1,720,978 research outputs found
Navigating policy transfer from international organizations to single states: the case of marine spatial planning adoption in Colombia
No full textMarine Spatial Planning (MSP) is being widely adopted as a policy instrument for sustainable marine governance. The international organization IOC-UNESCO is one of its main promoters among the Global South countries. Given the relevance of MSP, it is of utmost importance to understand the policy transfer process from IOC-UNESCO to individual states. The study uses policy transfer theory with elements of process tracing to describe and explain the process of MSP transfer and adoption, with a particular focus on Colombia. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the determining factors of domestic and international character, and of the underlying causal mechanisms. The study finds learning from narratives to be the main causal mechanism for policy transfer; the international factors as necessary for it to happen, whereas the domestic factors, such as past policy experiences and inter-sectoral dynamics, as determining for the policy transfer pace and the adopted content
Zivilgesellschaftliche Akteure in Global-Governance-Prozessen: Handlungsmöglichkeiten und Problemlösungskonzeptionen von Advocacy NGOs im Klimaregime der UN nach Inkrafttreten des Kyoto-Protokolls
Full text linkDie Dissertation wirft die folgende Frage auf: Welche Handlungsmöglichkeiten bestehen für zivilgesellschaftliche Akteure im Klimaregime der UN und welche Problemlösungskonzeptionen entwickeln sie dabei? Die Untersuchung konzentriert sich dabei explizit auf das Handeln von Advocacy NGOs. Der theoretische Zugang der Arbeit basiert auf einem konstruktivistischen Theorieansatz. Dieser akteurszentrierte Ansatz wird ergänzt durch eine institutionalistisch geprägte Governance-Perspektive mit Rückgriff auf das Konzept der Global Governance. Das methodische Vorgehen der Arbeit zeichnet sich durch ein qualitatives Forschungsdesign aus. Die empirische Untersuchung fokussiert auf den Zeitraum seit Inkrafttreten des Kyoto-Protokolls am 16.02.2005 bis zur Weltklimakonferenz im Dezember 2007 auf Bali
Digital Sustainability Education - Potential, Development Trends and Good Practices
Full text linkDigital sustainability education (DSE) is becoming increasingly relevant in higher Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and spreads globally. DSE is fueled by the Covid-19-pandemic and urges lecturers, students and universities alike to break new ground in academic teaching. DSE impacts established approaches to ESD and raises questions of appropriate online teaching concepts, tools and enabling institutional, legal and political conditions. While lecturers are facing the challenge to conceptualize and implement innovative DSE concepts, students have to deal with new learning dynamics, requirements and obstacles. More and more universities are committed to or called upon to build enabling infrastructures for the spread and institutionalization of DSE. This working paper discusses core objectives and contextual conditions of DSE and sheds light on political, conceptual and didactical issues. It presents the outcomes of the online workshop “Digital Sustainability Education: Innovative Teaching Practices and Didactics in Times of Crisis” co-hosted by the Center for international Development and Environmental Research (ZEU) at Justus Liebig University Giessen and the Working Group Environmental Politics and Global Change of the German Political Science Association (25 – 26 March 2021). The paper maps eight good practice DSE teaching examples developed by lecturers from universities from different countries, introduces a toolbox and provides insights into individual and collective lessons learned. In doing so, the working paper contributes to current conceptual and political discussions on DSE and seeks to provide practical orientation for everyone engaged in the dynamic DSE field and university teaching in general
History and Heritage in Hoi An, Vietnam: Options for Sustainable Cultural Heritage Tourism for a UNESCO World Heritage Site
Full text linkThis thesis is concerned with the historical and cultural potential of Hoi An ancient town in Vietnam. It is one of the main factors in developing the current alternative forms of tourism in Hoi An, especially, sustainable cultural heritage tourism. There are many reasons for choosing this mentioned in chapters 4 and 5. This viewpoint is also suggested by Ismagilova et al., (2015), who emphasized historical heritage become an important resource for tourism development. Specifically, among the community capitals, historical and cultural heritage, and knowledge-experience of the local community are the most important assets that are explored as a way to recover the economy, society, and culture of Hoi An and develop this region toward tourism sustainability.
To achieve a more complete picture, this work determined what and how aspects of historical and cultural heritage will be portrayed and used in tourism growth; identifying the perspectives of relevant stakeholders concerning the effects of tourism, their involvement, collaboration and support as well as the challenges of sustainable cultural heritage tourism development in Hoi An, Vietnam. This thesis employed semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders and observation methods combined with secondary data sources, which provide a wealth of meaningful data and create in-depth insights.
Globally, the concept of sustainable development is not a novel topic. However, in Vietnam, this concept has not been used to link to cultural heritage tourism development. The situation in which residents are frequently excluded from tourism development plans and their voices are not heard in tourism activities is widespread in developing countries like Vietnam. This study, therefore, investigates stakeholders' perspectives on participation in sustainable heritage tourism activities in Hoi An.
Also, this study used the qualitative content analysis method to analyse respondents’ responses. The results showed that most of the interviewees perceived Hoi An has rich cultural, natural and historical resources. Hoi An has focused on specific historical and cultural assets to become tourism products for tourists.
Respondents clearly realized tourism has impacted themselves and their family members. It also brought benefits to the local Hoi An community with various emphases. For example, tourism has a significant contribution to local economic growth, provides employment opportunities for people, raises awareness of cultural and historical assets and increases environmental awareness (see moredetails in Table 6.2). In addition, they indicated that tourism caused negative effects on destination communities such as air and noise pollution; increased cost of living and commodity prices, traffic congestion, commercialization of traditional culture and local cultural changes, etc. Their perceptions demonstrated main points such as at the on-site management level, there is an unequal distribution of economic benefits from tourism activities as a result of 'political inequality' (Huy, 2021). Moreover, the focus of support for the development of tourism from local stakeholders is mainly oriented towards economic advantages rather than socio-cultural benefits. These factors affected the participation of local communities in tourism development.
The findings showed that the involvement of relevant stakeholders in the activities of tourism in Hoi An, Vietnam took a top-down approach without much structural support for local involvement; the voices of relevant stakeholders are often not heard in the process of decision-making and tourism strategy due to the political system and socio-cultural constraints, which hamper application of bottom-up participation approach in tourism development.
The results show that different degrees of local people's engagement in tourism practice thereby affecting their perception of sustainable heritage tourism on the development of the host community. To some extent, residents' involvement in the Vietnamese context in general and Hoi An, in particular, is more procedural than substantive. The results also indicated that collaboration between stakeholder groups in the development of tourism is currently very limited, even among local authorities. Thus, it is difficult to build trust and share a joint vision among relevant stakeholders. These factors also have significantly influenced the development of sustainable cultural tourism in Hoi An. There are many causes for this problem as discussed in section 6.3.
The results suggest that Hoi An has the potential to achieve several interconnected Sustainable Development Goals via tourism development, such as tourism offers great opportunities to promote local historical and cultural assets to the world as well as preserves these resources (SDG11), etc (see more in detail in section 6.1 and 8.2).
The thesis suggests sustainable indicators of heritage tourism development for Hoi An based on the perspectives of relevant stakeholders (see Table 7.1). It is also underpinned by a conceptual framework (chapter 2) that includes three key dimensions of tourism sustainability: economic, social-cultural, and environmental aspects. Bringing together all related indicators that are more particular and oriented to the lives and aspirations of local people, the framework aim is to employ historical and cultural assets as sustainable tourism products and conceptualise cultural heritage tourism as a tool for Hoi An toward sustainable development from a local community perspective.
The important contribution of this thesis is to develop sustainable cultural heritage tourism for a specific destination, highlighting the importance of local historical and cultural resources. It emphasizes the need to understand the local community's perspective on this form of tourism and uses qualitative content analysis in a heritage tourism context. The local community is at the heart of any destination and the key to obtaining more sustainable tourism development. The holistic view of the local community on this phenomenon is beneficial for local governments, destination managers and policymakers to develop policies and strategies for tourism and enhance community involvement in sustainable tourism development.
This study contributes to increasing the awareness of relevant stakeholders about the sustainable tourism development concept, cultural heritage tourism and potential historical assets to support the strategy for Hoi An to develop tourism. Namely, this thesis is to link history, tourism and, the knowledge of cultural heritage tourism to sustainable development; to show how stakeholder theory and collaboration theory are employed at a particular heritage tourism destination.
Last but not least, the study suggests that more attention should be paid to the socio-psychological of the local community in order to meet their needs, interests and aspirations as well as raise awareness of the concept of sustainable cultural heritage tourism among related stakeholders. A participatory approach should be implemented step-by-step according to the existing aspects of the local community, allowing the sustainable cultural heritage tourism project to succeed in practice
Möglichkeiten zur Unterstützung der Theoriebildung in der Politikwissenschaft durch das TOSCANA-System : Politische Steuerung technikinduzierter Problemstellungen; Abschlussbericht
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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