179 research outputs found
Errors of Justice
No full textIn this book, Brian Forst takes a fresh perspective on the assessment of criminal justice policy, examining the prospect of assessing policies based on their impact on errors of justice: the error of failing to bring offenders to justice, on the one hand, and the error of imposing costs on innocent people and excessive costs on offenders, on the other. Noting that we have sophisticated systems for managing errors in statistical inference and quality control processes and no parallel system for managing errors of a more socially costly variety - on matters of guilt and innocence - the author lays the foundation for a common sense approach to the management of errors in the criminal justice system, from policing and prosecution to sentencing and corrections. He examines the sources of error in each sector, the harms they impose on society, and frameworks for analyzing and reducing them.</jats:p
JLS 710: Doctoral Seminar on Justice - course syllabus
No full text4 pages.Submitted by Angela Kim ([email protected]) on 2010-04-12T20:18:54Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
JLS 710 Doctoral Seminar on Justice_Brian Forst(4).pdf: 39838 bytes, checksum: 90767ebb2b3a9752dc8d508c85c954f5 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-12T20:18:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
JLS 710 Doctoral Seminar on Justice_Brian Forst(4).pdf: 39838 bytes, checksum: 90767ebb2b3a9752dc8d508c85c954f5 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2008-0
JLS 672-001: Terrorism, Crime and Public Policy - course syllabus
No full text4 pages.Submitted by Angela Kim ([email protected]) on 2010-02-03T17:14:38Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
JLS 672.001 Crime and Public Policy Brian Forst.pdf: 41674 bytes, checksum: f06b81a0d8ef7e7c36613e7a3003b964 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2010-02-03T17:14:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
JLS 672.001 Crime and Public Policy Brian Forst.pdf: 41674 bytes, checksum: f06b81a0d8ef7e7c36613e7a3003b964 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2009-0
JLS 672-001: Crime and Public Policy - course syllabus
No full text4 pages.Submitted by Angela Kim ([email protected]) on 2010-02-16T17:28:53Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
JLS 672.001 Crime and Public Policy Brian Forst.pdf: 41674 bytes, checksum: f06b81a0d8ef7e7c36613e7a3003b964 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2010-02-16T17:28:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
JLS 672.001 Crime and Public Policy Brian Forst.pdf: 41674 bytes, checksum: f06b81a0d8ef7e7c36613e7a3003b964 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2009-0
he Privatization and Civilianization of Policing
No full textThis essay examines recent shifts toward privatization and civilianization in policing. It focuses on the nature and dimensions of the
shifts, their precedents and causes, their advantages and dangers, and B their effects on five critical dimensions of policing: effectiveness,
cost, equity, choice, and legitimacy. These shifts, which have occurred over just 30 years or so, are contrasted with the centuries-long evolution of public policing and reliance on sworn officers to protect public safety that culminated in the 1960s.
Following a review of historical precedents that shaped the bound- aries between public and private security resources and between sworn and civilian alternatives, the essay examines a variety of prospective policies and reforms in both the public and private domains aimed at minimizing the potentially harmful aspects of privatization and civilianization: improving private security service through licensing and bonding of agents and agencies; reducing problems associated with public monopolization of policing through improved accountability systems and accreditation; improving procedures for screening, training, and managing civilian specialists; making more effective use of civil remedies for harms in both the public and private sectors; and finding ways to clarify roles and improve coordination among the public, private, and civilian components of policing.
The essay concludes with a look to the likely future of privatization and civilianization, including an identification of critical issues related to cur- rent trends and an examination of directions that appear most promising for improving service in both the public and private domains of policing
Rainer Forst leitor de John Rawls
No full textThe article aims to discuss the role that John Rawls' work has for Rainer Forst's theoretical project. It is about following the main readings that Forst performs about this author and discussing some consequences that can be inferred from them for his critical model. Thus, firstly, is discussed Forst's attempt to bring the criteria of reciprocity and universality, from his principle of justification, closer to Rawls', while accusing Rawls that his configuration of the original position attributes substantive contents to the principles of justice, which, in fact, could only be conceived as a fundamental principle of justification (I). Next, Forst's reading of the debate between Habermas and Rawls is observed, in order to extract an alternative to both. Again Forst makes a move to approach and criticize Rawls (II). In a third moment, another attempt to approach and overcome the work of Rawls is examined, but this time through the distinction between two images of justice (III). Finally, the article presents two general interpretations of these readings: that there are certain constants in the arguments that unite and that intend to overcome Rawls; and thatcontains possible problems with consequences that cause certain obstacles to his theory in its claim to becritical.O artigo visa discutir o papel que a obra de John Rawls possui para o projeto teórico de Rainer Forst. Trata-se de acompanharas principaisleituras que Forst realiza sobre esse autor e discutir algumas consequências que podem ser delas depreendidas para seu modelo crítico. Assim, em primeiro lugar, discute-se a tentativa de Forst em aproximar os critérios de reciprocidade e universalidade, de seu princípio de justificação, à teoria de Rawls, ao mesmo tempo em que acusa Rawls de que sua configuração da posição original atribui conteúdos substantivos aos princípios de justiça, que, na verdade, só poderiam ser concebidos comoum princípio fundamental de justificação (I). Em seguida, observa-se a leitura que Forst realiza sobre o debate entre Habermas e Rawls, a fim de extrair uma alternativa a ambos. Novamente Forst faz um movimento de aproximação e crítica a Rawls (II). Em um terceiro momento, examina-se outra tentativa de aproximação e superação à obra de Rawls, mas dessa vezatravés da distinção entre duas imagens da justiça(III). Por fim, o artigo apresenta duas interpretações gerais sobe essas leituras: que existem certas constantes nos argumentos que unem e que pretendem superar Rawls; e que contém possíveis problemas,com consequências que ocasionam certos entraves para sua teoriaem sua pretensão de ser crítica
Documenting Alcohol Use as a Risk Factor in Primary Care Practices in Alberta
No full textIntroduction:. Clinical guidelines for problem drinking and initiatives to improve patient data suggest that primary care physicians should be screening for and documenting alcohol use on a regular basis. The objectives of this research were to (1) Determine the proportion of patients with alcohol use documented in Electronic Medical Records (EMRs); (2) Determine the number of ways physicians document alcohol use and describe the patterns of alcohol documentation. Methods: Data were abstracted from the Wolf and Med Access EMR systems of 71 participating sentinel physicians in Alberta, Canada from March 1, 2003 to March 31, 2012. The EMR data were examined to determine the proportion of adults in the yearly contact group with alcohol use documented in the EMR risk factor fields. Analysis and Results: A content analysis was performed to code and analyze the various terms physicians used to document alcohol use in the EMR. A total of 62,727 patients’ EMR records were examined; of these only 12,548 (20%) had alcohol documented somewhere in their EMR data. Of all the alcohol documentation 75% occurred in the risk factor fields. Physicians used 1,178 unique text strings to characterize alcohol use. Alcohol documentation was categorized into six themes: alcohol screening tools; non-drinker status; ex-drinker status; alcohol use disorder status; quantification of alcohol use; qualitative description of alcohol use. Conclusions and Implications: EMR documentation of alcohol use is variable and inconsistent. It is difficult to understand individual patient alcohol risks, prognosis, and potential for comorbidity without standard entry and terminology. Improvements can be made to the systematic documentation of patient alcohol use by using standardized terms including standard data entry fields to describe alcohol risk factor information in order to produce more clinically meaningful data. Such improvements may produce more clinically meaningful data for practice management and prevention strategies
Ein Einbaumfund bei Forst an der Oberweser 1938
No full text"The last discovery of a dugout within the area bounded by the present-day borders of the rural district of Holzminden took place in the summer of 1938, creating a stir in the local press. After finding the dugout on the Holzminden side of the Weser, its discoverer pulled it across to the Hamelin-Pyrmont bank. As a result, two district archaeologists participated in the public discussion, each contributing several newspaper articles. The find was finally put in storage in Holzminden and forgotten in the course of the war. In December 1949 it once again became the subject of a debate, having evidently been burned for heat during a cold post-war winter. An anonymous author blamed the loss on an alleged dispute between the districts of Hamelin-Pyrmont and Holzminden over the rights to the vessel, evoking strong reactions from the district archaeologists involved. The reports as well as statements, photographs and drawings originating in the summer of 1938 provide information on the condition of the lost dugout. The sources also shed light on the state of theory and practice in a field of research that was still in its infancy while at the same time being ideologically overladen. In view of the more recent research carried out by Detlev Elmers and Christian Hirte, the interpretations of the 1930s - according to which the dugout of Forst was used as an independent vessel - can no longer be upheld. On the basis of the more recent studies, the 480-cm-long, 52-cm-wide dugout of Forst is more likely to have been the floating body of a Weser ferry. Yet unlike the other known floating elements of Weser ferries, the dugout of Forst exhibits massive ends, a feature which does not occur elsewhere. Due to the vessel's loss, the questions as to its age and type of wood will remain unanswered." (author's abstract
POLIS: a probabilistic summarisation logic for structured documents
No full textPhDAs the availability of structured documents, formatted in markup languages such as SGML, RDF,
or XML, increases, retrieval systems increasingly focus on the retrieval of document-elements,
rather than entire documents. Additionally, abstraction layers in the form of formalised retrieval
logics have allowed developers to include search facilities into numerous applications, without
the need of having detailed knowledge of retrieval models.
Although automatic document summarisation has been recognised as a useful tool for reducing
the workload of information system users, very few such abstraction layers have been developed
for the task of automatic document summarisation. This thesis describes the development
of an abstraction logic for summarisation, called POLIS, which provides users (such as developers
or knowledge engineers) with a high-level access to summarisation facilities. Furthermore,
POLIS allows users to exploit the hierarchical information provided by structured documents.
The development of POLIS is carried out in a step-by-step way. We start by defining a series
of probabilistic summarisation models, which provide weights to document-elements at a user
selected level. These summarisation models are those accessible through POLIS. The formal
definition of POLIS is performed in three steps. We start by providing a syntax for POLIS,
through which users/knowledge engineers interact with the logic. This is followed by a definition
of the logics semantics. Finally, we provide details of an implementation of POLIS.
The final chapters of this dissertation are concerned with the evaluation of POLIS, which is
conducted in two stages. Firstly, we evaluate the performance of the summarisation models by
applying POLIS to two test collections, the DUC AQUAINT corpus, and the INEX IEEE corpus.
This is followed by application scenarios for POLIS, in which we discuss how POLIS can be used in specific IR tasks
- …
