1,720,963 research outputs found
Réseaux d'interaction en sport collectif : appréhender la complexité de la performance collective
No full textInternational audienc
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pourquoi le temps compte dans l’analyse des réseaux sociaux complexes : outils méthodologiques et éclairages sur l’adaptation des équipes sportives sous contraintes
No full textThis doctoral dissertation adopts a transdisciplinary perspective bridging sport sciences and computer science to conceptualize the sports team as a complex object. Situated at the crossroads of behavioral neuroscience and graph theory, the focus is on the network of interactions between players (in particular, the passing network) to better understand collective behavior. We begin by portraying a sports team as a complex adaptive system whose structure evolves over time to maintain its functions within a changing environment, composed of interacting and dynamic constraints. The study of interpersonal coordination and adaptation under constraints thus lies at the core of this work, explored through theoretical, methodological, and experimental lenses. Our literature review first highlights a paradox: although passing network analysis has become increasingly popular in the field of team sport performance analysis, the temporal dimension is almost always absent from existing models, which limits their interpretability (and validity). In this context, the Temporal Passing Network Model developed in this thesis offers a methodological contribution addressing the question: “How to integrate the temporal dimension be into team sport passing networks’ analysis to better understand the emergence of collective behavior under constraints?”. This model is then employed to investigate how different constraints influence coordination patterns among players (and particularly their variability): on one hand, through the observation of the score relative to the opponent or the shot clock in basketball; on the other hand, through the manipulation of pedagogical approach, task complexity and social identity in experiments conducted in basketball and rugby union. The results thus reveal how these constraints shape interpersonal coordination processes at the micro level (i.e., the role of individual players) and meso level (i.e., patterns of interaction), and how it may be related to team performance.Cette thèse de doctorat s’inscrit dans une approche transdisciplinaire, mêlant sciences du sport et sciences informatiques pour conceptualiser l’équipe de sport collectif comme un objet complexe. Entre neurosciences comportementales et théorie des graphes, notre regard se porte sur le réseau d’interaction entre les joueurs (en particulier, sur le réseau de passes) pour comprendre le comportement du collectif. Nous commençons par dresser le portrait d’un système complexe adaptatif, dont la structure évolue au cours du temps afin de maintenir ses fonctions dans un environnement changeant, car composé d’un ensemble de contraintes dynamiques et en interaction. L’étude de la coordination interpersonnelle et de l’adaptation sous contraintes constitue donc le cœur de ce travail ; nous nous y penchons au travers des différentes questions théoriques, méthodologiques et expérimentales. Notre revue de la littérature pointe d’abord un paradoxe : si l’étude des réseaux de passes connaît un franc succès dans le champ de l’analyse de la performance en sport collectif, la dimension temporelle est presque toujours effacée des modèles, limitant leur interprétabilité (et leur validité). C’est dans ce contexte que le Temporal Passing Network Model que nous proposons apparait comme une contribution méthodologique répondant à la question : « Comment intégrer la dimension temporelle dans l’analyse des réseaux de passes en sport collectif afin de mieux comprendre l’émergence du comportement collectif sous contraintes ? ». Ensuite, nous employons ce modèle, justement pour étudier l’effet de différentes contraintes sur les patterns de coordination entre les joueurs (et particulièrement sur leur variabilité) : d’un côté, par l’observation de l’effet du score relatif à l’adversaire ou de l’horloge des tirs en basketball ; d’un autre côté, par la manipulation de la pédagogie de l’entraineur, de la complexité de la tâche et de l’identité sociale dans des expérimentations menées en basketball et en rugby. Nos résultats permettent ainsi des mettre en évidence comment ces contraintes influencent le processus de coordination interpersonnelle aux niveaux micro (i.e., rôle d’un joueur) et méso (i.e., pattern d’interaction), et le lien que ça peut avoir avec la performance de l’équipe
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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