106,693 research outputs found
Eddy current measurements on case hardened steel
No full textThe case-hardening process modifies the near-surface permeability and conductivity of steel, as can be observed through changes in eddy current probe signals measured over a range of frequency. In this work, experiments have been performed using normal absolute probe coils on flat steel specimens and coils encircling case-hardened steel rods. By fitting model results to the experimental data, estimates of electrical material properties are found. The approach also allows an assessment of the sensitivity of the measurements to the case depth.This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing.
This article appeared in Sun, H., J. R. Bowler, N. Bowler, and M. J. Johnson. "Eddy current measurements on case hardened steel." In AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 615, no. 1, pp. 1561-1568. American Institute of Physics, 2002, and may be found at
DOI: 10.1063/1.1472979.
Copyright 2002 American Institute of Physics.
Posted with permission
Birth report for child of Harry H Bowler and Hattie J Bowler
No full textSeries 26784 | Washington County (Utah). County Clerk | Birth reports | Birth report for child of Harry H Bowler and Hattie J BowlerThese are birth reports filled out for the county clerk to fulfill the requirement which went into effect in 1898 that all births must be reported to the county clerk. There is an individual card for each birth, and the clerk used the information on these cards to create the birth register
Faking an Implicit Measure of Addiction Proneness
No full textSelf-report measures are known to be susceptible to faking, and response distortion is a particularly critical issue in the context of assessing job applicants (Holden & Kroner, 1992; Hough, Eaton, Dunnette, Kamp, & McCloy, 1990). However, the advent of conditional reasoning methodology makes it possible to assess personality more objectively by focusing on implicit rather than explicit cognitions. Previous research has suggested that the conditional reasoning methodology is resistant to faking. This study evaluates the fakability of a new measure of addiction, the Conditional Reasoning Test of Addiction Proneness, which was developed specifically to assess the implicit cognitions that justify engaging in addictive behavior (Bowler, Bowler, & James, 2011). This study examined whether respondents could successfully distort their responses on the Conditional Reasoning Test for Addiction Proneness as well as a self-report measure of addiction, the Self-Assessment of Behavior. Results indicate that the self-report measure is susceptible to faking but the conditional reasoning measure is resistant to response distortion, thus providing further support that Conditional Reasoning Test of Addiction Proneness does in fact assess implicit cognitions
Bernard Bowler to James H. Meredith (1 October 1962)
No full texthttps://egrove.olemiss.edu/mercorr_pro/1360/thumbnail.jp
Multilevel societies in new world primates? Flexibility may characterize the organization of Peruvian red uakaris (Cacajao calvus ucayalii)
No full textResearchers have described multilevel societies with one-male, multifemale units (OMUs) forming within a larger group in several catarrhine species, but not in platyrhines. OMUs in multilevel societies are associated with extremely large group sizes, often with >100 individuals, and the only platyrhine genus that forms groups of this size is Cacajao. We review available evidence for multilevel organization and the formation of OMUs in groups of Cacajao, and test predictions for the frequency distribution patterns of male–male and male–female interindividual distances within groups of red-faced uakaris (Cacajao calvus ucayalii), comparing year-round data with those collected at the peak of the breeding season, when group cohesion may be more pronounced. Groups of Cacajao fission and fuse, forming subgroup sizes at frequencies consistent with an OMU organization. In Cacajao calvus ucayalii and Cacajao calvus calvus, bachelor groups are also observed, a characteristic of several catarrhine species that form OMUs. However, researchers have observed both multimale–multifemale groups and groups with a single male and multiple females in Cacajao calvus. The frequency distributions of interindividual distances for male–male and male–female dyads are consistent with an OMU-based organization, but alternative interpretations of these data are possible. The distribution of interindividual distances collected during the peak breeding season differed from those collected year-round, indicating seasonal changes in the spatial organization of Cacajao calvus ucayalii. We suggest a high degree of flexibility may characterize the social organization of Cacajao calvus ucayalii, which may form OMUs under certain conditions. Further studies with identifiable individuals, thus far not possible in Cacajao, are required to confirm the social organization.Peer reviewe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Evolution of bright star-forming galaxies in the first billion years
No full textIn this thesis, I present the results of a new search for, and study of, luminous galaxies in the first billion years of cosmic time. This work is primarily based on a new selection of bright (L≫L*) Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) at z ≅6 and z≅7 in the UltraVISTA first and second data releases (DR1, DR2) and the UKIDSS (UKIRT Infrared Deep Survey) UDS DR10 (Ultra Deep Survey). The UltraVISTA survey provides deep Y, J,H andKs near-imaging over 1.5 deg² of the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field and the UKIDSS UDS provides J,H and K band data overlapping with the Subaru XMM-Newton Deep Survey (SXDS), with both fields also containing deep optical and mid-infrared imaging essential for the clean detection of z > 5 galaxies.
The fields combined provide an unprecedented 1.65 deg² of deep multiwavelength data with which to securely select LBGs using a photometric redshift fitting technique, which can additionally remove probable low-redshift galaxy interlopers and galactic dwarf stars that can contaminate ground-based samples.
At z ≅7, the DR1 of the UltraVISTA survey was used to select a sample of ten high-redshift galaxy candidates, which extended to a 5σ limiting magnitude of Y + J ~ 25
(AB magnitude, 2-arcsec diameter circular aperture) over 1 deg². A stack of the four
most robust objects from the sample indicated that they were massive (M*≅5 ×
109M ʘ), had blue rest-frame UV slopes (β ≅−2.0±0.2) and were highly star-forming
(SFR ≅25–50Mʘ yr−1) when compared to previous, fainter, samples of galaxies at
z = 7.
The number counts of z≅7 galaxies selected within the UltraVISTA DR1 survey
was higher than that expected from extrapolations of the rest-frame UltraViolet (UV)
luminosity function (LF) from fainter data, a result that was strongly confirmed with
an improved search for z ≅7 galaxies using the UltraVISTA DR2 imaging and the
UDS field. A total of 34 galaxies at 6.5 < z < 7.5 were found in the combined
fields, which included the previously identified robust galaxies from the DR1 imaging.
This expanded sample allowed the first determination of the rest-frame UV LF in the
range −23.0 < MUV < −21.5 at z ≅7, and the results reveal a power-law decline
to bright magnitudes in contrast to the commonly assumed exponentially declining
Schechter function extrapolated from fainter data. The excess of galaxies observed at bright magnitudes cannot be accounted for by gravitational lensing or by significant contamination of the sample by Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) . The observed LF is well described by a double power law, which at the bright end follows the form of the underlying dark matter halo mass function, suggesting that the physical mechanism that inhibits star formation activity in massive galaxies (e.g. AGN feedback or some other form of ‘mass quenching’) has yet become efficient at z ≅7.
The deeper imaging data confirm that the z ≅7 LBGs show blue rest-frame UV slopes
(median β = −2.0) and are massive (up to M*≅1010M ʘ). Furthermore, an analysis
of the ground-based imaging shows that the majority are resolved consistent with larger sizes (r1/2 ≅1–1.5 kpc) than displayed by less massive galaxies.
Finally, a new search for z ≅6 galaxies within the UltraVISTA and UDS datasets was
undertaken, resulting in a sample of 266 LBGs (−22.7 < MUV < −20.5) galaxies with
which to investigate the rest-frame UV LF. The potential contamination by galactic
brown dwarfs was investigated quantitatively using a simple model of the Galaxy,
showing that the expected contamination rate of the sample was < 3 per cent, and that the stars can be effectively removed by fitting standard stellar spectra to the observed photometry. The galaxy surface density in the UltraVISTA/COSMOS field exceeds that in the UDS/SXDS by a factor of ≅1.4, indicating strong cosmic variance between the two fields. The number counts of galaxies we find are a factor of 2 lower than predicted by the recent LF determination by Bouwens et al., and the derived rest-frame UV LF at z ≅6 revealed that an under dense UDS field can account for some of the observed differences between previous analyses. An evolution in the characteristic magnitude between z ≅5 and z≅7 of ∆M*~ 0.5 was found in contrast to other smaller area surveys, and a double power law was shown to equally well describe the LF at z = 6 as compared to the commonly assumed Schechter function. The bright-end of the LF at z ≅6 tentatively shows a steeper decline than found at z ≅7, which could indicate the onset of mass quenching of the most massive galaxies or the rise of dust obscuration.
Comparison with the predictions of the latest theoretical models and simulations of
galaxies reveals that most models require substantial (A1500 ~ 1.5–2) average dust extinction at the bright end to reproduce the shape of the galaxy UV LF at z ≅7
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
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