1,721,001 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Hereditary breast/ovarian cancer : implementation of BRCA1 and BRCA2 testing
No full textBreast cancer is the most common malignancy among women in the western world. Most cases are sporadic but in 5 to 10 % an inherited genetic mutation is the main cause of the disease. Families with inherited breast cancer are characterized by multiple breast cancer cases, early age of onset, frequently occurring bilaterality and in many families women affected by ovarian cancer are found. Two important genes involved in hereditary breast or breast/ovarian cancer have been identified, BRCA1 on chromosome 17q and BRCA2 on chromosome 13q The genes are suppose to be tumor suppressor genes and both are suggested to participate in DNA repair. The entire function of the two genes is not yet fully known. Families in which a mutated BRCA 1 or BRCA2 gene can be suspected are offered genetic screening. If a mutation is revealed, predictive testing in healthy family members is a possibility. Identified mutation carriers have a greatly increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer and are offered regular surveillance and preventive measures. Family members without the mutation can be relieved from substantial cancer worries for themselves and for their offspring.In order to estimate the contribution of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germ line mutations in different breast or breast/ovarian cancer families from the Stockholm region, three screening studies were performed. Initially no restriction with respect to age at onset was made, but when in 1997 the procedure was implemented into clinical practice age-related screening criteria were employed in families with breast cancer only in order to optimize the outcome. Different mutation screening methods were used and successively evaluated. Healthy members of families with a revealed mutation in a breast/ovarian or a hereditary colon cancer gene were offered genetic predictive testing. The Psycho-social consequences of pre-symptomatic testing were evaluated in a 15 month follow-up study.BRCA1 mutations were consistently found in one third of the breast/ovarian cancer families (Paper 1, 11 IV). In breast cancer-only families BRCA1 mutations were found 1-2 % (Paper I and II). When age- related screening criteria were introduced this figure increased to 7% and the criteria could be further limited in the breast cancer-only families without loss of sensitivity (Paper IV). More than 50% of the BRCA1 aberrations detected were one of three founder mutations, 2594deIC, 3166insTGAGA or 3745delT (Paper 1, 11 and IV). Tumors other than breast and ovarian cancers were not overrepresented in the BRCA1 families (Paper IV).BRCA2 mutations were found to be rare in the Stockholm region and consistently found in 1-2 % of the families despite limited screening criteria (Paper III and IV). No family with the common Icelandic BRCA2 founder mutation was found (Paper 111). In many breast-cancer-only families no mutations were found, and other genes than BRCA1 and BRCA2 are likely to segregate in the breast cancer families in the Stockholm region (Paper 1, 11, 11, and IV).Independent of the screening methods used in paper 1, 11, 111 and IV, the frequency of disease causing mutations were approximately identical. Toward the end of the project when the entire genes were sequenced automatically, only an expected moderately increased number of BRCA2 missense mutations were found (Paper IV).Predictive genetic testing for germ I ine mutations in the BRCA1, BRCA2 hMLH1 or hMSH2 genes, preceded by extensive information and surveillance did not impair mental health of the people at risk. The individual's response to the test result was not predicted by the presence or absence of a mutation. Non carriers may also benefit from follow-ups (Paper V).List of scientific papersI. Zelada-Hedman M, Wasteson Arver B, Claro A, Chen J, Werelius B, Kok H, Sandelin K, Hakansson S, Andersen TI, Borg A, Borresen Dale AL, Lindblom A (1997). "A screening for BRCA1 mutations in breast and breast-ovarian cancer families from the Stockholm region. " Cancer Res 57(12): 2474-7 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9192828II. Arver B, Claro A, Langerod A, Borresen-Dale AL, Lindblom A (1999). "BRCA1 screening in patients with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer. " Genet Test 3(2): 223-6 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10464672III. Chen J, Hedman MZ, Arver BW, Sigurdsson S, Eyfjord JE, Lindblom A (1998). "BRCA2 germline mutations in Swedish breast cancer families. " Eur J Hum Genet 6(2): 134-9 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9781057IV. Arver B, Borg A, Lindholm A (2001). "The first BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene testing implemented in the Health Care system of Stockholm." Genetic Testing 5: (In Print)V. Arver B, Haegermark A, Platten U, Lindholm A, Brandberg Y (2001). "An evaluation of psychosocial effects of presymptomatic testing for breast-ovarian and colon cancer prediposing genes, a 15 months follow up." (Submitted)</p
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
