2,128 research outputs found
Why do midwives stay?: a mixed-methods study of the factors influencing newly qualified midwives in London to remain in post
No full textBackground:
Midwives are leaving midwifery in greater numbers than in previous years. Newly qualified midwives (NQMs) are the group most likely to leave. Most research has explored why midwives leave rather than why they stay. This research seeks to understand which factors enable NQMs to stay in midwifery, focusing on London, with the aim of retaining this important group of midwives in the midwifery profession.
Methods:
A pragmatic, mixed-methods approach was used to explore why NQMs choose to stay in midwifery. The research was conducted in two phases. Phase one was a survey, sent to all midwives (n = 1502) in four London Trusts with a 16.3% (n = 248) response rate. Participants were asked to complete two scales, the Connor-Davidson 10-point Resilience Scale and the Bower Midwife Wellbeing Scale, developed for this research. Survey data were analysed using SPSS-27. From the survey, eleven NQMs self-selected to be interviewed (phase two) using the findings from the scales as a basis for questioning. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, and interview data were analysed using Applied Thematic Analysis.
Results:
The survey found that the Bower Midwife Wellbeing Scale demonstrated a significant predictive ability in being able to identify midwives who were more likely to have thought of leaving in the last six months. The higher the mean score of the scale, the less likely the midwives were to have thought of leaving (their post/midwifery), so were more likely to stay.
The interviews identified three themes: head above water, cultural conflicts and professional identity. The factors most likely to enable NQMs to stay were those that improved their professional identity, such as job satisfaction and continuity of care. Factors that were least likely to enable them to stay were a poor workplace culture, such as a bullying culture and lack of staff.
Integrating the results from the survey and the interviews, factors that both improved and diminished personal and professional resilience were identified. NQMs with a higher Bower Midwife Wellbeing score were more likely to stay in midwifery.
Recommendations:
The Bower Midwife Wellbeing Scale, developed for this research, has the potential to predict NQMs who are more likely to stay in midwifery as they score higher on the scale. By predicting those who are more likely to leave, it is proposed that interventions, such targeted support, can prevent attrition. The research also identifies adverse workplace conditions that need to be addressed if NQMs are to stay.
The relevance of the research for education is that high personal resilience enables NQMs to cope better with adverse workplace conditions (improving their professional resilience). Personal resilience can be developed through educational interventions, and it is recommended that this is addressed in pre-registration midwifery education programmes. Further research into testing the Bower Midwife Wellbeing Scale is also recommended, to be able to identify those NQMs who are more likely to stay
Meeting with the Hebrew author Elias Hurwitz
No full textWhite paper; handpainted; on the reverse of Luftwaffe uniform pattern. Digitized posters are related to the activities of Jewish displaced persons drawn from the Records of Displaced Persons Camps and Centers in Germany (RG 294.2) Italy (RG 294.3) and Austria (RG 294.4) held by YIVO Archives. Please consult the historical note for those record groups for further information.Digital ImageDigital finding aid available
Physical Determinants of Golf Swing Performance: A Review.
No full textSheehan, WB, Bower, RG, and Watsford, ML. Physical determinants of golf swing performance: A review. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2019-Traditionally, golf practice has primarily focused on the mental, technical, and skill aspects as the primary means to improve performance. Only recently has a greater emphasis been placed on the physical components with balance, muscular strength, power, and specific muscle-tendon properties demonstrating positive associations with club head speed and carry distance. Accordingly, this review will explore the influence of these physical components on measures of golf swing performance. Superior balance may allow players to effectively deal with the need to shift weight during the swing as well as different stance positions, whereas superior lower-body muscular strength, power, and stiffness may allow more mechanical work to be performed on the club during the swing per unit of time, consequently increasing club head speed. Alternatively, flexibility may also contribute to enhanced force production with a greater range of motion, particularly when generating the "X-factor," allowing for a longer backswing and more time to produce higher angular velocities and forces. Furthermore, training intervention studies focusing on the aforementioned components have demonstrated enhancements in swing performance. Targeting multiple muscle groups, including those implicated via electromyography activation, and utilizing multiple modalities have proven effective at increasing club head speed. However, such multifaceted programs have made it difficult to determine the mechanisms that specifically contribute to performance gains. Despite these limitations, strength, power, and musculotendinous stiffness, particularly in the lower body, seem to be stronger determinants of club head speed and carry distance than flexibility. Furthermore, acute improvements can be induced using resistance-orientated warm-ups
Obituary announcement about author and labor activist Sh. Mendelson
No full textBrown paper; handpainted. Digitized posters are related to the activities of Jewish displaced persons drawn from the Records of Displaced Persons Camps and Centers in Germany (RG 294.2) Italy (RG 294.3) and Austria (RG 294.4) held by YIVO Archives. Please consult the historical note for those record groups for further information.Digital ImageDigital finding aid available
Sweeping has no effect on renormalized turbulent viscosity
No full textWe perform renormalization group analysis (RG) of the Navier-Stokes equation in the presence of constant mean velocity field , and show that the renormalized viscosity is unaffected by , thus negating the ``sweeping effect", proposed by Kraichnan [Phys. Fluids {\bf 7}, 1723 (1964)] using random Galilean invariance. Using direct numerical simulation, we show that the correlation functions for and differ from each other, but the renormalized viscosity for the two cases are the same. Our numerical results are consistent with the RG calculations
Gas entropy in a representative sample of nearby X-ray galaxy clusters (REXCESS): relationship to gas mass fraction
No full textWe examine the radial entropy distribution and its scaling using 31 nearby galaxy clusters from the representative XMM-Newton cluster structure survey (REXCESS), a sample in the temperature range 2-9 keV selected in X-ray luminosity only, with no bias toward any particular morphological type. The entropy profiles are robustly measured at least out to R1000 in all systems and out to R500 in thirteen systems. Compared to theoretical expectations from non-radiative cosmological simulations, the observed distributions show a radial and mass-dependent excess entropy, such that the excess is greater and extends to larger radii in lower mass systems. At R500, the mass dependence and entropy excess are both negligible within the large observational and theoretical uncertainties. Mirroring this behaviour, the scaling of gas entropy is shallower than self-similar in the inner regions, but steepens with radius, becoming consistent with self-similar at R500. There is a large dispersion in scaled entropy in the inner regions, apparently linked to the presence of cool cores and dynamical activity; at larger radii the dispersion decreases by approximately a factor of two to 30 per cent, and the dichotomy between subsamples disappears. There are two peaks in the distribution of both inner slope and, after parameterising the profiles with a power law plus constant model, in central entropy K0. However, we are unable to distinguish between a bimodal or a left-skewed distribution of K0 with the present data. The distribution of outer slopes is unimodal with a median value of 0.98, and there is a clear correlation of outer slope with temperature. Renormalising the dimensionless entropy profiles by the gas mass fraction profile fgas (<R), leads to a remarkable reduction in the scatter, implying that gas mass fraction variations with radius and mass are the cause of the observed entropy structural and scaling properties. The results are consistent with the picture of a cluster population in which entropy modification is centrally concentrated and extends to larger radii at lower mass, leading to both a radial and a mass-dependence in the gas mass fraction, but which is increasingly self-similar at large radius. The observed normalisation, however, would suggest entropy modification at least up to R1000, and even beyond, in all but the most massive systems. We discuss a tentative scenario to explain the observed behaviour of the entropy and gas mass fraction in the REXCESS sample, in which a combination of extra heating and merger mixing maintains an elevated central entropy level in the majority of the population, and a smaller fraction of systems is able to develop a cool core. <br/
BONDING AND DYNAMICS OF CNRg AND CRg COMPLEXES
No full textAuthor Institution: Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322The van der Waals complexes of CN and C with rare gas atoms (Rg) are of interest from the perspectives of their bonding characteristics and predissociation dynamics. Matrix isolation data indicate that that the bonding ranges from a weak van der Waals interaction for the Ne complexes to incipient chemical bonding for Xe. The low-lying vibronic states of CN and C are interleaved, which facilitates electronic energy transfer. Consequently, electronic predissociation of CNRg and CRg complexes provides a useful means to examine the detailed dynamics of electronic energy transfer. Predissociation processes for CNRg complexes have been characterized using double resonance techniques. The final state distributions exhibit symmetry preferences that yield insights concerning the topologies of the relevant potential energy surfaces. In addition, bond energies can be deduced from the predissociation dynamics. Data for the binary complexes CNRg (Rg=Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe) and CRg will be presented, along with theoretical analyses based on potential energy surfaces
René Géronimo Favaloro : pioneer of Cardiac Surgery
No full textDr. René G. Favaloro moved to the Cleveland Clinic in 1962 and proceeded to reshape the face of cardiac surgery as we knew it. Together with his colleagues at the Cleveland Clinic, Drs. Effler, Sones, Proudfit, Groves, Sheldon and countless others, he contributed to the double internal mammary arterymyocardial implantation by the Vineberg method, and by May 1967, he reconstructed the right coronary artery by the saphenous vein graft interposition. These landmark procedures paved the way for the aorto-coronary saphenous vein bypass graft in October 1967. Many similar breakthroughs ensued, with the application of the bypass technique to the left coronary artery, the combination of coronary artery bypass graft with left ventricular reconstruction and valve repair/replacement and finally, by December, a double bypass to the right coronary artery and anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery. In June, 1971, Dr. Favaloro decided to leave the Cleveland Clinic and return to Argentina where he created a medical centre, a teaching unit, a research department and finally an Institute of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery. This was his greatest personal ambition. Over and above his brilliant mind and craft, Dr. Favaloro was a man of integrity, courage, honesty and humility, whose name will never cease to reverberate throughout the history of medicine.peer-reviewe
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