496 research outputs found
Supplemental Material, Appendices - Ethnic Group Differences in Dietary Diversity of School-Aged Children in Indonesia: The Roles of Gender and Household SES
No full textSupplemental Material, Appendices for Ethnic Group Differences in Dietary Diversity of School-Aged Children in Indonesia: The Roles of Gender and Household SES by Yohanes Sondang Kunto and Hilde Bras in Food and Nutrition Bulletin</p
African Histories of Population and Health:A Plea for an Integrated Approach
No full textIntegrated approach needed to understand colonial legacy for demographic developmentsIn order to understand the causes of population developments in Africa, it is necessary to examine the influences of the colonial era on the different parts of the continent. This is what Hilde Bras advocates in her inaugural lecture on Friday, May 26. She argues that the analysis of population figures – the field of historical demography – should go hand in hand with a more detailed study of medical and nursing practices – the field of medical and health history.The world's population has recently passed 8 billion people. Although growth is slowing, numbers will continue to rise at least until the end of this century. Most of this growth will take place in sub-Saharan Africa. Africa's population has increased from 179 million in 1950 to 1.2 billion today, and is expected to grow to 4 billion by 2100, a more than twenty-fold increase in 150 years. Not only this remarkable growth of the total population must be explained, but also the considerable variation therein across different parts of the continent.In her inaugural lecture, Bras argues that a long-term vision is essential to better understand population developments in Africa in all their variation. Understanding the influence of colonial governance and the Christian mission is necessary to explain the demographic transitions. This roughly concerns the period between the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the sixties, when most African countries were under European rule.Professor Bras advocates an integrated approach that combines the fields of 'historical demography' and the 'history of medicine, health and healing'. Figures acquire more analytical value when they go together with a more qualitative analysis of new sources such as mission diaries, interviews and photography through which the African inhabitants of the continent and their views on health and reproduction are given a voice and a face
De plek in de kinderrij. Geboortepositie en huwelijkstiming in vijf Nederlandse provincies, 1840-1922
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Family Systems and Fertility: Fertility Behaviour in Europe from a Network Perspective
Get PDFItem does not contain fulltextWageningen University, 01 juni 2016Promotores : Bras, H.A.J., Kok, J.270 p
Planning policy instruments for resilient urban redevelopment: The case of office conversions in Rotterdam, the Netherlands
No full textThis chapter considers resilient urban redevelopment as the ability of public and private stakeholders to respond to changes in real estate market demand by adopting existing offices to new usages. It explores the various conceptual planning policy instruments that could assist in realising resilient urban redevelopment. Additionally, the effectiveness of such planning policy instruments is demonstrated by case study examples from the city of Rotterdam in the Netherlands. The effectiveness of achieving urban resilience through office conversions based on the use of policy instruments is a difficult and complex matter to assess. The Rotterdam covenant, in terms of discipline, is in the ‘legal’ policy instrument category. The chapter concludes with some comparative case study lessons for policymakers and general conclusions for research on resilient urban redevelopment.Accepted Author ManuscriptUrban Development ManagementReal Estate ManagementBuilding La
Book presentation: Jeanne Boden, Chinese Propaganda Seducing the World
No full textWaterstones Brussels is delighted to welcome author Dr Jeanne Boden of ChinaConduct and Professor Hilde Van Gelder of KU Leuven, Lieven Gevaert Centre to present the new book:
Chinese Propaganda Seducing the World.
Friday 26th April from 5pm until 7pm.
A short presentation will be followed by questions and an opportunity to discuss China’s new international influence.status: Publishe
Exergaming improves balance in children with spastic cerebral palsy with low balance performance: results from a multicenter controlled trial
No full textPurpose: Previous studies investigating the effectiveness of exergame balance-training (using video-games) in children with cerebral palsy (CP) yielded inconsistent results that could be related to underpowered studies. Therefore, in this multicenter intervention study, we investigated whether exergaming improves balance clinically in spastic CP. Materials and methods: In total, 35 children with unilateral or bilateral spastic CP (GMFCS-level I–II) were included (age-range: 7–16 years); 16 at VUMC (trial: NTR6034), 19 at UHG (trial: NCT03219112). All participants received care as usual. The intervention group (n = 24) additionally performed exergame-training; 6–8 weeks home-based X-box One Kinect training focused on balance. Balance performance was assessed with the pediatric balance scale (PBS) and two subscales of the Bruininks–Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2nd edition (“balance” [BOTbal] and “running speed and agility” [BOTrsa]). Mixed model ANOVAs with between and within factors were used to test differences between and within groups. Results: On group level, no post-intervention differences were found between the intervention and control group (PBS: p = 0.248, ηp2 = 0.040; BOTbal: p = 0.374, ηp2 = 0.024; BOTrsa: p = 0.841, ηp2 = 0.001). Distribution of CP-symptoms (unilateral versus bilateral) did not affect training (PBS: p = 0.373, ηp2 = 0.036; BOTbal: p = 0.127, ηp2 = 0.103; BOTrsa: p = 0.474, ηp2 = 0.024). Children with low baseline balance performance (based on PBS) in the intervention group showed improvements in balance performance after training (PBS: p = 0.003, ηp2 = 0.304; BOTbal: p = 0.008, ηp2 = 0.258), whereas children with high baseline balance performance did not. Conclusions: This exergame-training resulted in balance improvements for the current population of CP that had a low baseline function.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Exergame-training (training using video-games) shows mixed results in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Children with spastic CP (GMFCS level I–II) with a high baseline balance-level did not show functional balance improvements after this home-based exergame-training, suggesting that these children should not be enrolled in this type of exergame-training protocol. Children with spastic CP (GMFCS level I–II) with a low baseline balance-level showed clinically relevant functional balance improvements after this home-based exergame-training, suggesting that these children can benefit from enrolment in this type of exergame-training protocol to improve their balance. The distribution of CP-symptoms did not affect the effectiveness of this balance exergame-training in children with spastic CP with GMFCS-level I and II
Heterogeneity in 'High Fertility' Societies:Insights from Compositional Demography
Get PDFDemographic transition theory has been conducive to a rather dichotomous view of global fertility: traditional versus modern, high versus low fertility. The knowledge that high fertility could be achieved by subpopulations with different characteristics and reproductive behaviors somehow vanished from (historical) demographers' attention. This study unpacks heterogeneity in a 'high fertility' society, i.e. 19th-century Zeeland, the Netherlands. Sequence and cluster analysis were employed to distinguish groups with disparate reproductivetrajectories with data from Genlias/LINKS including 15,014 full birth histories and 87,204 observed live births over the period 1811–1911. Multilevel binomial logistic regression models of membership of the two discerned high fertility subgroups were then estimated. The 'Traditional 1' subpopulation, with 10.5children per woman on average, was composed of skilled, unskilled, and farm workers living in rural areas. Couples married early and were characterized by large spousal age gaps. The 'Traditional 2' subpopulation had on average 7.2 children per woman, more often lived in towns, married significantly later, and had more equal gender relations. Compositional demography, revealing subpopulations with divergent cultures of marital self-restraint and reproductive management, not only nuances previous (historical) demographic findings, but may well offer more tools to develop family planning and reproductive health policies than the demographic transition model does
Conversion Potential Assessment Tools
No full textBuilding owners and other stakeholders can adopt different strategies to cope with vacancy, such as consolidation, rent reduction, selling the building, renovation, transformation and conversion to adapted reuse, or demolish and build a new building. This chapter discusses various tools to cope with vacancy by adaptive reuse. It presents an overview of the many factors and aspects that enable or hinder adaptive reuse by conversion of (office) buildings into housing, and how to assess the characteristics of the market, location, building and involved stakeholders. Furthermore, it presents the Conversion Meter, a tool to assess the conversion potential of vacant office buildings into housing. The tool is built up from a first quick scan using veto criteria (Step 1) till a more detailed scan of the conversion potential based on gradual criteria (Step 2). No single gradual criterion is sufficient to decide if conversion is possible or not; it is the combination of all criteria i.e. the sum that provides a valuable indicator for the conversion potential. Step 3 calculates a conversion potential score as a weighted sum of all criteria. Step 4 is a scan on financial feasibility. The final Step 5 is a check on possible risks and opportunities to eliminate these risks. The chapter continues with lessons learned from case studies by applying the Conversion Meter.Accepted Author ManuscriptDesign & Construction ManagementReal Estate Managemen
Spatial differences in cultural beliefs and fertility in the Netherlands
No full textSince the "Princeton European Fertility Project" a central question has been how culture has influenced the historical fertility transition. To answer this question, previous historical-demographic research has looked in particular at differences in fertility between denominations. However, the role of specific cultural beliefs and practices has hardly been explored. On the basis of a unique folklore questionnaire from the Meertens Institute from 1941, I map semi-religious practices and beliefs about childbirth in more than a thousand Dutch rural municipalities and investigate the connection with fertility. The results show that in the 1940s in almost a quarter of all municipalities women were isolated for a period after childbirth. The practice of "first church attendance" took place among Catholics in 68% and among Protestants in 31% of the municipalities. Belief in the bewitching of newborns was still alive in 8% of the surveyed communities. The municipalities where popular beliefs occurred were strongly clustered along the Bible Belt and in East North-Brabant. In the places where belief in bewitching and "first church attendance" occurred among Catholics, birth rates were significantly higher than in other rural municipalities, even after controlling for the religious composition of the population. The semi-religious beliefs studied appear to be more common in isolated, close-knit communities characterized by steadfastness and a fatalistic attitude to life. The values and norms in these "communication communities" are transmitted intergenerationally and result in specific spatial patterns of social and demographic behavior that have a great historical continuity. The spread of the most important flashpoints during the Covid-19 pandemic (East Brabant and the Bible Belt) is also an example of this. This essay therefore argues for the integration of cultural beliefs, and their spatial anchoring, into demographic and health research and policy
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