1,720,966 research outputs found
Does the composition of environmental regulation matter for ecological sustainability? Evidence from Fourier ARDL under the EKC and LCC hypotheses
No full textEnvironmental policies typically involve the definition of a goal and the use of some policy tools to achieve this goal. As one of the most critical objectives of countries is to ensure environmental sustainability, they use effective instruments such as environmental regulations, which are important public economy instruments. This study aims to test the impact of environmental regulations on the load capacity factor and ecological footprint in Turkey using data from 1990 to 2020 and the novel Fourier augmented autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. We categorize environmental regulations into market-based, command and control, and technology support policies. This reveals the relative effectiveness of environmental regulation components. We also question the role of renewable energy and the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) and Load Capacity Curve (LCC) hypotheses. The findings indicate that market-based regulations increase environmental sustainability by improving environmental quality. Again, command and control and technology support policies have no impact on the ecological balance. Therefore, we prove that the components of environmental regulations can have different impacts on environmental quality and sustainability. Moreover, we confirm the improving role of renewable energy on environmental quality. Thus, we support the view that environmentally friendly renewable energy policies are critical for environmental sustainability. Finally, we show that the EKC and LCC hypotheses are valid in Turkey during the analyzed period. Policymakers must restructure command and control regulations and technology support policies in an incentive-based, flexible, and cost-effective manner to improve environmental quality in Turkey.Osmaniye Korkut Ata UniversityNo Statement Availabl
Do transport taxes reduce air pollution in the top 10 countries with the highest transport tax revenues? A country-specific panel data analysis
No full textRecently, policymakers have been developing some policies to improve environmental quality. Environmental taxes are the most important of these policies. This study examines the effects of transport taxes, economic growth, and fossil fuel energy consumption on air pollution within the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis framework. The study used data from 1994 to 2019 for the ten countries with the highest transport tax revenues. According to the results, while the EKC hypothesis is valid for Portugal and Switzerland, it is not valid for all other countries. Moreover, fossil fuel energy consumption seems to increase air pollution in all countries except the Netherlands and Switzerland. However, transport taxes increase air pollution in Brazil. Therefore, transport taxes are not effective in reducing air pollution. In this context, it was concluded that the structure of transport taxes should be improved or reformed. In addition, it has been underlined that those national decisions alone will not be sufficient to improve transport taxes or environmental taxes. Therefore, regulations to be made with international coordination will be more successful in combating environmental problems by preventing tax competition and increasing tax harmonization
The impacts of the refugee population, renewable energy consumption, carbon emissions, and economic growth on health expenditure in Turkey: new evidence from Fourier-based analyses
No full textHealth expenditures are affected by different macroeconomic variables. This study aims to examine the impact of renewable energy consumption, carbon emissions, the refugee population, and economic growth on Turkey's health expenditures from 1975 to 2019. For this purpose, firstly, the stationarity orders of the variables were examined with the Fourier-based stationarity test. The long-run effects of the variables on health expenditures were also examined using the Fourier-based cointegration test. The results show that there is a long-run relationship between health expenditures and the explanatory variables. In addition, long-run coefficients were calculated, and it was concluded that carbon emissions and the refugee population increased health expenditures while renewable energy consumption decreased. The causality results indicate that there is unidirectional permanent causality from health expenditures to renewable energy consumption and economic growth and bidirectional permanent causality between carbon emissions and health expenditures. Overall, adopting environmentally and renewable energy-friendly policies and controlling the refugee population are essential policy tools in terms of health expenditures
Effectiveness of environmental protection expenditures and resource tax policy in the Netherland's load capacity factor: Do government effectiveness and renewable energy matter? Evidence from Fourier augmented ARDL
No full textSeveral environmental policy actions are taken nationally and internationally to tackle environmental problems and ensure environmental sustainability. In this context, the importance of public economic instruments emerges. The Netherlands follows a stricter environmental protection expenditure and resource tax policy than the OECD and EU countries. Starting from this perspective, we investigate the effect of environmental protection expenditures, resource tax, government effectiveness, economic growth, and renewable energy on the load capacity factor in the Netherlands using data from 1996 to 2021. Methodologically, a Fourier-based econometric methodology is followed. The findings imply that environmental protection expenditures and resource tax implemented in the Netherlands are effective policies for ensuring environmental sustainability. Similarly, renewable energy policies and the level of government effectiveness contribute positively to environmental sustainability. Finally, economic growth negatively affects environmental sustainability by increasing environmental pressure. We subjected the findings to robustness analysis using Fourier-based methods and found that the findings were valid. To maximize the benefits of policies (resource tax and environmental protection expenditure), policymakers should make commitments to the use of the revenue generated and center efforts to build biocapacity on green technological innovations. © 2024 Elsevier Lt
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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