14,675 research outputs found
Instituting Copyright: Reconciling Copyright Law and Industry Practice in the Australian Film and Television Sector
No full textIntroduction: The law/practice conundrum When considering how rights are created and income streams generated in practice in the Australian film and television industry, legal scholarship invariably views these issues through the lens of formal copyright law. This approach involves asking well-established questions such as whether copyright subsists in particular types of subject matter being created and traded, who owns that copyright, and the scope of the resultant rights. When looked at in this way, it would seem that there are significant uncertainties as to the extent to which some cultural products are in fact legally protected, or who (if anyone) can be said to own the rights to them. For example, it is accepted that under Australian law something described at such a high level of abstraction as a ‘television format’ is not recognized as a species of copyright ‘work’ or ‘subject matter’. Even though aspects of television formats might constitute literary or dramatic works and receive copyright protection on that basis, a format per se is not something that is capable of being owned, assigned, licensed or infringed under copyright law. In a related manner, under Australian law the right to make an ‘adaptation’ of a literary or dramatic work is narrowly defined and the boundaries of the scope of the right to make a ‘reproduction’ of a substantial part of such a work are unclear. This means that it cannot be said with any degree of certainty that Australian copyright law protects ‘characters’ or gives copyright owners the right to make sequels, spin-offs or similar variations of their content. These copyright limitations are likely to be entirely familiar to legal scholars and students of copyright law, and similar uncertainties affect many jurisdictions. What is equally well-known is that there is a significant disjuncture between the formal law and how, in practice, cultural subject matter is in fact managed and income streams are generated. It is common knowledge that there is a long-standing industry practice of buying and selling rights to television formats, with the annual global trade in format rights valued at over 3 billion euros
Franchise Dynamics, Creativity and the Law
No full textThe importance of studying franchises The invention of an entertainment concept rich enough to sustain a franchise has become an accepted indicator of original creative genius in the twenty-first century. However, the relationship between creativity, economic opportunity and intellectual property law in the context of entertainment franchises is not well understood. One of the reasons for this relates to the complexity of factors involved, as well as the role of serendipity. A short consideration of the origins of a world-famous franchise, now entering its fiftieth year, provides a case in point. ‘Hold tight and pretend it’s a plan!’: The Doctor Who franchise Given its origins, it is a wonder that Doctor Who even lasted beyond its first four episodes in 1963. The show had been conceived of by the BBC’s Head of Drama, Sydney Newman, in early 1963, as little more than an educational, science fiction drama that would appeal to children, in order to plug a gap in Saturday evening programming. The idea of a science fiction programme was frowned upon by some within the BBC, who disliked the genre’s associations with comic books and American pulp fiction, something that helps explain the initial lack of institutional support for the development of the show
Una interpretación de a-ka-na-jo ( a3-ka-na-jo)
Full text linkThe author studies the word a-ka-na-jo in the PY Cn 328 tablet and taking into account some factors she proposes αγναιος as the reading of this word.The author studies the word a-ka-na-jo in the PY Cn 328 tablet and taking into account some factors she proposes αγναιος as the reading of this word
Environmental influences over the last 16 ka on compound-specific δ13C variations of leaf wax n-alkanes in the Hani peat deposit from northeast China
Full text linkCompound-specific carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) of leaf wax n-alkanes (C21-C33 odd carbon numbered n-alkanes) were measured in the Hani peat sequence from northeast China. These data were compared with lipid biomarker compositions to assess changes in local vegetation and paleoclimate for the last 16 ka The δ13C values of n-alkanes range between -36.6 and -30.7‰, showing that the compounds originate from C3 plants. Much larger variations (∼5.4‰) in the n-alkane δ13C values than those of atmospheric CO2 during the last 16 ka (< 0.5‰) indicate that the isotopic values were affected by environmental factors in addition to the postglacial δ13C variations in the atmospheric reservoir. The stratigraphic records of δ13C reveal decoupled fluctuations among the individual n-alkanes, particularly between 15.5 to 11.4 ka. Synchronous excursions in the δ13C offsets among individual n-alkanes (Δδ13C) and lipid biomarker paleoplant proxies (Paq, and C23/C31 and C27/C31) from 14.9 to 13.2 ka and 12.7 to 11.6 ka suggest that vegetational changes are the most likely causes for the decoupled δ13C variations. Parallel fluctuations of the δ13C values of terrestrial higher plant-derived C29 and C31 n-alkanes and the n-alkane average chain-length (ACL) from 11 to 6 ka indicate that the δ13C variations responded to net evaporation changes. Negative shifts in the n-alkane δ13C values coinciding with the ACL decreases at 10.5-9.3 ka and 8.1 ka indicate the short-term onset and fluctuations of the summer monsoon strength in eastern China during the early Holocene
NRF2 and chemoprevention: signaling, epigenetics and role in intestinal carcinogensis
No full textPrevention is better than cure. The carcinogenesis could take as long as 20 to 30 years to develop from initiated cells to malignant tumor, therefore providing us various opportunities to prevent the appearance of tumors with the use of chemopreventive compounds in the early stage. Chemoprevention becomes an increasing important concept and has led to the intense research about the mechanisms of actions of various chemopreventive compounds. They can be generally classified into blocking agents and suppressing agents. The chemopreventive compounds usually prevent or slow progression of cancer by maintaining a low oxidative stress and inflammatory environment in cells. This is brought about by the activation of Nrf2, the key protein being investigated in our lab. In this dissertation, I will be discussing the use of compounds as suppressing agents and blocking agents, how compounds activates Nrf2 signaling, how novel Nrf2 interaction partner IQGAP1 mediates Nrf2-Keap1 signaling axis, how expression level of Nrf2 could be regulated epigenetically, apart from the well-known post-translational control by Keap1-Ubiquitinase-Protesome axis and finally how loss of Nrf2 could enhance intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc(min/+) mice.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Ka Lung Cheun
Nearby fibroblasts' response to multiple acupuncture needle revolutions on fibroblast populated collagen gels
No full textAcupuncture is an ancient Chinese healing practice, and an alternative therapy for alleviating pain and chronic disorders. For over twenty years, research is trying to understand the mechanisms that lead to its therapeutic effect. Our laboratory investigates the cellular and molecular events in the connective tissue that occur by acupuncture needling. An in vitro assay was developed to evaluate some of the potential contributors to acupuncture’s effects using a cellular collagen gel as a loose connective tissue mimic. It was hypothesized besides immediate changes to cells under mechanical loading from an acupuncture needle, there were chemical factors released to nearby cells in acupuncture. This thesis investigates whether mechanically stimulating collagen gels with fibroblasts at different revolutions would release chemical factors to nearby fibroblasts where flow cytometry was used to observe cell proliferation as an indicator. Results reveal mechanically stimulating cellular collagen gels at different revolutions does not cause any changes in cell proliferation to nearby cells. However, dead stained mechanically stimulated cellular collagen gels showed cell death occurs around the acupuncture needle. It is possible there were no effects in cell proliferation because when a cellular collagen gel was needle manipulated, some chemical factors were released into the nearby cells. Then as needle manipulation increased, more chemical factors were released, but restricted by the larger amount of cell death around the needle from the increasing rotation.M.S.Includes bibliographical referencesby Ka Po Ch
Duan wei xia mu xie lei de xin xing he nei DNA fen zi xi tong biao ji zhi jian ding
No full textLeung Ka Chun.Thesis M.Phil. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2013.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-110).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on 21, September, 2016).Leung Ka Chun
San zhong chao jian dai teng hu dui gao wen de sheng li fan ying ji zhuan lu ti yan jiu
No full textWong, Ka Wing Karen.Thesis M.Phil. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2014.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 143-157).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on 30, November, 2016).Wong, Ka Wing Karen
Assessment of law journal rankings and methodologies adopted by eight law schools 2016,
Full text linkLaw schools face significant institutional pressure to adopt journal ranking lists that are used to inform comparative assessment of the Faculty, School and individual researcher performance.
CALD has commissioned a written report that: 1. critically evaluates the methodology of up to eight Law journal lists or rankings agreed to by the parties; 2. makes recommendations about the suitability of the lists to act as a proxy for academic research quality, including suggesting revisions or modifications to methodology and reference to how to maintain the currency of any proposed list, as appropriate; 3. comments on the utility of the lists in view of the suggested purposes for which they may be used.
This report is in four parts.
Part One provides a brief overview of bibliometric databases and indices currently in use in the higher education sector to assess research productivity, quality and influence. New non-citation based alternative metrics for the Humanities and perception studies are also discussed. There is also discussion of the Washington & Lee journal ranking list, which underpinned the original CALD/ERA lists. An updated version informed the Deakin List.
This part also contains comments on difficulties in applying existing bibliometrics to the output of Australian legal researchers.
Part Two provides analysis of the following Australian law journal ranking methodologies and lists: CALD list (2009); ERA 2010; Australian Business Deans Council Journal Quality List 2013; Deakin University Law Journal Rankings; University Of Tasmania Law Journal Rankings. This part also includes tables that allow for review of the performance of particular law journals across the various ranking lists provided.
Part Three addresses new developments in research assessment and current critical literature on the use and misuse of metrics
The application of S-band polarimetric radar measurements to Ka-band attenuation prediction
Full text linkIn September 1993, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS) was deployed into a geostationary orbit near 100° W longitude. The ACTS satellite employs two Ka-band beacons, one at 20.185 GHz and another at 27.505 GHz. Impairments due to rain attenuation and tropospheric scintillations will significantly affect new technologies for this spectrum. Heavy rain at Ka-band can easily produce 30 dB of attenuation along the propagation path. Propagation experiments being conducted in seven different climatic zones involve multiyear attenuation measurements along the satellite-earth slant path. Measurements in the B2 climatic zone are made with an ACTS propagation terminal located in northeast Colorado. In order to gain more understanding about the physical processes that are responsible for Ka-band attenuation, the Colorado State University CHILL S-band polarimetric radar is used to take radar measurements along the slant path. The Colorado Front Range experiences a variety of weather conditions throughout the year ranging from upslope rain conditions to winter storms. Four such events measured along the slant path are illustrated in this paper. They include two convective cases and two "bright-band" cases. The S-band polarimetric radar data is used to initialize radar-based attenuation-prediction models, which are applied to the four precipitation events described. The comparisons of predicted attenuation to measured attenuation are quite good. It was also found during the course of the experiment that water droplets standing on the antenna surface can cause appreciable attenuation at Ka-band frequencies. That finding needs to be recognized in future model development and statistical analysis
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