196,470 research outputs found
Abuse at Abu G[hraib]
No full textSame document as DETAINEES- 1371 with the names M. C. Briese and Edward H. Lueckenhoff unredacted.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-10T14:30:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Effects of Smoking Specified as Cigarettes per Day and Maternal Body Mass Index on Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
No full textBackground: We have previously described the prevalence in pregnancy of hypertension, proteinuria, oedema and preeclampsia/eclampsia according to maternal body mass index (BMI) and smoking status. We found that these disorders were less frequent among smoking women. To investigate whether this relationship is causal or a chance finding, we here present an analysis according to BMI and smoking specified according to the number of cigarettes consumed per day. Materials and Methods: Data were from the German Perinatal Survey of 1998-2000. We classified women by BMI as underweight (BMI = 30 kg/m(2)). Smoking was categorised as being a non-smoker or smoking 1-7, 8-14 or >= 15 cigarettes per day. Datasets from 433 669 singleton pregnancies with information on maternal BMI and smoking were included in the analysis. Results: In all BMI categories hypertension, moderate to severe oedema, and preeclampsia/eclampsia became less prevalent with increasing maternal cigarette consumption. Dose-dependence was not convincing for proteinuria. Conclusions: Dose-dependence in the relationship between smoking and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy argues against a chance finding and for a causal relationship
Apgar-Scores, Duration of Pregnancy, Birth Weight, and Somatic Classification of Neonates 17th Communication: An Analysis of Newborns From Eight German Federal States Born between 1998 and 2000
No full textAim: We aimed to examine the impact of duration of pregnancy, birth weight, and the somatic classification of neonates - small for gestational age (SGA), appropriate for gestational age (AGA), or large for gestational age (LGA) - on rates of neonatal depression, as demonstrated by low Apgar scores (0-3). Methods: We analysed data from 508 926 singleton births in the years 1998-2000 from the perinatal statistics of eight German federal states (Bavaria, Brandenburg, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, Lower Saxony, Saxony, Saxony-An-halt, and Thuringia). For the somatic classification of neonates the 10th and 90th birth weight percentiles calculated from our dataset were used. We defined neonates with a birth weight Under the 10th percentile as SGA, those between the 10th and 90th birth weight percentiles as AGA, and those above the 90th percentile as LGA. Results: A low Apgar score (0-3) was observed in 37.3% of very early preterm infants (< 27 weeks' gestation) at 5 minutes and in 34.4% at 10 minutes. For term neonates, such low Apgar-scores were seen in only 0.2% (5-minute Apgar) and 0.1% (10-minute Apgar). An Apgar score of 0-3 was noted for 31.8% (5 minutes) and 29.2% (10 minutes) of extremely small neonates (< 999 g). Only 0.1% of neonates with a birth weight of 3500-3999 g or 4000-4499 g had a low Apgar score (0-3) (after both 5 and 10 minutes). Very early preterm infants classified as SGA or AGA were equally affected by low Apgar scores: 37.2% for both categories at 5 minutes, and 32.7% (SGA) and 34.3%(AGA) at 10 minutes. In very early preterm LGA infants the rates with low Apgar Scores were somewhat smaller: 31.3% (5 minutes) and 27.0% (10 minutes). The figures for early preterm (27-31 weeks' gestation) infants were: a low 5-minute Apgar score in 25.5% of cases (SGA), in 9.1% (AGA), and in 7.8% (LGA) and a low 10-minute Apgar score in 24.4% (SGA), 7.7% (AGA), and 7.0% (LGA). Conclusions: We confirm the association of low Apgar scores with preterm birth and low birth weight. SGA preterm infants are more commonly affected by low Apgar scores compared to AGA and especially LGA preterm infants
Age-Specific Preterm Birth Rates after Exclusion of Risk Factors – An Analysis of the German Perinatal Survey
No full textAim: A description of preterm birth rates - specified according to maternal age - after the exclusion of anamnestic risk factors. Material and Methods: Data for this study were taken from the German Perinatal Survey of 1998-2000. We analysed data from 492 576 single ton pregnancies and determined preterm birth rates according to maternal age after a stepwise exclusion of anamnestic risk factors. Results: There was a U-shaped dependence of preterm birth rates on maternal age. The low est preterm birth rate (without excluding women with anamnestic risk factors) was 5.6 % at a maternal age of 29 years. The prevalence of some anamnestic risk factors for preterm birth, such as previous stillbirths, spontaneous and induced abortions, and ectopic pregnancies, increased with maternal age. Excluding women with anam nestic risk factors lowered the preterm birth rates substantially. The lowest preterm birth rates were found in women with one previous live birth, without any anamnestic risk factors, and with a body mass index (BMI) of 25.00-29.99. With these restrictions, we found preterm birth rates of under 2 % for women aged 24-31 years. Conclusions: The magnitude and age-dependence of the preterm birth rate can to some extent be explained with the age-dependent prevalence of anamnestic risk factors for preterm birth. Excluding women with anamnestic risk factors from our study population lowered the preterm birth rates substantially
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Dr. Glendon Swarthout
No full textHosted by Roger M. Busfield, MSU Assistant Professor of Speech and Theater, Meet the Author is designed to introduce a general audience to a contemporary author and their work through in-depth interviews. This episode features a conversation between Dr. Glendon Swarthout, prolific author and English professor at MSU, and assistant professors Sam S. Baskett and Theodore B. Strandness
Angeborene Fehlbildungen - eine systematische Kohortenstudie aus Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
No full textAim: We aimed to set-up a passive malformations registry for 2002-2004 for the German Federal State of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in order to estimate the prevalence of congenital malformations among live births, stillbirths, miscarriages, and induced abortions. Population and study design: Under the guidance of the working group "Neonatology Mecklenburg-Vorpommern" a standardised malformations record form modelled after the Mainz registry was developed and used to record malformations among live births, stillbirths, miscarriages, and induced abortions in all 21 obstetric departments in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania between 2002 and 2004. We compared the population of neonates with malformations with a general population sample from the German Perinatal Survey of 1995 -1997. Results: There were 768 neonates with at least one major malformation among a total of 37 634 neonates in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania; this means that the prevalence of major malformations was 203.53 per 10 000 neonates. The prevalence of major malformations in liveborn infants was 178.61 per 10 000. The most common malformations in the total study population were ventricular septal defect (prevalence: 37.2 per 10 000), hydronephrosis (16.7 per 10 000), hypospadias (14.8 per 10 000), Down syndrome (10.1 per 10 000), and cleft lip and palate (9.0 per 10 000). Among the induced abortions the most common diagnoses were Down syndrome, anencephalus, Edwards syndrome, and congenital hydrocephalus. The preterm birth rate among the 637 liveborn and stillborn infants with malformations was 19.6%; 5.6% were born before 32 completed weeks of gestation. The small for gestational age rate for infants with malformations was 14.2% for girls and 14.5% for boys, thus increased compared with the general population sample (9.7%). Conclusions: Congenital malformations are important determinants of childhood morbidity and mortality. Malformation prevalence and types of malformations, along with morbidity and mortality, are important parameters in perinatal medicine. The establishment of active malformation registries is therefore an important task
The Combined Effect of Maternal Body Mass Index and Smoking Status on Perinatal Outcomes - An Analysis of the German Perinatal Survey
No full textBackground: Maternal body mass index (BMI) outside the normal range and smoking are both associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, but their interaction needs further investigation. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the combined effects of smoking and BMI on birth weight, preterm birth rate, the somatic development of neonates, and complications of pregnancy. Material and Methods: Data from 508 926 singleton pregnancies from the German Perinatal Survey of 1998-2000 were analysed according to maternal BMI and smoking. Results: Preterm birth rates were higher for non-smoking underweight (8.3%)and obese women (6.7%) than for normal weight (6.0%) or overweight women (5.6%); rates were higher in smokers than in non-smokers for every BMI category. The mean birth weight increased with increasing BMI and was decreased by smoking; it was 2 964 g in underweight smokers and 3 556 g in obese non-smokers. Small for gestational age (SGA) rates were least in obese women and highest in underweight women; large for gestational age (LGA) rates varied in the opposite direction. In smokers SGA rates were higher than in nonsmokers for every BMI category and LGA rates were always lower. Hypertension, proteinuria, oedema, and pre-eclampsia/eclampsia were more common as BMI increased but were always lower in smokers. Pre-eclampsia/eclampsia occurred in 0.7% of underweight smokers but in 9.6% of obese non-smokers. Conclusions: Smoking and low maternal BMI in combination can cause high rates of preterm birth and SGA neonates as well as low mean birth weight. Although smoking offers some apparent benefit regarding LGA rates and pre-eclampsia this should not distract from its overall adverse influence
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