1,720,970 research outputs found
L'informazione acustica come modello per l'esecuzione di gesti motori complessi: lo swing nel golf.
No full textIntroduzione. Nella letteratura, il timing viene descritto come una componente profonda dei programmi motori ed è un elemento fondamentale nella pianificazione dei movimenti volontari. C'è un generale accordo sull'influenza dell'informazione acustica sul timing nell'esecuzione di movimenti specifici. La stimolazione acustica è stata infatti spesso usata per standardizzare e migliorare la prestazione motoria. Il ritmo consente una rappresentazione mentale del timing dell’azione motoria ed è strettamente connesso all’esperienza motoria individuale dell’esecutore, individuando uno specifico modello di riferimento.
Nel presente studio si è indagata l'influenza dell'uso di modelli per il timing basati su diverse informazioni percettive sulla programmazione motoria di un gesto tecnico complesso quale lo swing nel golf.
Metodo. Si sono voluti confrontare gli effetti sulla prestazione in 3 condizioni di stimolazione: a. stimolazione uditiva associata con la migliore prestazione individuale (condizione acustica), b. stimolazione visiva associata con la migliore prestazione individuale (condizione visiva) e c. assenza di stimolazione (condizione di controllo). 12 golfisti esperti hanno partecipato allo studio, tutti sono stati sottoposti alle 3 condizioni in ordine controbilanciato prima dell'esecuzione del gesto.
Risultati. La condizione acustica porta a una prestazione migliore rispetto alle altre 2 condizioni. Il modello acustico migliora la capacità dei golfisti di arrivare vicino alla buca e riduce drasticamente la variabilità nella lunghezza dei tiri.
Conclusioni. L'informazione acustica fornisce il timing per riprodurre un programma motorio con caratteristiche simili al modello di riferimento, migliorando così la prestazione. Da un punto di vista applicativo i risultati emersi indicano possibili sviluppi di metodologie semplici ed efficaci per l'apprendimento e per il miglioramento del gesto tecnico nel golf
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Applicazione di modelli acustico-visivi per il miglioramento della prestazione nel golf.
No full textMotor pattern recognition by sound: A Gestalt unit for golf swing?
No full textIt has been shown, that humans are able to recognize their own movement by watching light-point displays. Other studies demonstrated, that acoustic stimuli can influence relative timing (RT) as well as overall duration (OD) of voluntary motor production and it suggests, that acoustic perception can provide a temporal motor representation of movements. In this study, we examined whether golfers are able to discriminate between the sounds associated to their own movements and those associated to other golfers. We recorded the sounds produced by athletes in sixty-five meters shots and used these tracks to create five stimuli, in which overall duration and relative timing were manipulated. The task of the subjects was to say whether each sound corresponded to his/her swing. We presented to each golfer auditory tracks corresponding to their own movement, and other golfers’ tracks having an equal RT and OD, an equal RT and different OD, a different RT and equal OD, or a different RT and OD. Results showed that golfers are able to recognize their own sounds. They wrongly recognize as their own sound the sound of other athletes having equal relative timing and overall duration. However, these conditions significantly differ from each other. These outcomes suggest, that temporal features are very important in sound recognition, but probably also other information is embedded in the sound. Results are consistent with a gestalt unit hypothesis for human movement
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Applicazione di modelli acustico-visivi per il miglioramento della prestazione nel golf.
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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