1,721,001 research outputs found
Fig. 1 in Towards Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation: A working list of all known plant species - Progress and prospects
No full textFig. 1. Graph of line of number of accepted species plotted against number of species names. Line of best fit: y = 0.395x–88.53; R2 = 0.97.Published as part of Paton, Alan J., Brummitt, Neil, Govaerts, Rafaël, Harman, Kehan, Hinchcliffe, Sally, Allkin, Bob & Lughadha, Eimear Nic, 2008, Towards Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation: A working list of all known plant species - Progress and prospects, pp. 602-611 in Taxon 57 (2) on page 606, DOI: 10.2307/25066027, http://zenodo.org/record/581477
Appendix. The status of global taxonomic checklist preparation for flowering plant families (based on Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II but modified to reflect circumscriptions of existing checklists). If a checklist is complete and available on the Internet then the URL is also given. The species numbers (sp. no.) given are either based on actual working lists (WL) where they exist or are based on Stevens (2006) if no WL is available. Five categories are used to describe the status of a particular working list: 1, checklist complete and accessible via the Internet now; 2, checklist available on Internet by end of 2007 (Asteraceae 2010); 3, checklist complete but not online; 4, some online lists giving partial coverage may be available; 5, no global checklist being compiled so far as known. in Towards Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation: A working list of all known plant species - Progress and prospects
No full textAppendix. The status of global taxonomic checklist preparation for flowering plant families (based on Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II but modified to reflect circumscriptions of existing checklists). If a checklist is complete and available on the Internet then the URL is also given. The species numbers (sp. no.) given are either based on actual working lists (WL) where they exist or are based on Stevens (2006) if no WL is available. Five categories are used to describe the status of a particular working list: 1, checklist complete and accessible via the Internet now; 2, checklist available on Internet by end of 2007 (Asteraceae 2010); 3, checklist complete but not online; 4, some online lists giving partial coverage may be available; 5, no global checklist being compiled so far as known.Published as part of Paton, Alan J., Brummitt, Neil, Govaerts, Rafaël, Harman, Kehan, Hinchcliffe, Sally, Allkin, Bob & Lughadha, Eimear Nic, 2008, Towards Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation: A working list of all known plant species - Progress and prospects, pp. 602-611 in Taxon 57 (2) on page 1, DOI: 10.2307/25066027, http://zenodo.org/record/581477
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Bryophytes as Indicators of Forest Disturbance: a new toolset for conservation
Full text linkBryophytes, though relatively understudied, are an important and diverse component of ecosystems with around 20 000 extant species. Three plant phyla make up bryophytes: liverworts (Marchantiophyta), mosses (Bryophyta) and hornworts (Anthocerophyta). The bryophyte life- cycle is unique among land plants for having a dominant gametophyte generation, a characteristic possibly retained from the first plant land-colonisers. Because of bryophytes' small size, their ecophysiology is particular and different to most other land plants, with moisture availability being a limiting factor for many species. Included in this, is the mechanism of desiccation tolerance (DT), which is almost exclusively found in bryophytes. Desiccation tolerance together with a small size means that bryophytes can occupy harsh habitats and substrates that are not available to most plants as they have the ability to efficiently utilise water in the form of water vapour. Bryophytes are therefore highly dependent on microclimate and consequently, have a high affinity to particular microhabitats. In forests, bryophyte reliance on microclimate and microhabitats make bryophytes particularly susceptible to disturbances due to a decrease in humidity and increase in insolation often associated with forest degradation. Bryophytes also have varying degrees of desiccation tolerance which means bryophytes will respond differently to forest degradation.
Tropical humid forests are one of the richest ecosystems but also, historically, one of the least protected. Currently, it is estimated that more than 50% of all tropical habitats are degraded. Madagascar is highly regarded for being a 'biodiversity and endemism hotspot' but is also known for the significant human threats to its ecosystems. The level of threat makes conservation of biodiversity both necessary and urgent and so quick, cost-effective and reliable methods that measure biodiversity responses to forest degradation are vital; one such method is the use of indicators. Indicators can be taxa, groups of taxa or abiotic characteristics. This study investigates the potential of using bryophytes as indicators of forest degradation based on their morphological and life-history traits and how these traits affect their environmental preferences.
A bryophyte trait database was created for 1430 taxa, 51 morphological and reproduction traits, five environmental traits, 13 ecological and distribution traits and three conservation traits. It is the largest bryophyte trait database to date, and is also novel in that it includes Malagasy bryophytes. Portuguese bryophytes were also included to inform on Malagasy species, for which data is scarce. Studies have found that it is possible to extrapolate bryophyte data from one region to another due to the high dispersal ability of bryophytes resulting in species, genera and families common to both regions. In the specific case of Madagascar and Portugal, 34% of Malagasy genera and 64% of Malagasy families are found in Portugal.
Many traits were found to affect species' environmental preferences from large-scale traits such as life-form and plant size to cell shape and spore size. Importantly, analyses conducted on Malagasy and Portuguese species individually showed that their traits have comparable responses to environmental preferences thus confirming that results from Portuguese species can indeed be used to extrapolate to tropical ones. Two trait profiles that characterise species of dry and exposed habitats, and species of humid and sheltered habitats were identified and used to assign species an indicator value. This methodology allowed the inclusion of species with missing trait data, which was the majority of Malagasy species.
Species, genera and families were identified that indicate particular environmental conditions. Species that indicate humid and sheltered conditions are those that have open life-forms and are large. Most epiphytic species are indicators of drier and more exposed conditions. The indicator index created therefore reflects the different responses of bryophyte species. These findings were validated with sampling of bryophytes in a lowland humid forest, in southeastern Madagascar, along a gradient of degradation. Two metrics were used to quantify degradation: a categorical one of four classes of forest degradation and non-forest (cleared forest for shifting cultivation) and an index based on various disturbance variables. This showed that using a finer-scale of degradation provided greater insight into the response of bryophytes to varying degrees of degradation.
Bryophytes have potential as indicators, and the IV metric created here needs further refinements. An important finding was that certain bryophyte traits (e.g. life-form) respond predictably to environmental conditions and forest degradation. These traits could therefore be used as a quick, simple and cost-efficient measure of forest degradation
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
