1,720,983 research outputs found
Social media, objectification and well-being: a critical feminist mixed methods approach
Full text linkThis thesis sought to investigate objectification theory (Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997) in the context of Social Network Sites (SNSs). Mixed methods were employed to investigate whether SNSs cultivate objectifying environments and contribute to objectification, and to
explore the consequences of SNS use and objectification for psychological functioning.
A quantitative self-report study assessed the relationship between SNS use, selfsurveillance (the behavioural component of self-objectification), surveillance of others, well-being and mood state depression. Using a retrospective baseline measure and nine subsequent ecological momentary assessments completed over a week, trait and state
variables were investigated with 193 females and 49 males ranging in age from 18-68 years. Online social comparison and body shame strongly predicted state and trait selfsurveillance and surveillance of others. SNS behaviours including photo-based behaviours,
also predicted state self-surveillance. SNS variables including passive SNS use and objectification variables including self-surveillance and body shame predicted trait wellbeing. Time spent on SNSs and body shame predicted state depression.
Focus groups with 32 emerging adults (14 female and 18 male) explored whether participants perceived SNSs as objectifying environments, and whether SNSs impacted on their psychological functioning and perceptions of their own and others’ appearance. Using thematic analysis four themes were identified; “SNS use, body image and gender dynamics”, “SNS use and psychological functioning”, “SNS use and the cultivation of an ideal self” and “Pervasiveness of SNSs”. Results indicated SNSs were environments in which objectification occurs and in particular online social comparison was identified as contributing to objectification and negative psychological functioning. Collectively the findings suggest objectification occurs and is facilitated by SNSs, and SNS use and self-objectification have consequences for psychological functioning. In particular, this thesis provides strong support for the role of online social comparison and body shame in contributing to objectification and negative psychological functioning
Exploring child well-being: An integration of children’s rights and psychological perspectives
No full textDespite the proliferation of references to well-being in educational policy and practice, it is frequently applied within a theoretical vacuum. There is a general consensus that holistic, multidimensional theories are best placed to address the complex concept of well-being, including both positive affect and pleasure elements and meaning-seeking and engagement elements. This chapter examines the synergies and tensions between the human rights perspective and subjective well-being to consider how Human Rights Education (HRE) and well-being in education can be optimised by drawing on both approaches. Through an
examination of psychological theories such as Self Determination Theory (Ryan & Deci, 2000) and Broaden-and Build (Fredrickson, 2004) the chapter focuses on autonomy and participation, including teaching and learning approaches, and using emotions in education. It is argued that given that HRE is relatively more established, well-being should build on what has already been done in HRE, particularly in relation to participation and autonomy, while there are areas where HRE that could be informed by the well-being perspective, including the strengthening of the affective and relational dimensions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Periconceptional folic acid supplementation in a nationally representative sample of Irish mothers
No full textThis study reports recent trends in periconceptional folic acid use in Ireland using archived data from Growing Up in Ireland ? the National Longitudinal Study of Children. Of a sample of 10,891 mothers, 6,936 (64%) reported taking folic acid before conception and 10,157 (93%) reported taking folic acid during the first trimester of pregnancy. Younger (OR=0.38, 95% CI=0.29-0.50), lower income (OR=0.59, 95% CI=0.51-0.68), lower educated (OR=0.77, 95% CI=0.66-0.89), and single mothers (OR=0.46, 95% CI=0.40-0.52) were less likely to have taken folic acid pre-conception. A similar pattern was found post-conception with younger (OR=0.58, 95% CI=0.40-0.84), lower income (OR=0.40, 95% CI=0.30-0.53), lower educated (OR=0.50, 95% CI=0.38-0.66), and single mothers (OR=0.74, 95% CI=0.60-0.91) less likely to have taken folic acid post-conception. The findings highlight an ongoing need for targeted promotional campaigns to increase supplementation rates among younger and socially disadvantaged mothers
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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