1,720,992 research outputs found
Enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct at cone-beam CT: ELST or EVA?
No full textThe radiological diagnosis of enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) can be challenging. Pathologies like the EVA and early stage endolymphatic sac tumor (ELST) can be difficult to differentiate as clinical characteristics are similar and these pathologies are rare. The cone beam CT (CBCT) is a new imaging technique with low radiation dose and high-resolution power that can be used to study patients affected by EVA or ELST. The present paper will take into account the imaging features that can help in distinguishing the above-mentioned pathologies when studied by mean of CBCT
In reference to “Central nervous system anomalies in craniofacial microsomia: a systematic review”
No full textThe International Association of Physicians in Audiology: from the Bulletin to HBC, a history 40 years long
No full text
From Mondini to the latest inner ear malformations’ classifications: an historical and critical review
No full textMore than two hundred years ago, the Italian Carlo Mondini described the first inner ear malformation (IEM). From that moment, a lot of authors from all over the world put their effort on the discovery, description and classification of IEMs. Anatomists, radiologists and surgeons were involved in this amazing field. But the desire for more information on these anomalies should not be considered ephemeral; a deeper understanding of these pathologies has led over the years to the development of new surgical techniques and approaches for auditory rehabilitation of patients affected by congenital hearing loss. The development of new technologies, in particular in radiology and otolaryngology, had a tremendous impact on the evolution of the classification systems proposed over the decades. The evolution of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cochlear implants is still having a great effect in current clinical management of this kind of patients. Even though so much was obtained over the centuries, we cannot really say that the quest is over. The present review aims to sum up the main historical steps that led to the development of the modern classification systems of IEMs
Inner ear malformations and neurological involvement: a review
No full textInner ear malformations are associated with different degrees of hearing loss. Some of these anomalies require cochlear implantation because of the occurrence of profound hearing loss. The radiological imaging necessary for the evaluation of the congenital hearing loss might also reveal the concomitant presence of important collateral findings such as the central nervous system and cranial nerves malformations. These neurological features might be extremely important in the surgical planning of the cochlear implantation and also have a role in the hearing and speech development of the affected children. In addition, anomalies affecting specific structures of the inner ear should be considered predisposing factors for otogenic meningitis and they should be identified as early as possible. The present review aims to summarize the available literature about this specific topic crucial for the patients’ neuropsychological and auditory development
High-resolution 3 T magnetic resonance findings in cochlear hypoplasias and incomplete partition anomalies: A pictorial essay
No full textInner ear malformations are recognized by imaging in about 20% of children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss. Normal development of the inner ear structures can be affected by many factors, including genetic anomalies as well as environmental destructive causes (ischemic, infectious, radiation and more). Recently, histo-pathological studies have provided new insights on the anatomy and pathogenesis of inner ear malformations, especially regarding incomplete partition and cochlear hypoplasia (CH), for which different subtypes have been identified. Factors known for interfering with normal inner ear development are numerous and sometimes act simultaneously, making the understanding of their pathophysiology more challenging. Vascular supply from the internal auditory canal seems to be critical for normal development of internal structures of the labyrinth while a premature arrest in the spatial development of the cochlea due to genetic or toxic factors may result in short cochlea (i.e.: CH). The aim of this essay is to show 3 T MRI appearances of the different subtypes of CH and incomplete partition introduced in the new classification (findings summary in Table 1)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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