1,721,016 research outputs found
Typology approach from visual interpretation of satellite imagery for reef passages around 9 South Pacific islands
No full textData was collected as part of the SOCPacific project. Dealing with challenges of the pandemic and travel restrictions, project participants aimed to develop a typology of reef passages based on visual interpretation of freely available satellite imagery. Nine islands of different sizes and shapes surrounded by coral reef structures were selected based on previous field expertise. Reef passages were mapped in GoogleEarth and further processed in QGIS (version 3.16) and R (version 3.5.3). In addition, outlines for the selected islands were downloaded from the GADM database (gadm.org). Parameters distance to coast, minimal width of the passage and the assigned type were added to the dataset. Passages were assigned one of three types defined in Breckwoldt et al. (2022) - Coastal, Lagoon or Open Ocean - depending on the geomorphological appearance of the reef and distance to the coast. The CRS of the dataset is WGS84
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Beurteilung des Zustandes und der Auswirkungen der handwerklichen Rifffischerei und ihrer Bewirtschaftungsimplikationen in der kenianischen Südküste
No full textArtisanal fisheries of tropical waters are estimated to harvest about 25% of the world s fisheries catch. Despite this importance, a majority of tropical fish stocks remain unassessed and poorly managed. Reasons include a severe under-reporting of catches or the lack of reliable information of the fishery. With the growing concern over overexploitation and the challenge to assess fisheries status in these data-limited situations, a suit of assessment approaches have been proposed. In this study, we explore the usefulness of these data-limited approaches for the multi-species and multi-gear fishery of the Kenyan coast. The primary objective was to evaluate the current level and impacts of the fishery at the species and ecosystem level and to revise current management measures. In a first step, we used the Schaefer and Fox production models to estimate the sustainable catch and effort limits of the pooled catches for the entire coastal fishery and also explored possible changes in the mean trophic level of the catch by analysing officially reported time series data over sixty years. The results indicate that the current fish extraction and effort surpass sustainable limits (MSY) and that the mean trophic level of the catch has continuously declined over the years. In a second step, the size structure of currently obtained catches from the multi-gear fishery was studied based on a case study area of the Kenyan South coast. Results reveal that the multi-species fisheriesa catches are dominated by small to medium-sized species and individuals. While these finding may indicate an unsustainable fishery, where older and larger fish have been serially depleted from the stock leading to a truncation of the size structure of the aggregated catches and a critical removal of large spawners, it is also possible that the observed pattern has emerged because of a fishers shift towards the smaller, more abundant and productive elements of the fished community. In this context, it is important to mention that catches from different gears overlap in species and sizes but also differ due to gear selectivity and spatial differences in gear use (inshore shallow lagoon versus more offshore waters). In a third step, the exploitation rates of the four commercially most important target species of the fishery were determined using lengtha based single-species stock assessment approaches. Results suggest moderate to high mean exploitation rates for all species with low spawning potential ratios, supporting the results of the above analysis of an unsustainable fishery, with some species experiencing both growth and recruitment overfishing. In a fourth step, results from the single-species stock assessment were compared to those obtained from a holistic trophic model constructed for the study area. The results from the latter suggest that the system is in a perturbed (immature) state, likely due to the very intense resource exploitation. Overall catch volumes are relatively low (4.6 t Km-2 year-1), and comparable to other intensively exploited coastal and coral reef ecosystems of the world. Our findings reveal that it may not be sufficient to rely on the current single-species management approaches such as gear restrictions and size limits for sustaining this multi-species fishery. Instead, control and reduction of the fishing effort and the establishment of specific areas closed to some fisheries may be needed if sustainable, ecosystem-based management is to be achieved. This should be done while considering the fishing impacts, the economic and social benefits within the ecosystem context
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Fishing for Human Perceptions in Coastal and Island Marine Resource Use Systems, 2nd Edition
No full textThis eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contac
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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