1,721,199 research outputs found
The road to Valhalla: can the application of 3D printing technologies benefit the interpretation of museum archaeology?
No full textMuseum artefacts are usually kept behind special glass cases for protection and preservation with access confined to experts; essentially creating a barrier between visitor and priceless artefact. However, only well-funded museums have been able to circumvent these barriers through expensive reproductions, reaping benefits that offer visitors the luxury of touch and the advantages of tactile interaction. These include positive developments in attention, spatial awareness, memory, and in some cases, even healing.To date, little attention has been given to new and inexpensive technologies such as three-dimensional printing technologies as generative tools and as vehicles for interpretation. It is possible with application of Three-dimensional printing technologies that this will benefit the conceptual/methodological growth of the museum where it is applied in the discipline of Archaeology: breaking down barriers between the visitor and the artefact in museums.Data for this thesis is obtained through a mixed-methodology of two separate surveys on museum curators, and general visitors at two museums, and an experiment on object handling with three-dimensional replicas. Results of these areas of analyses also include discussions on copyright laws, the ethics of three-dimensional replicas of artefacts for museums, as well as research from psychology on the effects of sensory and haptic interaction in various fields of study. With the consideration of application, accessibility, and interpretation, this thesis expands upon the overlapping benefits that Three-dimensional printing can bring to artefact interaction in a museum.The implications on both the viability and the benefit of haptic interaction for museum object interpretation and sensory reaffirmation suggest its application as a possible new standard for object handling in museums that offer focus on participatory experiences for the general visitor. This thesis, therefore, presents from a functionalist perspective, new strategies on 21st century museology for the display of artefacts through three dimensional replicas as complementary to the exhibits. As a multi-sensory norm in museum exhibition, this will not only encourage greater immersion and interaction by non-specialist visitors, but eliminate barriers to accessibility, while incorporating deeper appreciation for the object, and greater interaction with handle-able replicas, in tandem with developments and application of accessible and affordable technologies across multiple fields
The talking projection: teaching that is not flat
No full textNearly two years ago online teaching became a necessity, the only point of student-teacher synchronous engagement. Teaching through Microsoft TEAMS, Zoom, Slack, or any other platform has for the majority meant appealing to student learners, though their own computer, and through the wonders of technology appearing on multiple screens in multiple countries; each screen leading to an individual learner. However, what if this assumption of projection onto multiple screens was removed, and instead the educator were to be projected onto an individual screen to multiple class-based student learners?This presentation will therefore seek to explore the challenge of online teaching when it is focused on multiple learners who are seated in one classroom by a projection screen in which there is limited access a computer. This will therefore draw from contemporary experience, where adaption and motivation have the potential to lead to a fantastic student focused outcome. In doing so, this presentation will thus consider current pedagogies particularly focusing on scaffolding techniques and Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) can mesh with a challenging and novel single screen framework (SSF).SSF, a projection runs the risk of educator becoming a reader who conflates ‘saying’ and ‘reading’ with ‘learner engagement’. Divided into theoretical and practical we shall see the navigation of this with the synthesis of digital tools and approaches.<br/
Establishing equilibrium: not a novelty just novel
No full textOnline Teaching is often seen as a poor cousin to in-person teaching; perceived limitations to engagement and the reduction of the teacher to a talking-head can be seen as a potential detraction. In practice, this is not so; or is that just wishful thinking by hard-pressed educators frantically adjusting to new demands caused by the pandemic? Given time, familiarity encourages experimentation and growth, that whilst limited by the computing technology of teacher and learner, pedagogy in practice can expand and seek a new equilibrium. But with time at a premium, educators are left ‘scrambling’ for solutions, engaged in scattershot approaches and methods. All this done in a genuine desire, however misguided the attempt(s), to continue, if not maintain quality in their own pedagogy. Nonetheless, to teach effectively in this new environment, certain assumptions - both conscious and unconscious - are being presumed by educators in these online classrooms. These include learner motivation and engagement, underpinned by attention (i.e. active listening); teaching focus that corresponds to institutional goals; and content mediated by means of delivery, among others. By interrogating the three main assumptions of learner motivation/engagement, teacher-adaptability, and exploitation of content, we can increase our knowledge base as we delve deeper into what exactly is being taught, how that is carried across to learners and if meaningful teaching is taking place. Strategic implementation of certain pedagogies can serve to increase the depth of reach; though unless caution and restraint are observed, then the reaction from positive acceptance can become positive avoidance for both learners and educators.Borrowing from different fields, including new theories and pedagogies in a variety of subjects, this presentation will re-examine the role of the educator and content in addressing these competing challenges while complementing and supplementing current understanding in this new modality of online teaching. <br/
Space-time interaction: visuo-spatial processing affects the temporal focus of mind wandering
No full textOur understanding of mind wandering (MW) has dramatically increased over the past decade. Studies have shown that in the vast majority of cases, MW is directed to times other than the present, and a bias toward the future has been reported (prospective bias). The processing of time is not independent of the processing of space: humans represent time along a spatial continuum, on a "mental time line" (MTL). In cultures with a left to right reading/writing system, the MTL expands from left to right. Capitalizing on these findings, here we aimed at investigating the effects of visuo-spatial processing on the temporal orientation of spontaneous MW, and specifically we asked whether we could steer the temporal focus of MW towards the past or the future, by experimentally inducing a leftward and a rightward orienting of attention, respectively. To this aim, we experimentally manipulated the spatial orientation demands associated with the focal task in two independent groups, with a leftward orienting of attention (left-pointing arrows, LA group) and a rightward orienting of attention (right-pointing arrows, RA group). We found that the temporal orientation of MW critically depended on the spatial orientation demands of the task: specifically, the proportion of spontaneous past-oriented MW episodes was higher under the induction of a leftward orienting attention (LA group) than under the induction of a rightward orienting attention (RA group). The opposite pattern was found for spontaneous future-oriented MW episodes. Possible mechanisms involved in this effect and their implications for research on MW and spontaneous cognition are discussed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Body ownership: When feeling and knowing diverge
Full text linkIndividuals with the peculiar disturbance of 'overcompleteness' experience an intense desire to amputate one of their healthy limbs, describing a sense of disownership for it (Body Integrity Identity Disorder - BIID). This condition is similar to somatoparaphrenia, the acquired delusion that one's own limb belongs to someone else. In ten individuals with BIID, we measured skin conductance response to noxious stimuli, delivered to the accepted and non-accepted limb, touching the body part or simulating the contact (stimuli approach the body without contacting it), hypothesizing that these individuals have responses like somatoparaphrenic patients, who previously showed reduced pain anticipation, when the threat was directed to the disowned limb. We found reduced anticipatory response to stimuli approaching, but not contacting, the unwanted limb. Conversely, stimuli contacting the non-accepted body-part, induced stronger SCR than those contacting the healthy parts, suggesting that feeling of ownership is critically related to a proper processing of incoming threats
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
