32 research outputs found
Studi Numerik Sentrifugal Fan Pada Pt. Pjb Up Gresik Dengan Modifikasi Diameter Outlet (D2) Untuk Meningkatkan Kapasitas
No full textPembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) PT. PJB UP Gresik memiliki boiler yang akan dioperasikan dengan kebutuhan suplai udara bertekanan dengan kapasitas sebesar 3220 m/min. Pada Tugas Akhir ini penulis mencoba mensimulasikan secara ulang aliran fluida pada Forced Draft Fan tersebut dengan menggunakan aplikasi Computional Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Tujuan dari tugas akhir ini yaitu untuk mengetahui karakteristik aliran dan unjuk kerja sentrifugal fan dengan merubah diameter outlet impeller ( ) menjadi 2600mm. Pengujian dilakukan melalui pemodelan numerik dengan menggunakan software fluent 6.3.26 secara tiga dimensi. Karakteristik aliran dinyatakan dalam distribusi kecepatan dan distribusi tekanan disekitar sudu. Dari hasil simulasi percobaan didapatkan Kecepatan tangensial paling besar terjadi pada forced draft fan dengan = 2600mm yakni sebesar 329.862 m/s,namun untuk kecepatan radialnya paling besar terjadi pada forced draft fan dengan =2700mm yaitu sebesar 165.1533m/s . Lalu untuk tekanan outlet dan flow rate paling besar terjadi pada forced draft fan dengan = 2600mm yakni sebesar 138471.27 Pa dan 1604.5153 . Pada forced draft fan dengan = 2700mm mengalami penurunan pada tekanan outlet dan flow ratenya yakni sebesar 121810.43 Pa dan 1431.3777 .
=======================================================================================================
Steam power plant (PLTU) PT PJB UP Gresik has a boiler will be operated with a pressurised air supply needs with the 3220 m/min flow rate. At this final project,the author is trying to simulate the fluid flow in force draft fan of PT PJB UP Gresik by using CFD ( Computational Fluid Dynamics ) . The purpose of this final project is to find out the characteristics of he flow and the centrifugal fan performance by modification diameter of outlet impeller (D2) to 2700mm. Testing is done through numerical modeling using the software fluent 6.3.26 in three dimensions. Characteristics of flow distribution decleared in speed and pressure distribution around the impeller. From the results of simulation experiments obtained the forced draft fan with = 2600mm has the highest tangential Speed,that is 329,862 m/s, but for the highest radial speed occur in forced draft fan with = 2700mm ,that is 165.1533 m/s. The Forced Draft Fan with = 2600mm have a highest outlet pressure and flow rate,that are 138471.27 Pa and 1604.5153 . In the Forced Draft Fan with = 2700mm, the outlet pressure and flow rate have decreased to 121810.43 Pa and 1431.3777
Metode Life Cycle Assessment Sebagai Acuan Kinerja Proses Pengolahan Air Limbah PLTU (Studi Kasus: PT PJB Muara Karang)
No full textPembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) milik PT PJB Muara Karang merupakan salah satu pemasok listrik di wilayah DKI Jakarta dan sekitarnya. Dalam proses produksi listriknya, PLTU menghasilkan air limbah dengan karakteristik tertentu. Pada proses pengolahan limbahnya, PT PJB Muara Karang memiliki 3 buah Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL). Adapun ruang lingkup dari penelitian ini adalah WWTP 1, dimana sumber limbahnya berasal dari proses regenerasi unit demin, proses blowdown boiler, proses pencucian heater, proses cleaning boiler, air limbah laboratorium, dan air limbah domestik yang berasal dari gedung admin dan control room. Dalam proses pengolahannya, terdapat unit-unit pengolahan air limbah dengan fungsi pengolahan yang berbeda. Unit pengolahan tersebut membutuhkan mesin listrik dan pompa untuk menunjang kinerjanya dimana hal tersebut berpotensi untuk menimbulkan dampak lingkungan berupa emisi gas rumah kaca. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan adanya identifikasi dampak lingkungan pada proses pengolahan air limbah di PLTU PT PJB Muara Karang dimana metode terpilih adalah Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Metode LCA terpilih pada penelitian ini karena mampu menganalisis dampak lingkungan pada semua tahapan dalam siklus hidup suatu produk. Adapun output dari analisis ini adalah dampak lingkungan pada tiga kategori dampak, yaitu Global Warming sebesar 391,58 kg CO2 into air-eq/hari, Non-renewable Energy sebesar 77.127,38 MJ/hari, dan Aquatic Acidification sebesar 889,96 kg SO2 into air-eq/hari. Berdasarkan interpretasi data yang dilakukan, diperoleh kategori Resources yang memberikan dampak lingkungan terbesar. Dari hasil tersebut, perlu ditentukan metode perbaikan untuk mengurangi dampak lingkungan yang ada berdasarkan studi literatur yang dilakukan penulis. Adapun langkah pengurangan dampak yang dilakukan adalah dengan mengganti sumber energi tidak terbarukan dengan energi baru terbarukan. Sumber energi tersebut antara lain energi surya, energi gelombang laut, energi pasang surut air laut, energi biomassa, dan energi biogas. Pada akhirnya, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mengidentifikasi dampak lingkungan yang dihasilkan oleh proses pengolahan air limbah serta menentukan metode pengurangan dampak untuk mengurangi dampak lingkungan terbesar yang dihasilkan. Kajian LCA dan metode pengurangan dampak ini nantinya diharapkan dapat c. Dengan peningkatan kinerja lingkungan, diharapkan pihak perusahaan dapat meningkatkan citranya melalui beberapa penghargaan, seperti pada Program Penilaian Peringkat Kinerja Perusahaan dalam Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup (PROPER).
==============================================================================================================================
The Steam Power Plant, owned by PJB Muara Karang Ltd., is one of the electricity suppliers in DKI Jakarta and the surrounding areas. In producing electricity, the steam power plant produces wastewater with specific characteristics. PJB Muara Karang Ltd. has three Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) in the waste treatment process. The scope of this research is WWTP 1, where the source of waste comes from the regeneration process of the demin unit, boiler blowdown process, the heater washing process, boiler cleaning process, laboratory wastewater, and domestic wastewater from the admin building and control room. There are wastewater treatment units with different processing functions in the processing process. The treatment unit requires electrical machinery and pumps to support its performance which have the potential to cause environmental impacts in the form of greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the environmental impact of the wastewater treatment process at PJB Muara Karang's Power Plant, where the selected method is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The LCA method was chosen in this study because it can analyze environmental impacts at all stages in the life cycle of a product. The output of this analysis is the environmental impact on three impact categories, namely Global Warming of 391.58 kg CO2 into air-eq/day, Non- renewable Energy of 77,127.38 MJ/day, and Aquatic Acidification of 889.96 kg SO2 into air- eq/day. Based on the data interpretation, the Resources category with the most significant environmental impact is obtained. From these results, it is necessary to determine improvement measures to reduce existing environmental impacts based on literature studies conducted by the author. The impact reduction step is replacing non-renewable energy sources with new renewable energy. These energy sources include solar energy, wave energy, tidal energy, biomass energy, and biogas energy. Ultimately, this research is expected to identify the environmental impacts of the wastewater treatment process and determine impact reduction methods to reduce the most significant environmental impacts. This LCA study and impact reduction method are expected used as a consideration and additional information for PJB Muara Karang Ltd. in improving its environmental performance. With the improvement of environmental performance, it is expected that the company can improve its image through several certification programs, such as the Company Performance Rating Assessment Program in Environmental Management
Kedudukan Akta Notaris Dalam Pengikatan Jual Beli Hak Atas Tanah Di Kabupaten Karanganyar
No full textThe research aimed to describe about the position of the Notary Deed in binding the sale and purchase (PJB) of land rights in Karanganyar Regency. The state which has a role as a policy maker is expected to guarantee legal certainty and protection. The fact is that there are no laws and regulations that specifically regulate the Binding Sale and Purchase of Land Rights. Therefore the deed of binding sale and purchase of land rights is made in accordance with the will of the parties concerned. On the other hand, the making of the deed has legal consequences for the parties involved. So the role of the Notary here is very vital regarding how the form and content of the deed must be able to guarantee legal certainty for the parties and not harm the parties concerned. The issues raised are 1) What is the form and content of PJB Land Rights? And 2) Legal consequences of PJB Land Rights made with a notarial deed?. The research method usesnormative juridical. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. This research was conducted on the parties involved in the process of binding the sale and purchase of land rights in Karanganyar Regency.The data collection method in this study was library research, namely reading, understanding and analyzing books, journals, legislation and other scientific publications. The data analysis method is after the data is collected, then simplifying the data so that it is easily understood and analyzed to produce facts that can answer the questions that the author conveys in this study. The results of this study: 1) The form of PJB is in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing Number 11/PRT/M/2019 and has fulfilled the legal requirements of an agreement (Article 1320 of the Civil Code; 2) PJB is an authentic deed made before a notary and made in writing, so PJB has strong and perfect evidence
PELAKSANAAN PENGIKATAN JUAL BELI RUMAH MELALUI SISTEM PESAN-BANGUN PADA PT. PRATAMA GRIYA MAKMUR KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT
No full textPengertian rumah diatur dalam Pasal 1 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2011 tentang Perumahan dan Kawasan Pemukiman, keberadaanya yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan masyarakat menyebabkan tidak setiap orang bisa dengan mudah memilikinya, maka pemerintah memberikan peluang usaha kepada pihak swasta untuk terlibat dalam penyediaan rumah bagi masyarakat. Strategi pemasaran rumah yang saat ini sedang banyak digunakan, yaitu penjualan rumah dalam bentuk gambar (pre project selling). Transaksi tersebut dituangkan dalam bentuk Pengikatan Jual Beli (PJB) yang pada prakteknya menimbulkan berbagai masalah baik ditinjau dari isi PJB dan kualitas hasil pekerjaan dengan gambar rumah dalam brosur/ teknis bangunan tidak sama. Adapun terkait dengan isi PJB adalah upaya pengembang untuk menerobos aturan hukum dan perundang-undangan cara direktur perusahaan bertindak untuk dan atas nama pribadi dan bukan selaku direktur perusahaan, konsumen diwajibkan membayar harga kelebihan tanah yang sebelumnya tidak diperjanjikan dan terpikirkan, uang tanda jadi (downpaymant) yang semula bertambah besar dari harga yang ditawarkan pada browsur, konstruksi rumah tidak sesuai dengan spesifikasi dan standar umum, keterlambatan penyerahan sertifikat, masalah fasum, dan sebagainya, sejatina hal ini menjadi tanggung jawab pengembang jika dikaji dari perundang-undang utamanya Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2011 tentang Perumahan dan Kawasan Pemukiman dan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen dan atau peraturan teknis lainnya. Dari uraian diatas menarik diteliti permasalahan pelaksanaan pengikatan jual beli rumah melalui sistem pesan bangun pada PT. Pratama Griya Makmur Kabupaten Pasaman Barat antara lain 1). Bagaimanakah pelaksanaan pengikatan jual beli rumah antara konsumen dengan pengembang melalui sistem pesan bangun. 2). Bagaimanakah perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen dalam transaksi jual beli rumah melalui sistem pesan-bangun yang berdasarkan PJB pada PT. Pratama Griya Makmur Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Untuk membahas permasalahan peneltian ini penulis menggunakan pendekatan yuridis empiris. Dengan mengunakan data yuridis empiris yaitu dengan mengunakan data sekunder dengan melakukan penelitian lapangan dan wawancara atau tanya jawab secara langsung dikaitkan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan dan isi PJB yang disepakati. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pelaksanaan dan perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen dalam jual beli rumah melalui sistem pesan bangun pada PT. Pratama Griya Makmur Kabupaten Pasaman Barat selama ini dilakukan dengan menerobos aturan, yaitu pihak yang mewakili perusahaan dalam membuat PJB adalah pribadi direktur, bertindak untuk dan atas nama pribadi, didalam PJB sepesifikasi bangunan tidak dicantumkan, sanksi pembatalan perjanjian, hak dan kewajiban para pihak tidak dicantumkan secara implisit.
Kata Kunci : Pelaksanaan, Pengikatan Jual Beli, Pesan Bangun
IMPLEMENTATION OF BINDING BUYING HOUSE THROUGH THE BUILDING MESSAGE SYSTEM IN PT. PRATAMA GRIYA MAKMUR PASAMAN BARAT DISTRICT
(BALDI PRAMANA, 1620123008, Post-Graduate Faculty of Law Notary Program Andalas University 2018)
Abstract
The definition of housing is regulated in Article 1 paragraph (1) of Law Number 1 of 2011 concerning Housing and Settlement Areas, its existence which is very important for life causes not everyone can easily have, the government provides business opportunities for the private sector to be involved in providing home to the community. The home marketing strategy that is currently being widely used, namely home sales in the form of images (pre project selling). The transaction is outlined in the form of Bonds for Sale and Purchase (PJB) which in practice raises various problems both in terms of the content of PJB and the quality of the results of work with pictures of houses in the brochure / technical building is not the same. As for the contents of PJB, it is the effort of the developer to break the law and legislation on how the company director acts for and on behalf of himself and not as the director of the company, consumers are obliged to pay excess land prices that were not previously agreed and thought, downpaymant originally increased from the price offered on browsers, house construction was not in accordance with general specifications and standards, delays in submission of certificates, public relations issues, etc., in fact this was the responsibility of the developer if it was reviewed from the main legislation Law Number 1 Year 2011 concerning Housing and Settlement Areas and Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and / or other technical regulations. From the description above, it is interesting to examine the problem of implementing the binding of home buying and selling through a built-in message system at PT. Pratama Griya Makmur Regency of West Pasaman, among others 1). How is the implementation of the binding of buying and selling houses between consumers and developers through a built-in message system. 2). What is the legal protection of consumers in a home sale and purchase transaction through a message-build system based on PJB at PT. Pratama Griya Makmur, West Pasaman Regency. To discuss this research problem the author uses an empirical juridical approach. By using juridical empirical data that is by using secondary data by conducting field research and interviews or question and answer directly related to the legislation and the contents of the agreed PJB. The results of the study show the implementation and legal protection for consumers in buying and selling houses through a built-in message system at PT. Pratama Griya Makmur, West Pasaman Regency has been carried out by breaking through rules, namely parties representing companies in making PJB are directors, acting for and on behalf of themselves, in PJB the building specifications are not included, sanctions for cancellation of agreements, rights and obligations of parties are not included implicitly.
Keywords: Implementation, Binding of Sale and Purchase, Build Messag
Revealing and Building the COSO Concept and Khalifatullah Fill Ard Philosophy to Prevent and Detect the Occurrence of Fraud Through Forensic Accounting
No full textAbstractThe objective of this research was to reveal the occurrence of Disclaimer financial statements opinion phenomenon, explore and analyze the function of Internal Control Unit (SPI) to perform its role in preventing and detecting fraud. This research was qualitative using phenomenological approach with interpretive paradigm. The research objects were Internal Control Unit (SPI) staff at State Higher Education Institutions, namely the Chairman and Vice-Chairman of the Internal Control Unit (SPI). The results show the occurrence of disclaimer opinion because the asset procurement and managements are not in accordance with the regulations of PJB (Management of Goods and Services)
Analisis Pengaruh Coal Mixing Pada Medium Rank Coal dan Low Rank Coal Terhadap Potensi Timbulnya Slagging dan Fouling Serta Efisiensi Boiler Unit PT. PJB UP Paiton Probolinggo
No full textPT. PJB UP Paiton Probolinggo merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang pembangkit listrik tenaga uap dengan menggunakan batubara kualitas tinggi (high rank coal) sebagai bahan bakar utamanya dan desain boiler yang dirancang untuk batubara kualitas tinggi. Mengingat keberadaan batubara kualitas tinggi yang semakin langka dan harganya yang semakin mahal, maka perusahaan berusaha menekan biaya produksi dengan melakukan coal mixing atau mencampurkan batubara kualitas menengah (medium rank coal) dan kualitas rendah (low rank coal) untuk memenuhi nilai minimum kalori batubara yang dibutuhkan. Coal mixing dapat mempengaruhi slagging dan fouling yang terbentuk serta efisiensi boiler karena penggunaan batubara yang tidak sesuai dengan desain boiler. Hal tersebut menjadi tujuan dari proyek akhir ini yaitu menganalisis pengaruh coal mixing pada medium rank coal dan low rank coal terhadap potensi timbulnya slagging dan fouling serta efisiensi boiler PT. PJB UP Paiton Probolinggo.
Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif yaitu dengan menampilkan angka-angka, grafik maupun tabel untuk menjabarkan hasil penelitian. Coal mixing dilakukan pada dua rasio yang berbeda yakni 60 MRC : 40 LRC dan 20 MRC : 80 LRC. Kualitas batubara hasil coal mixing diuji dengan menggunakan analisis proximate dan analisis ultimate, sedangkan untuk klasifikasi ash/abu batubara diuji dengan analisis komposisi senyawa kimia batubara. Perhitungan index slagging dan fouling dilakukan berdasarkan hasil klasifikasi abu batubara. Perhitungan efisiensi boiler dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode langsung (input-output), selanjutnya dilakukan analisis efisiensi secara ekonomis.
Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan hasil index slagging pada kedua rasio coal mixing tergolong slagging rendah karena < 0.2% (Babcock Wilcox, 2005), index fouling pada 60 MRC : 40 LRC tergolong rendah karena < 0,2 % sedangkan pada 20 MRC : 80 LRC fouling tergolong sedang-tinggi karena masuk kisaran 0,2-0,5 % (Babcock Wilcox, 2005). Nilai rata-rata efisiensi boiler pada coal mixing 60 MRC : 40 LRC sebesar 87.06% kemudian pada coal mixing 20 MRC : 80 LRC turun menjadi 84,84 %. Analisis efisiensi secara ekonomis membuktikan bahwa pada coal mixing 20 MRC: 80 LRC dapat menekan biaya produksi sebesar Rp. 3.674.743.200 perbulannya dibandingkan dengan coal mixing 60 MRC : 40 LRC.
=================================================================================================
PT. PJB UP Paiton Probolinggo engages in steam power plants using highquality coal (high-rank coal) as its primary fuel and boiler design designed for highquality coal. Considering high-quality coal that is increasingly scarce and the price is
increasingly high, the company is trying to reduce production costs by mixing mediumquality coal (medium-rank coal) and low-quality coal (low-rank coal) to meet the minimum required coal calorific value. Coal mixing can affect the slagging and fouling formed and boiler efficiency due to coal that is not following the boiler design. This final project aims to analyze the effect of coal mixing on medium-rank coal and lowrank coal on the potential for slagging and fouling and boiler efficiency of PT. PJB UP Paiton Probolinggo
In this study, the author uses quantitative research methods, namely by displaying numbers, graphs, and tables to describe the study results. Coal mixing is carried out at two different ratios, namely 60 MRC: 40 LRC and 20 MRC: 80 LRC. The quality of coal due to coal mixing was tested using proximate analysis and ultimate analysis. In contrast, the classification of coal ash/ash was tested by analyzing the chemical composition of coal. The calculation of the slagging and fouling index is based on the results of coal ash classification. The estimate of the boiler efficiency value is carried out using the direct method (input-output), then an economic efficiency
analysis is carried out.
From the research that has been done, the results of the slagging index on both coal mixing ratios are classified as low slagging because <0.2% (Babcock Wilcox, 2005), the fouling index at 60 MRC: 40 LRC is low because <0.2% while at 20 MRC: 80 LRC fouling is classified as medium-high because it is in the range of 0.2- 0.5% (Babcock Wilcox, 2005). The average value of boiler efficiency at coal mixing 60 MRC: 40 LRC is 87.06%, then at coal mixing 20 MRC: 80 LRC, it drops to 84.84%. Economic efficiency analysis proves that coal mixing 20 MRC: 80 LRC can reduce production costs by Rp. 3,674,743,200 per month than coal mixing 60 MRC: 40 LR
Pengaruh Combustion Inspection, Turbine Inspection, dan Major Inspection Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Turbin Gas Unit 1.2 PLTGU PT. PJB UP Gresik
No full textPT. Pembangkitan Jawa-Bali merupakan salah satu anak perusahaan PT. Perusahaan Listrik Negara yang memliki unit Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Gas dan Uap, salah satunya berada di Unit Pembangkitan Gresik. PT. PJB UP Gresik memiliki 3 blok Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Gas dan Uap.Penggunaan unit secara terus menerus akan mengakibatkan penurunan performa pada unit. Oleh karena itu diperlukan Overhaul atau Maintenance yang bertujuan agar performa unit tidak turun drastis. Pada unit turbin gas terdapat beberapa Overhaul yaitu Combustion Inspection, Turbine Inspection, dan Major Inspection. Oleh karena itu, penulis ingin mengetahui bagaimana perngaruh Overhaul terhadap peningkatan ataupun penurunan pada unit turbin gas.
Sebelum dilakukan perhitungan unjuk kerja turbin gas, terkebih dahulu mencari dan menghitung properties tiap titik kemudian didapatkan analisis kerja kompresor, kerja turbin, konsumsi bahan bakar, back work ratio, efisiensi kompresor, efisiensi turbin, dan efisiensi siklus sebelum dan sesudah combustion inspection, turbine inspection dan major inspection.
Setelah dilakukan perhitungan didapatkan hasil efisiensi saat CI 2014 meningkat sebesar 0,42% , TI 2015 meningkat sebesar 0,44% , CI 2016 menurun 0,25% , dan MI 2017 meningkat sebesar 1,05%. Dengan kesimpulan bahwa Major Inspection memiliki pengaruh yang besar terhadap kenaikan efisiensi turbin gas.
======================================================================PT. Pembangkitan Jawa-Bali is a company branch of PT Perusahan Listrik Negara that owns Combined Cycle Power Plant (CCPP) unit. One of this kind is in Unit Pembangkitan Gresik. Pembangkitan Jawa-Bali Unit Pembangkit Gresik has 3 CCPP blocks. Continuous use of this unit leads to a decrease in its performance. Therefore, an Overhaul or Maintenance is required to keep the unit performance from decrease drastically. There are few Overhaul in gas turbine unit; Combustion Inspection, Turbine Inspection, and Major Inspection. The author wants to know the effect of Overhaul on gas turbine unit performance, whether it’s increase or decrease.
Before calculation for gas turbine work be done, first calculate properties each state, then compressor work analysis, turbine work analysis, fuel consumption analysis, back work ratio, compressor efficiency, turbine efficiency, cycle efficiency before and after combustion inspection, turbine inspection, and major inspection.
After all aspect calculated, the result when CI 2014 is increasing with 0,42% , TI 2015 is increasing with 0,44% , MI 2016 is decreasing with 0,25% , and MI 2017 is increasing with 1,05%. And the conclusion is Major Inspection has a major effect on increasing gas turbine efficiency
The role of endorectal ultrasound in therapeutic decision-making for local vs. transabdominal resection of rectal tumors
No full textINTRODUCTION: In rectal tumors, preoperative biopsies frequently fail to diagnose an invasive carcinoma. Endorectal ultrasound is considered a useful adjunct in preoperative staging of rectal tumors. However, feasibility of endorectal ultrasound and its role in therapeutic decision-making in presumed rectal adenomas is sparsely studied. METHODS: Endorectal ultrasound was performed in 268 tumors referred for local excision because biopsies showed tubulovillous adenoma. Feasibility of endorectal ultrasound was studied and ultrasound staging was compared with definite histopathologic findings. RESULTS: In 231 tumors, endorectal ultrasound was technically feasible (86 percent). Median distance from the dentate line was 11 cm in nonassessable tumors and 7 cm in assessable tumors (P<0.001). In 21 tumors, endorectal ultrasound was not conclusive, mainly in tumors being recurrent or after recent endoscopic manipulation (P<0.001). With endorectal ultrasound the rate of preoperative missed carcinomas could be reduced from 21 to 3 percent (P<0.01). In diagnosing tubulovillous adenomas, sensitivity and specificity of endorectal ultrasound was 89 and 86 percent, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Endorectal ultrasound is technically feasible in almost all presumed rectal adenomas, referred for local excision. Proper endorectal ultrasound interpretation is possible in 78 percent of all presumed rectal adenomas. Endorectal ultrasound is very reliable in diagnosing tubulovillous adenomas, and therapeutic decision-making regarding local excision vs. radical surgery based on endorectal ultrasound is valid
ANALISIS KOMPARASI BIAYA SENTRALISASI GUDANG DAN DESENTRALISASI GUDANG DI PT. PJB UP BRANTAS
No full textJika membutuhkan abstrak atau isi jurnal silahkan menghubungi author melalui email [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
PENGARUH INDIKATOR KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP ELEMEN ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR PADA KARYAWAN PT. PJB UP BRANTAS
No full textJika membutuhkan abstrak atau isi jurnal silahkan menghubungi author melalui email [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
