1,720,957 research outputs found
Níveis urinários de chumbo em escolares residentes de área de exploração de carvão mineral e fatores de risco associados
Get PDFDissertação (Mestrado)Atividades de exploração de carvão mineral podem liberar uma ampla variedade de
compostos químicos em todos os compartimentos ambientais, causando danos à saúde de
populações expostas e ao ambiente. Candiota possui a maior reserva de carvão mineral do
Brasil e estudos anteriores já evidenciaram que a exposição aos contaminantes oriundos da
mineração na região, principalmente o Pb, podem estar desencadeando uma série de
desfechos negativos na saúde da população. Diante desta problemática, o presente estudo teve
como objetivos (1) identificar os fatores associados aos níveis urinários de Pb em crianças da
região carbonífera de Candiota; e (2) espacializar os níveis urinários de Pb destas crianças.
Um estudo transversal foi conduzido analisando 92 crianças em idade escolar de Candiota e
região. A coleta dos dados demográficos e socioeconômicos dos participantes ocorreu via
questionário e a determinação dos níveis urinários de Pb foi normalizada a partir da
concentração de creatinina urinária. Para avaliar os fatores associados aos níveis urinários de
Pb foi utilizada a regressão de Poisson. Os principais fatores associados aos elevados níveis
de Pb (3,50 e 11,13 µg.g-1
-creatinina para P50 e P95, respectivamente) nas crianças foi cor da
mãe e exposição ocupacional do pai. Além disso, nosso estudo confirma a partir da
distribuição espacial que as amostras com maiores níveis de Pb estão localizadas no
município de Candiota. Portanto, concluímos que atividades de mineração podem ter um
grande impacto na saúde humana, elevando os níveis urinários de Pb na população infantil.
Logo, governos e responsáveis por políticas públicas de saúde não devem medir esforços para
enfrentar as questões que permeiam a vulnerabilidade destas crianças, uma vez que estejam
ambientalmente expostas.Coal exploration activities can release a wide variety of chemical compounds into all
environmental compartments, causing damage to the health of exposed populations and the
environment. Candiota has the largest coal reserve in Brazil and previous studies have already
shown that exposure to contaminants from mining in the region, mainly Pb, may be triggering
a series of negative outcomes in the health of the population. In view of this problem, the
present study aimed to (1) identify the factors associated with urinary Pb levels in children
from the Candiota coal region; and (2) spatialize the urinary Pb levels of these children. A
cross-sectional study was conducted analyzing 92 school-age children from Candiota and
region. Demographic and socioeconomic data of the participants were collected via a
questionnaire and the determination of urinary Pb levels was normalized from the urinary
creatinine concentration. To assess factors associated with urinary Pb levels, Poisson
regression was used. The main factors associated with high levels of Pb (3.50 and 11.13 µg.g1-creat for P50 and P95, respectively) in children were skin color of the mother and the
father's occupational exposure. Furthermore, our study confirms from the spatial distribution
that the samples with higher levels of Pb are located in the municipality of Candiota.
Therefore, we conclude that mining activities can have a major impact on human health by
raising urinary Pb levels in the child population. Governments and those responsible for
public health policies should spare no effort to face the issues that permeate the vulnerability
of these children, once they are environmentally exposed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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