1,721,011 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Political theory of hospitality : power relations at the borders of political communities
No full textDans cette thèse, l’auteur cherche à répondre à la question suivante : pourquoi, dans quelles conditions, et avec quelles conséquences, l’hospitalité devient-elle un concept politique ? Cette thèse met au jour les façons dont différentes traditions politiques ont fait appel à ce concept pour déterminer comment la communauté politique doit se lier aux étrangers. L’hospitalité sert ainsi un double objectif : elle permet de préciser le statut des étrangers, et elle justifie l’équilibre pratiqué entre l’inclusion et l’exclusion aux frontières. L’hospitalité apparaît donc à la fois comme une solution historique particulière au problème de la légitimation des frontières des communautés politiques, et comme un outil de problématisation des relations qui s’instaurent entre les communautés et les étrangers. Émergent ainsi différents foyers de problématisation du concept. Dans une démarche d’abord généalogique, on peut ainsi distinguer la relation rituelle qui permet de canaliser l’étrangeté du nouveau venu, la relation réciproque qui rend possible un contrat avec les citoyens, la relation sociale qui fait de l’hospitalité un devoir de protéger les faibles, la relation juridique qui reconnaît des sujets de droit et la relation d’obligation formulée par l’hospitalité des philosophes du droit naturel. Dans un second temps, l’auteur procède à une reconstruction du concept pour notre modernité, en analysant la relation éthique formulée par une hospitalité inconditionnelle, une relation politique sans hospitalité avancée par la théorie politique post-rawlsienne, et la relation démocratique qui fait de la non-domination le but poursuivi par la justice migratoire.In this dissertation, the author raises the following question: Why, how, and with which consequences does hospitality become a political concept? The author shows how different political traditions have used this concept in order to determine the way a political community should relate to foreigners. Hospitality serves a double objective: First, it helps determining the status of foreigners, then, it justifies the practical balance between inclusion and exclusion at the borders. Thus, hospitality appears to be both a historically bound solution to the problem of the legitimation of boundaries, and a tool for problematizing the relations between communities and foreigners. The author brings to light different moments of problematization of hospitality: In a first genealogical part, he determines a ritual relation, which allows to channel the strangeness of the newcomer, a reciprocal relation, which makes possible a contract with the citizens, a social relation, which defines hospitality as a duty to protect the weak, a juridical relation, which creates subjects of law, and a relation based on obligation, as it is conceptualized by natural law theorists. In a second normative part, the author proceeds in reconstructing a political concept of hospitality that could be compatible with modern values. He analyses an ethical relation, based on the idea of an unconditional hospitality, a political relation that dismisses hospitality, as it can be found in post-Rawlsian political theory, and a democratic relation, which bases migratory justice on non-domination
Théorie politique de l'hospitalité : les relations de pouvoir aux frontières des communautés politiques
No full textIn this dissertation, the author raises the following question: Why, how, and with which consequences does hospitality become a political concept? The author shows how different political traditions have used this concept in order to determine the way a political community should relate to foreigners. Hospitality serves a double objective: First, it helps determining the status of foreigners, then, it justifies the practical balance between inclusion and exclusion at the borders. Thus, hospitality appears to be both a historically bound solution to the problem of the legitimation of boundaries, and a tool for problematizing the relations between communities and foreigners. The author brings to light different moments of problematization of hospitality: In a first genealogical part, he determines a ritual relation, which allows to channel the strangeness of the newcomer, a reciprocal relation, which makes possible a contract with the citizens, a social relation, which defines hospitality as a duty to protect the weak, a juridical relation, which creates subjects of law, and a relation based on obligation, as it is conceptualized by natural law theorists. In a second normative part, the author proceeds in reconstructing a political concept of hospitality that could be compatible with modern values. He analyses an ethical relation, based on the idea of an unconditional hospitality, a political relation that dismisses hospitality, as it can be found in post-Rawlsian political theory, and a democratic relation, which bases migratory justice on non-domination.Dans cette thèse, l’auteur cherche à répondre à la question suivante : pourquoi, dans quelles conditions, et avec quelles conséquences, l’hospitalité devient-elle un concept politique ? Cette thèse met au jour les façons dont différentes traditions politiques ont fait appel à ce concept pour déterminer comment la communauté politique doit se lier aux étrangers. L’hospitalité sert ainsi un double objectif : elle permet de préciser le statut des étrangers, et elle justifie l’équilibre pratiqué entre l’inclusion et l’exclusion aux frontières. L’hospitalité apparaît donc à la fois comme une solution historique particulière au problème de la légitimation des frontières des communautés politiques, et comme un outil de problématisation des relations qui s’instaurent entre les communautés et les étrangers. Émergent ainsi différents foyers de problématisation du concept. Dans une démarche d’abord généalogique, on peut ainsi distinguer la relation rituelle qui permet de canaliser l’étrangeté du nouveau venu, la relation réciproque qui rend possible un contrat avec les citoyens, la relation sociale qui fait de l’hospitalité un devoir de protéger les faibles, la relation juridique qui reconnaît des sujets de droit et la relation d’obligation formulée par l’hospitalité des philosophes du droit naturel. Dans un second temps, l’auteur procède à une reconstruction du concept pour notre modernité, en analysant la relation éthique formulée par une hospitalité inconditionnelle, une relation politique sans hospitalité avancée par la théorie politique post-rawlsienne, et la relation démocratique qui fait de la non-domination le but poursuivi par la justice migratoire
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Making democracy a reality
No full textThe question we raise in this chapter is: how can this democratic ideal be put into practice? More specifically, what are the formal political processes, the “rules of the game,” that enable democracy to be (better) achieved? Our goal is to provide an overview of the answers proposed in contemporary theories of democracy. We begin by presenting the theoretical arguments in favor of the institutional model most widely used in political practice, namely representative government centered around elections. We also present the main criticisms that have been developed against it. These criticisms have motivated the development of institutional innovations aimed at enabling better implementation of democratic principles. Some of these innovations seek to improve electoral procedures (section 2); others complement elections (section 3); still others propose to replace elections more radically (section 4). We conclude with some considerations on how these theoretical debates on institutions can inform practical reflections or forms of action
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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