124,720 research outputs found
The Brazilian amazon: A resource curse or renewed colonialism?
No full textThe aim of this paper is to highlight the effect of the endowment of resources on development through the analysis of the impact of national strategy, both at a regional and local level. The research focuses on the Legal Amazon†, through the georeferenced analysis of socio-economic data from the last three censuses (1991, 2000 and 2010), in order to demonstrate how the Brazilian national energy strategy is contributing to the perpetuation of the phenomenon of the endowment trap‡ at a regional level. Despite boosting the national growth, the concentration of sector-based projects in resource-abundant areas is unable to eradicate inequalities, which in turn perpetuates the path dependence§
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Autoantibodies during alpha-interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis B
No full textThe development of autoantibodies and autoimmune reactions has been reported during and after interferon (IFN) therapy. Thirteen different antibodies from the sera of 32 patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) were tested. Seventeen HBeAg-positive patients received 4.5 megaunits (MU) of recombinant IFN thrice weekly for 4 months, and 15 anti-HBe and HBV-DNA positive patients were treated with 5 MU/m2 of lymphoblastoid IFN thrice weekly for 6 months. Five patients (15%) had antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and one patient (3%) had smooth muscle antibodies before treatment. ANA appeared during IFN treatment in five (18%) of 28 previously negative patients. With discontinuation of treatment, the titer of ANA fell to undetectable levels in all patients. In contrast, none of the patients developed antibodies to endocrine organs, such as thyroid microsomal, thyroglobulin, parietal cells, pancreatic islet cell, and adrenal cortex antibodies or autoantibodies specifically associated with autoimmune liver disease such as liver kidney microsomal antibodies and antimitochondrial antibodies. There was no correlation between autoantibody positivity before therapy or autoantibody occurrence during treatment and response to IFN therapy. None of the patients developed clinical signs of autoimmune disease. These results indicate that these regimens of recombinant and lymphoblastoid IFN therapy of chronic hepatitis B are associated with a low risk of clinically significant autoimmunity
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Induction of autoantibodies during alpha interferon treatment in chronic hepatitis B.
No full textThirty-two patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with alpha interferon were tested for 12 different antibodies. Only a minority (18%) of cases developed antinuclear antibodies and none developed clinical signs of autoimmune disease. These data suggest that, at the dose regimen used, interferon therapy of chronic hepatitis B is not associated with triggering of autoimmunity
LEVAMISOLE THERAPY IN CHRONIC TYPE B HEPATITIS
No full textA double-blind, randomized, controlled trial has been undertaken to evaluate treatment of chronic hepatitis type B with levamisole. Ten patients received levamisole (150 mg/day, 3 days/wk) and 10 received placebo until seroconversion to antibody to hepatitis B e antigen eventually occurred, or for a maximum of 18 mo. Final evaluation at 24 mo after starting treatment revealed that 60% of the patients in the levamisole group had become hepatitis B e antigen negative, 90% were hepatitis B virus-deoxyribonucleic acid negative in serum, and 8 of 9 (89%) patients had cleared hepatitis B core antigen from the liver. On the other hand, in the placebo group only 4 of the 10 subjects (40%) were hepatitis B e antigen and hepatitis B virus-deoxyribonucleic acid negative in serum and 3 of 8 (37.5%) of them became hepatitis B core antigen free in the liver. Moreover, in 8 patients of the treated group and in 4 of the control cases aminotransferase activities fell into the normal range. A liver biopsy specimen was obtained after treatment in 17 patients and 7 of 9 levamisole recipients showed marked improvement in hepatic histology, compared with 3 of 8 placebo recipients. These data show that patients treated with long-term levamisole therapy have a tendency toward normalization of aminotransferase activities and suppression of hepatitis B virus replication, suggesting that the drug may be of benefit in chronic hepatitis B e antigen-positive hepatitis
Intra-abdominal ovarian-type mucinous cystadenoma associated with fallopian tube-like structure and aberrant epididymal tissue in a male patient
No full textAmazônia Brasileira: maldição dos recursos naturais ou renovado colonialismo?
No full textNão obstante as várias mudanças políticas ocorridas depois do impeachment de 2015, o Brasil está ainda tentando emergir da sua crise econômica. Fatores como corrupção e políticas sociais assistencialistas parecem ter contribuído, no passado, ao fortalecimento de uma dinâmica dependente a vários níveis, em vez de produzir mudanças estruturais e melhorar
o bem-estar. Como consequência, as ferramentas políticas propostas pelos governos que seguiram aos 12 anos de domínio do PT, visam reduzir os gastos públicos e estimular o crescimento. Isso se alinha com as tendências das políticas econômicas latino-americanas de abandonar a aplicação heterodoxa a favor de intervenções neoliberalistas1 (WYLDE, 2016). De fato, seja qual for a linha de política econômica, para que ocorra crescimento econômico, a produção de energia e seu acesso são de importância crucial, mesmo apesar da ameaça que a exploração de recursos representa para
o território e a população (KILEBER&PARENTE, 2015). Neste artigo, a seção dois descreve o efeito da dotação de recursos (endowment) na estratégia energética brasileira: destaca-se o papel da Amazônia Legal na exploração dos recursos, levando em consideração a alocação incorreta dos benefícios (FEARNSIDE, 2016). A seção três mostra dados relevantes para ressaltar que a realização de grandes projetos, especialmente hidrelétricos, melhorou o desenvolvimento econômico no estado do Pará. Finalmente, a seção quatro destaca a brecha que abriu-se nessa área entre desenvolvimento humano e
renda per capita (PNUD, IPEA&FJP 2017)
PREVALENCE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF ANTIBODY TO HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS TYPE B AND DELTA
No full textPrevalence and significance of antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients with chronic hepatitis type B and delta is described. HCV worsen clinical course of paitents with chronic hepatitis type
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