1,721,069 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The Effects of Posture on Health Information Recall : A Randomised Trial
No full textAccording to embodiment theories of cognition and emotion, a bi-directional relationship exists between body posture, emotion, and cognition. Prior studies show that an upright posture can increase positive valence and arousal, increase confidence, improve cognitive performance, and recall of emotional memories and information. However, these findings are limited to a general context. This novel study aimed to investigate the effects of posture on health information recall specifically. This research is important as patients tend to recall only a small percentage of information from health consultations.
This study employed a between-group experimental design in which the height of a computer screen was altered to manipulate participants’ upper body posture discreetly. One hundred and twenty-eight healthy adults were randomly allocated to sit in either an upright posture (high computer screen position) or slumped posture (low computer screen position). During the experimental session, participants completed a baseline demographic questionnaire. Then, participants watched an eight-minute health information video which comprised of an introductory audio recording and a mock medical consultation. After watching the video, participants completed the follow-up questionnaire in which the primary outcome was free recall of the health information given in the mock consultation. Secondary outcomes included self-report scales measuring expectations about the medication described in the video, confidence and willingness to take the medication, and valence and arousal states. Linguistic Analysis and Word Count software was also used to assess participants’ interpretation of the information (positive and negative emotion words), attentional focus (use of first-person singular pronouns) and cognitive processing (insight words) from the open-ended response. One hundred and twenty-seven participants successfully completed the study.
Results showed the manipulation of posture was successful, with greater head and neck angles in the slumped group than the upright group, although there was no difference in shoulder angles. The upright posture condition recalled more health information in total from the video and had more positive valence than the slumped posture group. In addition, participants in the upright posture condition used more first-person singular pronouns in the open-ended response than participants in the slumped posture condition, demonstrating an inward attention focus. However, there were no significant group differences in recall of benefits and side effects of the medication, interpretation and cognitive processing of the health information, medication expectations, confidence and willingness to take the medication, and arousal states.
Overall, the results partially support embodiment theories of cognition and emotion and suggest that an upright posture may improve the recall of health information. This study is preliminary and more studies are needed to generalise the results to a patient population and to older adults. Future research could extend this study by investigating these effects on patient populations with a more distinct slumped posture, such as patients with depression
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Prevalence of Anxiety and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Adult Congenital Heart Disease Patiends Before and After Medical Procedures
No full textFull Text is available to authenticated members of The University of Auckland only.Adults living with congenital heart disease (CHD) require life-long cardiac surveillance, ongoing diagnostic procedures, and therapeutic interventions to preserve or improve cardiac function. The purpose of this study was to understand the prevalence of anxiety (state, general, procedural) and PTSD in adult CHD (ACHD) patients before and after medical procedures (echocardiogram, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cardiac catheterisation, cardiac surgery). The secondary objective was to explore whether any inequities exist in the prevalence of anxiety and PTSD between Maori and non-Maori ACHD patients.
A cross-sectional study consisting of 93 ACHD patients undergoing medical procedures (echocardiogram, cardiac MRI, cardiac catheterisation, cardiac surgery) was recruited using a convenience sampling technique from Auckland City Hospital and Greenlane Clinical Centre. An initial questionnaire was administered within 24 hours before their medical procedure, and the second questionnaire was administered six weeks after their medical procedure. The questionnaires assessed demographic and clinical information, and levels of state, general and procedural anxiety, PTSD, and confidence in coping with future medical procedures.
Approximately half (52%) of the total sample had an echocardiogram procedure, whereas 16% had a cardiac MRI, 17% had a cardiac catheterisation, and 15% had cardiac surgery. This study found that ACHD patients awaiting cardiac surgery experienced significantly higher levels of state anxiety than patients awaiting a cardiac MRI and higher levels of procedural anxiety than patients scheduled for an echocardiogram, cardiac MRI, or cardiac catheterisation. Levels of procedural anxiety in the ACHD cardiac surgery sample exceeded levels in a previous sample of patients awaiting a range of general surgeries. The cardiac surgery and cardiac catheterisation groups experienced the greatest reductions in state anxiety between pre- procedure and six weeks post-procedure. Levels of general anxiety were similar across time for all procedural groups. At pre-procedure, 56% of patients recalled experiencing a prior traumatic event during their lifetime, with 46% being related to their CHD. Levels of PTSD at six weeks post-procedure were similar for all procedural groups. State anxiety measured at pre- procedure predicted PTSD scores six weeks post-procedure. There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of state, general and procedural anxiety, and PTSD between non-Māori and Māori ACHD patients at pre-procedure and six weeks post-procedure. However, these results should be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size of Māori participants and the study being underpowered to detect ethnic differences. ACHD patients who had cardiac surgery were less confident in coping with another cardiac surgery in the future than ACHD patients in the echocardiogram group. Thematic analysis
revealed that patients had numerous thoughts and experienced positive and negative emotions before and after their cardiac procedure. The overarching themes of ‘positive emotions/no concern,’ ‘distress,’ and ‘concerns about logistics/planning’ were derived at pre-procedure. At six weeks post-procedure, the overarching themes of ‘relief of distress’ and ‘persistent distress and concern’ were identified.
The results support the general indication that while many CHD adults are functioning exceptionally well, there is a significant minority who experience poor psychosocial functioning. ACHD patients awaiting cardiac surgery were particularly anxious, experiencing higher state and procedural anxiety before their cardiac surgery than the other procedural groups (echocardiogram, cardiac MRI, cardiac catheterisation). ACHD care teams need to understand the prevalence of anxiety (state, general, procedural) and PTSD in ACHD patients before and after medical procedures, as identifying and treating anxiety before medical procedures may improve patients’ psychological and physical health outcomes
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