1,721,073 research outputs found
The Russian Aid to Byzantium during the Turkish Siege of Constantinople, 1394–1402
No full textAfter securing their first fortress on European soil in 1352, the Ottomans rapidly expanded throughout the Eastern Balkans. Due to the unfavourable internal situation, the Christian Balkan states did not possess a sufficient force to defend themselves, and the Byzantine Emperor Manuel II Palaiologos had to rely on his diplomatic skills to and personally visited Western Europe in order to acquire an alliance against the Muslim enemy. However, The Emperor did not dispatch diplomatic missions only to the West but to the lands of Rus’ as well. In contrast to the western embassies, the prestige and position of the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople also played a significant role — the patriarch addressed a letter to Vasily I Dmitriyevich, the Grand Prince of Moscow, together with Manuel II. The purpose of this mission was probably not to sign a treaty of alliance but rather ask for a financial assistance. This goal was sufficiently fulfilled — the Grand Prince of Moscow and princes of Ryazan, Tver and Lithuania agreed to join the effort to fund Constantinople’s defence. Altogether, roughly 20 thousand of silver rubles were raised by both clerics and laity and subsequently sent in Constantinople during the year of 1398. The gift was amicably received in the city on Bosporus and its citizens repaid this act of kindness with icons, presents and saints’ remains. Further contacts followed, primarily through the efforts of the Ecumenical Patriarch. While Manuel was in Western Europe, the patriarch dispatched another mission to Russia to the Metropolitan of Kiev and All Russia Cyprian who maintained correspondence with the patriarch. Based on the research of correspondence and Russian narrative sources, the present paper analyses the possibilities of Russian assistance to the declining Byzantine state and the results of the mission from the perspective of both the Russian principalities and the Byzantine Empire.71
AMČR - projekt C-201018545
No full textStav: 6Podnět: Bolehošť - Lipiny, kabely nízkého napětí 1331/16-19 Brandejs Jan 3 RD
The Idea of the State and Imperial Rule in the Byzantine and Western Empire in the 9th to 11th Centuries
Get PDFThe present thesis aims to conclude an analysis of political and administative structures in Byzantium and Western Empire from the end of the 9th until half of the 11th century. This was achieved by means of comparison. The author attempted resolve the issue of mutual relationship between the political elite and the ruler and how differences both in the Byzantine and Western Empires influenced the social system. The research included analysis of ruler legitimity, organisation of administration, social mentality and abstract ideas of the state. In the conclusion of this work, the author presented the major differences between West and Byzantium and evaluated future development of both states in regard to internal stability and integration fo political elites. Keywords: Byzantine Empire, East Francia, Roman Empire, Idea of the Stat
Pronoia - a conditional land tenure in the Byzantine Empire
Get PDFThe present bachelor thesis aims to analyse the fundamental structure and functioning of pronoia, a Byzantine fiscal institution, associated with the bestowal of the tax revenues from designated area. The author attempted to answer the question what was its core principle, what circumstances influenced the introduction and development of pronoia, what were the effects of its existence on the Byzantine society and the functioning of the state and what were socioeconomic consequences caused by pronoia's creation. Additionally, the thesis should provide a brief description of the subsequent evolution of pronoia during the course of 13th to 15th and determine to what extent the pronoia could have affected the decline of the Byzantine Empire which occurred after the death of Manuel I Komnenos, principally after the conquest of the Byzantine capital of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204
Pronoia - a conditional land tenure in the Byzantine Empire
No full textThe present bachelor thesis aims to analyse the fundamental structure and functioning of pronoia, a Byzantine fiscal institution, associated with the bestowal of the tax revenues from designated area. The author attempted to answer the question what was its core principle, what circumstances influenced the introduction and development of pronoia, what were the effects of its existence on the Byzantine society and the functioning of the state and what were socioeconomic consequences caused by pronoia's creation. Additionally, the thesis should provide a brief description of the subsequent evolution of pronoia during the course of 13th to 15th and determine to what extent the pronoia could have affected the decline of the Byzantine Empire which occurred after the death of Manuel I Komnenos, principally after the conquest of the Byzantine capital of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204
Optimizing quantum simulations and the DMRG method
No full textTitle: Optimizing quantum simulations and the DMRG method Author: Jan Brandejs Department: Department of Chemical Physics and Optics Supervisor: doc. Dr. rer. nat. Jiří Pittner, DSc., J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Abstract: In this work, we explore the quantum information theoretical aspects of simulation of quantum systems on classical computers, in particular the many- electron strongly correlated wave functions. We describe a way how to reduce the amount of data required for storing the wavefunction by a lossy compression of quantum information. For this purpose, we describe the measures of quantum entanglement for the density matrix renormalization group method. We imple- ment the computation of multi-site generalization of mutual information within the DMRG method and investigate entanglement patterns of strongly correlated chemical systems. We present several ways how to optimize the ground state calculation in the DMRG method. The theoretical conclusions are supported by numerical simulations of the diborane molecule, exhibiting chemically interest- ing electronic structure, like the 3-centered 2-electron bonds. In the theoretical part, we give a brief introduction to the principles of the DMRG method. Then we explain the quantum informational..
Optimizing quantum simulations and the DMRG method
No full textTitle: Optimizing quantum simulations and the DMRG method Author: Jan Brandejs Department: Department of Chemical Physics and Optics Supervisor: doc. Dr. rer. nat. Jiří Pittner, DSc., J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Abstract: In this work, we explore the quantum information theoretical aspects of simulation of quantum systems on classical computers, in particular the many- electron strongly correlated wave functions. We describe a way how to reduce the amount of data required for storing the wavefunction by a lossy compression of quantum information. For this purpose, we describe the measures of quantum entanglement for the density matrix renormalization group method. We imple- ment the computation of multi-site generalization of mutual information within the DMRG method and investigate entanglement patterns of strongly correlated chemical systems. We present several ways how to optimize the ground state calculation in the DMRG method. The theoretical conclusions are supported by numerical simulations of the diborane molecule, exhibiting chemically interest- ing electronic structure, like the 3-centered 2-electron bonds. In the theoretical part, we give a brief introduction to the principles of the DMRG method. Then we explain the quantum informational..
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Optimalizované simulace kvantových systémů a metoda DMRG
No full textV této práci studujeme kvantové simulace na klasických počítačích z pohledu kvantové teorie informace. Zaměřujme se zejména na silně korelované mnohočásticové vlnové funkce. Ukazujeme, jak je možné pomocí ztrátové kvantové komprese zredukovat množství dat potřebných pro datovou reprezentaci stavu a zkoumáme strukturu entanglementu silně korelovaných chemických systémů. Pro tento účel popisujeme různé míry entanglementu pro metodu DMRG ( metoda Density Matrix Renormalization Group). V rámci DMRG metody implementujeme výpočet zobecnění vzájemné informace (mutual information) pro systém rozdělený na tři části. Uvádíme několik způsobů jak optimalizovat výpočet základního stavu v rámci DMRG. Teoretické závěry jsou podpořeny numerickou simulatcí molekuly diboranu, jenž vykazuje chemicky zajímavou elektronovou strukturu, jako např. 3-centrové 2-elektronové vazby. V teoretické části uvádíme do problematiky kvantové teorie informace v souvislosti s kvantově chemickými systémy, vysvětlujeme motivaci, jenž stojí za naším výběrem toho systému a prezentujeme výsledky svých vlastních výpočtů tříčásticové vzájemne informace (tripartite mutual information). Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)Title: Optimizing quantum simulations and the DMRG method Author: Jan Brandejs Department: Department of Chemical Physics and Optics Supervisor: doc. Dr. rer. nat. Jiří Pittner, DSc., J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Abstract: In this work, we explore the quantum information theoretical aspects of simulation of quantum systems on classical computers, in particular the many- electron strongly correlated wave functions. We describe a way how to reduce the amount of data required for storing the wavefunction by a lossy compression of quantum information. For this purpose, we describe the measures of quantum entanglement for the density matrix renormalization group method. We imple- ment the computation of multi-site generalization of mutual information within the DMRG method and investigate entanglement patterns of strongly correlated chemical systems. We present several ways how to optimize the ground state calculation in the DMRG method. The theoretical conclusions are supported by numerical simulations of the diborane molecule, exhibiting chemically interest- ing electronic structure, like the 3-centered 2-electron bonds. In the theoretical part, we give a brief introduction to the principles of the DMRG method. Then we explain the quantum informational...Institute of Theoretical PhysicsÚstav teoretické fyzikyMatematicko-fyzikální fakultaFaculty of Mathematics and Physic
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