1,720,996 research outputs found
In defence of meaningful work as a public policy concern
No full textBreen critically examines the arguments put forward by those for whom ethical considerations either do not play or should not play a role in modern politics. Breen challenges three distinct claims to the effect that the demand for meaningful work, grounded upon an ethical ideal of such work as partly constitutive of a good human life, is either not a significant, a feasible, or an acceptable concern of public policy in liberal capitalist societies. Based on a detailed examination of the work of Jürgen Habermas, Will Kymlicka, and Alasdair MacIntyre, among others, as well as a thorough analysis of the possibilities for meaningful work in modern economic contexts, Breen provides a timely analysis of the place of ethics in both politics and philosophy.<br/
Whither work? The politics and ethics of contemporary work
No full textThis introductory chapter explores the question ‘Whither Work?’ in our present times. It addresses the key political and ethical challenges underpinning that question, in particular what work might look like in a post-growth world; the implications of financialized capitalism, the platform economy, and automation for the future of work; the effects of precarization on workers and how these effects might be countered; and the possibilities for freedom in our working lives. Its main argument is that work remains vitally important, but also that we need a new work ethic, one which better fits human needs. The chapter ends with a review of each contribution to the book
Introduction: A Postnationalist Era?
No full textThis volume explores the various ways in which the nation-state as an organizational structure and nationalism as a motivating ideology are challenged by contemporary political realities, and how these challenges can be met. Nationalism has, of course, been a dominant political ideal for a very long time now. The received and still prevalent conceptualization of this ideal is that the state and the nation should cohere within a single, sovereign territory and that the nation-state thereby constituted should express, and ensure the continued expression of, a determinate national culture or identity. There have been many defenders of this ideal. For Mill (1861), for example, nationalism conceived in this manner was a basic condition of representative government, since only nationalism could ensure the development of the ‘fellow-feeling’ or unifying culture necessary for the functioning of such government. Many have also argued that nationalism is a requirement of modern industrial societies, since the common, homogeneous culture it helped generate proved decisive in the rise of an educated workforce essential for technological advancement, economic growth, prosperity, and progress generally (Gellner, 1983)
Workplace Democracy and Republican Freedom
No full textForthcoming 9 July 2021 https://www.routledge.com/The-Politics-and-Ethics-of-Contemporary-Work-Whither-Work/Breen-Deranty/p/book/9780367198114In their chapter, Keith Breen and Onni Hirvonen examine the case for democratic worker voice based on the republican ideal of freedom as non-domination. While not unconvincing, this case is primarily consequentialist in character and therefore open to significant empirical disagreement. Indeed, together with republican arguments for democratic worker voice, there are republican arguments for worker voice that reject workplace democracy, republican arguments that see state regulation plus a UBI as sufficient for minimizing workplace domination, and republican arguments that focus exclusively on exit rights and are hostile to augmenting workers’ voice. Breen and Hirvonen claim this policy indeterminacy stems from a restriction by republicans of the ideal of freedom to the dimension of non-domination alone. If we expand our understanding of freedom to include worker autonomy—a dimension of freedom underpinning the ‘expressive egalitarianism’ definitive of republican citizenship, properly understood—we can arrive at a more robust freedom-based case for workplace democracy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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