9 research outputs found
A Gap Analysis of Airport Safety Using ICAO SMS Perspectives: A Field Study of Taiwan
Get PDFSafety is critical to the success of the aviation industry, and as it continues to develop worldwide and link more people and places, how aviation safety is standardized has been and will continue to be a global concern. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has developed a comprehensive framework for safety management at airlines and airports, known as Doc. 9859 Safety Management Manual (SMM). Safety Management Systems (SMS) have since been required to be implemented by all ICAO member states beginning January 2010. Taiwan, administered by the Republic of China (ROC), is in a unique position as a non-member state of ICAO that is strongly connected to the world’s aviation system. Using the Delphi Technique and convenient sampling, this research is a case study of how aviation safety is managed at a major international airport in Taiwan with respect to ICAO’s SMS standards. Interviews and focus groups were conducted with participants from three major organizations operating at the surveyed airport: air traffic controllers, the airport management company, and a ground services provider. Results found that despite Taiwan’s non-member status with ICAO, safety management was very consistent with ICAO SMS standards, especially in the areas this study focused on: safety policy and objectives, safety risk management, safety assurance, and safety promotion
Risk allocation between private parties in European Public-private partnerships for social infrastructure projects
No full textIn this research, a dichotomy between two different risk approaches is presented. One approach depicts risk management and a subpart of it, risk allocation, to be objective. The other approach contradicts this approach by stating that all stages of risk analysis, including its techniques involve subjectivity (Redmill, 2002). The ‘dual nature of risk’, which implies that risks are on the one hand, objectively given, and on the other hand subjective, mental constructs (Klinke & Renn, 2002), is investigated in this research. Based on case studies, a cross-case analysis and expert validation, conclusions and recommendations are given on which theoretical risk approach is applied in practice. Furthermore, a new risk allocation concept has been developed
Epstein-Barr virus dacryoadenitis as a complication of bone marrow transplant in a child with combined immunodeficiency
No full textExtended optical treatment versus early patching with an intensive patching regimen in children with amblyopia in Europe (EuPatch): a multicentre, randomised controlled trial
No full textBackground: amblyopia, the most common visual impairment of childhood, is a public health concern. An extended period of optical treatment before patching is recommended by the clinical guidelines of several countries. The aim of this study was to compare an intensive patching regimen, with and without extended optical treatment (EOT), in a randomised controlled trial.Methods: EuPatch was a randomised controlled trial conducted in 30 hospitals in the UK, Greece, Austria, Germany, and Switzerland. Children aged 3–8 years with newly detected, untreated amblyopia (defined as an interocular difference ≥0·30 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [logMAR] best corrected visual acuity [BCVA]) due to anisometropia, strabismus, or both were eligible. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) via a computer-generated sequence to either the EOT group (18 weeks of glasses use before patching) or to the early patching group (3 weeks of glasses use before patching), stratified for type and severity of amblyopia. All participants were initially prescribed an intensive patching regimen (10 h/day, 6 days per week), supplemented with motivational materials. The patching period was up to 24 weeks. Participants, parents or guardians, assessors, and the trial statistician were not masked to treatment allocation. The primary outcome was successful treatment (ie, ≤0·20 logMAR interocular difference in BCVA) after 12 weeks of patching. Two primary analyses were conducted: the main analysis included all participants, including those who dropped out, but excluded those who did not provide outcome data at week 12 and remained on the study; the other analysis imputed this missing data. All eligible and randomly assigned participants were assessed for adverse events. This study is registered with the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number registry (ISRCTN51712593) and is no longer recruiting.Findings: between June 20, 2013, and March 12, 2020, after exclusion of eight participants found ineligible after detailed screening, we randomly assigned 334 participants (170 to the EOT group and 164 to the early patching group), including 188 (56%) boys, 146 (44%) girls, and two (1%) participants whose sex was not recorded. 317 participants (158 in the EOT group and 159 in the early patching group) were analysed for the primary outcome without imputation of missing data (median follow-up time 42 weeks [IQR 42] in the EOT group vs 27 weeks [27] in the early patching group). 24 (14%) of 170 participants in the EOT group and ten (6%) of 164 in the early patching group were excluded or dropped out of the study, mostly due to loss to follow-up and withdrawal of consent; ten (6%) in the EOT group and three (2%) in the early patching group missed the 12 week visit but remained on the study. A higher proportion of participants in the early patching group had successful treatment (107 [67%] of 159) than those in the EOT group (86 [54%] of 158; 13% difference; p=0·019) after 12 weeks of patching. No serious adverse events related to the interventions occurred.Interpretation: the results from this trial indicate that early patching is more effective than EOT for the treatment of most children with amblyopia. Our findings also provide data for the personalisation of amblyopia treatments.Funding: Action Medical Research, NIHR Clinical Research Network, and Ulverscroft Foundation
Cooperative adaptive cruise control implementation of team mekar at the grand cooperative driving challenge
No full textTuran, Murat Can (Arel Author)This paper presents the cooperative adaptive cruise control implementation of Team Mekar at the Grand Cooperative Driving Challenge (GCDC). The Team Mekar vehicle used a dSpace microautobox for access to the vehicle controller area network bus and for control of the autonomous throttle intervention and the electric-motor-operated brake pedal. The vehicle was equipped with real-time kinematic Global Positioning System (RTK GPS) and an IEEE 802.11p modem installed in an onboard computer for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. The Team Mekar vehicle did not have an original-equipment-manufacturers-supplied adaptive cruise control (ACC). ACC/Cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) based on V2V-communicated GPS position/velocity and preceding vehicle acceleration feedforward were implemented in the Team Mekar vehicle. This paper presents experimental and simulation results of the Team Mekar CACC implementation, along with a discussion of the problems encountered during the GCDC cooperative mobility runs
Applying Bayesian networks to model uncertainty in project scheduling
No full textPhDRisk Management has become an important part of Project Management. In spite
of numerous advances in the field of Project Risk Management (PRM), handling
uncertainty in complex projects still remains a challenge. An important
component of Project Risk Management (PRM) is risk analysis, which attempts to
measure risk and its impact on different project parameters such as time, cost and
quality. By highlighting the trade-off between project parameters, the thesis
concentrates on project time management under uncertainty.
The earliest research incorporating uncertainty/risk in projects started in the late
1950’s. Since then, several techniques and tools have been introduced, and many
of them are widely used and applied throughout different industries. However,
they often fail to capture uncertainty properly and produce inaccurate, inconsistent
and unreliable results. This is evident from consistent problems of cost and
schedule overrun.
The thesis will argue that the simulation-based techniques, as the dominant and
state-of-the-art approach for modelling uncertainty in projects, suffers from
serious shortcomings. More advanced techniques are required.
Bayesian Networks (BNs), are a powerful technique for decision support under
uncertainty that have attracted a lot of attention in different fields. However,
applying BNs in project risk management is novel.
The thesis aims to show that BN modelling can improve project risk assessment.
A literature review explores the important limitations of the current practice of
project scheduling under uncertainty. A new model is proposed which applies
BNs for performing the famous Critical Path Method (CPM) calculation. The
model subsumes the benefits of CPM while adding BN capability to properly
capture different aspects of uncertainty in project scheduling
