1,720,956 research outputs found
「空気を読む」- Reading the air : A study on the relationship between Japan’s overtime work culture and universal human rights
No full textThis thesis interacts with the cultural values and societal expectations behind Japan’s overtime work ethic, and attempts to examine whether a universal human rights perspective can interact with the deeply rooted Japanese cultures and values. This is done with the help of previously conducted research and semi-structured interviews, which then allows for a better understanding of why overtime work is deeply rooted within Japanese culture, and why the application of human rights due diligence at the workplace is difficult to obtain. A qualitative study of semi-structured interviews has been conducted with 12 ethnic Japanese participants. The findings showed several connections between the participant’s answers, such as overtime work being an unwritten rule, and an expectation as a service to the society, to the previously conducted research. Although overtime work may change and differ in ratio depending on which company you are working for, it still is prevalent within Japanese society as a norm.Whether this is a human rights concern was debatable, since some participants argued it to be a vital part of the Japanese commitment to society, while other participants believed that it becomes problematic when personal choice and opinions are shunned or overlooked. These in turn result in other consequences such as depression, isolation, and even death. The thesis concludes that universal human rights values may not always go hand in hand with cultural values, but may allow new light to be shed on a contested phenomenon
The removal of male foreskin: Circumcision or Mutilation? : A study on the conflict between the right of the parent to freedom of religion vs. the right of the child to freedom of religion and bodily integrity
No full textThis thesis seeks to investigate the conflict between the parent’s right to religious freedom versus the child’s right to religious freedom and bodily integrity in regards to male circumcision/male genital mutilation (henceforth referred to as male foreskin removal). There are several challenges with the definition, interpretation, religious significance and the child’s right in regards to male foreskin removal, and these challenges will be key to the central argument of this thesis. A research question has been formulated along with four operative questions to better enable me to engage with the challenges mentioned above. The thesis unfolds into an analysis, connecting all aspects together to highlight the conflict with the child in focus. Although this thesis has been structured as an explorative study, which seeks neither to argue for or against the act of male foreskin removal, the child’s right and involvement in this conflict will be given particular attention with emphasis put on the convention on the right of the child (CRC). The research question focuses on unravelling the problematic aspects of referring to the practice as male circumcision and as male genital mutilation, and to better understand why there are complexities with both terms, this thesis will make connections between religious identity and the child as a right’s bearer. At the beginning of this thesis, it is made clear that referring to the removal of male foreskin as male genital mutilation from a religious perspective is considered unfitting and problematic, as it disregards the significance it bears to a person’s relationship with God. On the other hand, normalising this practice by referring to it as circumcision suggests that the practice is not taken into consideration as a serious child’s rights violation, thus becoming problematic from a human rights perspective. To summarise, the CRC puts great importance on the protection of children from harmful practices, whether these be culturally or religiously significant, and aspires to allow children the freedom to their own religion, bodily and spiritual integrity. That they may partake in any decision involving their body parts. The thesis does not argue against male foreskin removal, but more so, establishes that the CRC has been put forth to recognise children as autonomous beings and as right’s bearers. This thesis further concludes that the reason why this conflict is highly contested, is due to the fact that the practice of male foreskin removal bares significant meaning to a person’s religious identity, their belonging to their religious community as well as to their relationship with God. Putting restrictions on the manifestation of this religious practice may hinder the child from creating their religious purpose as commanded per the Jewish and Islamic scriptures
「空気を読む」- Reading the air : A study on the relationship between Japan’s overtime work culture and universal human rights
No full textThis thesis interacts with the cultural values and societal expectations behind Japan’s overtime work ethic, and attempts to examine whether a universal human rights perspective can interact with the deeply rooted Japanese cultures and values. This is done with the help of previously conducted research and semi-structured interviews, which then allows for a better understanding of why overtime work is deeply rooted within Japanese culture, and why the application of human rights due diligence at the workplace is difficult to obtain. A qualitative study of semi-structured interviews has been conducted with 12 ethnic Japanese participants. The findings showed several connections between the participant’s answers, such as overtime work being an unwritten rule, and an expectation as a service to the society, to the previously conducted research. Although overtime work may change and differ in ratio depending on which company you are working for, it still is prevalent within Japanese society as a norm.Whether this is a human rights concern was debatable, since some participants argued it to be a vital part of the Japanese commitment to society, while other participants believed that it becomes problematic when personal choice and opinions are shunned or overlooked. These in turn result in other consequences such as depression, isolation, and even death. The thesis concludes that universal human rights values may not always go hand in hand with cultural values, but may allow new light to be shed on a contested phenomenon
The removal of male foreskin: Circumcision or Mutilation? : A study on the conflict between the right of the parent to freedom of religion vs. the right of the child to freedom of religion and bodily integrity
No full textThis thesis seeks to investigate the conflict between the parent’s right to religious freedom versus the child’s right to religious freedom and bodily integrity in regards to male circumcision/male genital mutilation (henceforth referred to as male foreskin removal). There are several challenges with the definition, interpretation, religious significance and the child’s right in regards to male foreskin removal, and these challenges will be key to the central argument of this thesis. A research question has been formulated along with four operative questions to better enable me to engage with the challenges mentioned above. The thesis unfolds into an analysis, connecting all aspects together to highlight the conflict with the child in focus. Although this thesis has been structured as an explorative study, which seeks neither to argue for or against the act of male foreskin removal, the child’s right and involvement in this conflict will be given particular attention with emphasis put on the convention on the right of the child (CRC). The research question focuses on unravelling the problematic aspects of referring to the practice as male circumcision and as male genital mutilation, and to better understand why there are complexities with both terms, this thesis will make connections between religious identity and the child as a right’s bearer. At the beginning of this thesis, it is made clear that referring to the removal of male foreskin as male genital mutilation from a religious perspective is considered unfitting and problematic, as it disregards the significance it bears to a person’s relationship with God. On the other hand, normalising this practice by referring to it as circumcision suggests that the practice is not taken into consideration as a serious child’s rights violation, thus becoming problematic from a human rights perspective. To summarise, the CRC puts great importance on the protection of children from harmful practices, whether these be culturally or religiously significant, and aspires to allow children the freedom to their own religion, bodily and spiritual integrity. That they may partake in any decision involving their body parts. The thesis does not argue against male foreskin removal, but more so, establishes that the CRC has been put forth to recognise children as autonomous beings and as right’s bearers. This thesis further concludes that the reason why this conflict is highly contested, is due to the fact that the practice of male foreskin removal bares significant meaning to a person’s religious identity, their belonging to their religious community as well as to their relationship with God. Putting restrictions on the manifestation of this religious practice may hinder the child from creating their religious purpose as commanded per the Jewish and Islamic scriptures
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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