1,720,953 research outputs found
Clinical review: Liberation from mechanical ventilation
No full textMechanical ventilation is the defining event of intensive care unit (ICU) management. Although it is a life saving intervention in patients with acute respiratory failure and other disease entities, a major goal of critical care clinicians should be to liberate patients from mechanical ventilation as early as possible to avoid the multitude of complications and risks associated with prolonged unnecessary mechanical ventilation, including ventilator induced lung injury, ventilator associated pneumonia, increased length of ICU and hospital stay, and increased cost of care delivery. This review highlights the recent developments in assessing and testing for readiness of liberation from mechanical ventilation, the etiology of weaning failure, the value of weaning protocols, and a simple practical approach for liberation from mechanical ventilation. © 2008 BioMed Central Ltd.Afessa B, 1999, CHEST, V116, P456, DOI 10.1378-chest.116.2.456; Alvisi R, 2000, EUR RESPIR J, V15, P656, DOI 10.1034-j.1399-3003.2000.15d06.x; BANNER MJ, 1993, CRIT CARE MED, V21, P1333, DOI 10.1097-00003246-199309000-00017; Behnia M, 2000, AM J MED SCI, V320, P368, DOI 10.1097-00000441-200012000-00003; Blackwood B, 2004, J ADV NURS, V48, P26, DOI 10.1111-j.1365-2648.2004.03165.x; Blackwood B, 2006, ANAESTHESIA, V61, P1079, DOI 10.1111-j.1365-2044.2006.04830.x; Boynton JH, 2004, CRIT CARE, V8, pR261, DOI 10.1186-cc2885; BROCHARD L, 1994, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V150, P896; BROCHARD L, 1991, ANESTHESIOLOGY, V75, P739, DOI 10.1097-00000542-199111000-00004; Bruton A, 2002, HEART LUNG, V31, P141, DOI 10.1067-mhl.2002.122840; Burns KEA, 2006, CAN J ANAESTH, V53, P305; CAPDEVILA XJ, 1995, CHEST, V108, P482, DOI 10.1378-chest.108.2.482; Chatila W, 1996, AM J MED, V101, P61, DOI 10.1016-S0002-9343(96)00064-2; Cohen JD, 2006, CRIT CARE MED, V34, P682, DOI 10.1097-01.CCM.0000201888.32663.6A; Conti G, 2004, INTENS CARE MED, V30, P830, DOI 10.1007-s00134-004-2230-8; Cook D, 2001, CHEST, V120, p438S, DOI 10.1378-chest.120.6_suppl.438S; Davis K, 1999, ARCH SURG-CHICAGO, V134, P59, DOI 10.1001-archsurg.134.1.59; Dehaven CB, 1996, CRIT CARE MED, V24, P976, DOI 10.1097-00003246-199606000-00017; Del Rosario N, 1997, EUR RESPIR J, V10, P2560, DOI 10.1183-09031936.97.10112560; Diehl JL, 1999, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V159, P383; Dries DJ, 2004, J TRAUMA, V56, P943, DOI 10.1097-01.TA.0000124462.61495.45; Duane TM, 2002, ARCH SURG-CHICAGO, V137, P1223, DOI 10.1001-archsurg.137.11.1223; El-Khatib M, 2001, INTENS CARE MED, V27, P52, DOI 10.1007-s001340000758; El-Khatib MF, 2002, CHEST, V121, P475, DOI 10.1378-chest.121.2.475; El-Khatib MF, 2008, INTENS CARE MED, V34, P505, DOI 10.1007-s00134-007-0939-x; Ely EW, 1996, NEW ENGL J MED, V335, P1864, DOI 10.1056-NEJM199612193352502; Ely E W, 2000, Respir Care Clin N Am, V6, P303, DOI 10.1016-S1078-5337(05)70071-X; Engoren M, 1998, CRIT CARE MED, V26, P1817; EPSTEIN SK, 1995, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V152, P545; Epstein S K, 2000, Respir Care Clin N Am, V6, P253, DOI 10.1016-S1078-5337(05)70070-8; ESTEBAN A, 1995, NEW ENGL J MED, V332, P345, DOI 10.1056-NEJM199502093320601; Esteban A, 2004, NEW ENGL J MED, V350, P2452, DOI 10.1056-NEJMoa032736; Esteban A, 1999, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V159, P512; Esteban A, 1997, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V156, P459; ESTEBAN A, 1994, CHEST, V106, P1188, DOI 10.1378-chest.106.4.1188; Ezingeard E, 2006, INTENS CARE MED, V32, P165, DOI 10.1007-s00134-005-2852-5; Ferrer M, 2003, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V168, P70, DOI 10.1164-rccm.200209-1074OC; Francois B, 2007, LANCET, V369, P1083, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(07)60526-1; Frazier SK, 2006, HEART LUNG, V35, P363, DOI 10.1016-j.hrtlng.2005.12.006; Frutos-Vivar F, 2005, CRIT CARE MED, V33, P452, DOI 10.1097-01.CCM.0000153525.37281.D4; Garnacho-Montero J, 2005, CRIT CARE MED, V33, P349, DOI 10.1097-01.CCM.0000153521.41848.7E; Georgopoulos D, 1998, EUR J ANAESTH, V15, P756; Girard TD, 2008, LANCET, V371, P126, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(08)60105-1; Goodman Sheila, 2006, Nurs Crit Care, V11, P23; Grap MJ, 2003, AM J CRIT CARE, V12, P454; Grasso S, 2007, CRIT CARE MED, V35, P96, DOI 10.1097-01.CCM.0000250391.89780.64; Grinnan DC, 2005, CRIT CARE, V9, P472, DOI 10.1186-cc3516; Gutierrez CJ, 2003, J REHABIL RES DEV, V40, P99; HALL JB, 1987, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V257, P1621, DOI 10.1001-jama.257.12.1621; Hendrix H, 2006, EUR J CARDIO-THORAC, V29, P957, DOI 10.1016-j.ejcts.2006.01.036; HESS D, 2002, ESSENTIALS MECH VENT, P121; Hill NS, 2001, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V164, P186; HOLLIDAY JE, 1990, AM REV RESPIR DIS, V141, P1214; Hsu CL, 2005, CRIT CARE, V9, pR46, DOI 10.1186-cc3018; Huang CJ, 2006, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V173, P276, DOI 10.1164-rccm.200504-5450C; IMSAND C, 1994, ANESTHESIOLOGY, V80, P13, DOI 10.1097-00000542-199401000-00006; Iregui M, 2002, CRIT CARE MED, V30, P2038, DOI 10.1097-01.CCM.0000025913.79868.7C; Jacob B, 1997, CRIT CARE MED, V25, P253, DOI 10.1097-00003246-199702000-00010; JONES DP, 1991, CHEST, V100, P1655, DOI 10.1378-chest.100.6.1655; Jubran A, 1998, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V158, P1763; KACMAREK RM, 1989, RESPIR CARE, V34, P136; Khamiees M, 2001, CHEST, V120, P1262, DOI 10.1378-chest.120.4.1262; KIRTON OC, 1995, CHEST, V108, P1021, DOI 10.1378-chest.108.4.1021; Kollef MH, 1997, CRIT CARE MED, V25, P567, DOI 10.1097-00003246-199704000-00004; Krieger BP, 1997, CHEST, V112, P1029, DOI 10.1378-chest.112.4.1029; Kuhlen R, 2003, EUR J ANAESTH, V20, P10; KUHLEN R, 1995, INTENS CARE MED, V21, P554, DOI 10.1007-BF01700159; LEE KH, 1994, CHEST, V105, P540, DOI 10.1378-chest.105.2.540; LELLOUCHE F, 2006, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V174, P849; Leung P, 1997, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V155, P1940; MACINTYRE N R, 1988, Respiratory Care, V33, P121; MacIntyre N R, 2001, Chest, V120, p375S; MANTHOUS CA, 1994, CRIT CARE MED, V22, P1792; MARCELLINO R, 2002, REV PORT CARDIOL, V21, P849; Marelich GP, 2000, CHEST, V118, P459, DOI 10.1378-chest.118.2.459; MARINI JJ, 1986, AM REV RESPIR DIS, V134, P902; Mårtensson Irene E, 2002, Intensive Crit Care Nurs, V18, P219, DOI 10.1016-S0964339702000630; Martinez A, 2003, CHEST, V123, P1214, DOI 10.1378-chest.123.4.1214; McLean SE, 2006, AM J CRIT CARE, V15, P299; Meade M, 2001, CHEST, V120, p425S, DOI 10.1378-chest.120.6_suppl.425S; Mergoni M, 1996, Minerva Anestesiol, V62, P153; Murata K, 2001, J Anesth, V15, P125; Nava S, 1994, Monaldi Arch Chest Dis, V49, P530; Nava S, 1998, ANN INTERN MED, V128, P721; Nelson JE, 2004, CRIT CARE MED, V32, P1527, DOI 10.1097-01.CCM.0000129485.08835.5A; Nevins ML, 2001, CHEST, V119, P1840, DOI 10.1378-chest.119.6.1840; Perren A, 2002, INTENS CARE MED, V28, P1058, DOI 10.1007-s00134-002-1353-z; Petter AH, 2003, ANESTH ANALG, V97, P1743, DOI 10.1213-01.ANE.0000086728.36285.BE; PIERSON DJ, 1995, RESP CARE, V40, P263; PIERSON DJ, 1995, RESPIR CARE, V40, P228; Pierson David J, 2005, Respir Care, V50, P526; POLESE G, 1995, INTENS CARE MED, V21, P682, DOI 10.1007-BF01711550; Racca Fabrizio, 2005, Respir Care Clin N Am, V11, P225, DOI 10.1016-j.rcc.2005.01.001; Ramachandran V, 2005, CRIT CARE, V9, P138, DOI 10.1186-cc3053; RANIERI VM, 1995, INTENS CARE MED, V21, P896, DOI 10.1007-BF01712330; Reddy Venu Gopal, 2005, Middle East Journal of Anesthesiology, V18, P293; Reid C, 2006, J HUM NUTR DIET, V19, P13, DOI 10.1111-j.1365-277X.2006.00661.x; SAHN SA, 1973, CHEST, V63, P1002, DOI 10.1378-chest.63.6.1002; Salam A, 2004, INTENS CARE MED, V30, P1334, DOI 10.1007-s00134-004-2231-7; Shneerson JM, 1997, BRIT J ANAESTH, V78, P238; Sinderby C, 2008, CLIN CHEST MED, V29, P329, DOI 10.1016-j.ccm.2008.01.007; Srivastava S, 1999, CRIT CARE MED, V27, P2109, DOI 10.1097-00003246-199910000-00005; Straus C, 1998, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V157, P23; STROETZ RW, 1995, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V152, P1034; Tanios MA, 2006, CRIT CARE MED, V34, P2530, DOI 10.1097-01.CCM.0000236546.98861.25; Tassaux D, 2005, INTENS CARE MED, V31, P1501, DOI 10.1007-s00134-005-2796-9; Thomas Loris A, 2003, AACN Clin Issues, V14, P73, DOI 10.1097-00044067-200302000-00009; TOBIN MJ, 1986, AM REV RESPIR DIS, V134, P1111; Tobin MJ, 2001, NEW ENGL J MED, V344, P1986, DOI 10.1056-NEJM200106283442606; Tonnelier JM, 2005, CRIT CARE, V9, pR83, DOI 10.1186-cc3030; TRWIT JD, 1992, CHEST, V102, P1216; Vallverdu I, 1998, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V158, P1855; Vassilakopoulos T, 2006, INTENS CARE MED, V32, P684, DOI 10.1007-s00134-006-0104-y; Vassilakopoulos T, 1998, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V158, P378; Vieira JM, 2007, CRIT CARE MED, V35, P184, DOI 10.1097-01.CCM.0000249828.81705.65; Vitacca M, 2001, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V164, P225; WRIGHT PE, 1989, AM REV RESPIR DIS, V140, P10; Wysocki M, 2006, CRIT CARE MED, V34, P2076, DOI 10.1097-01.CCM.0000227175.83575.E9; YANG KL, 1991, NEW ENGL J MED, V324, P1445, DOI 10.1056-NEJM199105233242101; ZANOTTI E, 1995, INTENS CARE MED, V21, P399, DOI 10.1007-BF017074081614
Metastases in malignant pleural mesothelioma: A new radiological appearance
No full textThis report describes a patient with malignant pleural mesothelioma who presented with a right-sided pleural effusion and contralateral parenchymal metastases manifesting as alveolar opacities with air bronchograms. This radiological pattern of metastases has never been described before. The patient died from respiratory failure related to extensive parenchymal metastases, an outcome seldom reported with malignant pleural mesothelioma. © 2008 The Authors.Heki U, 1999, Respirology, V4, P279; Livasy Chad A, 2003, Ann Diagn Pathol, V7, P249, DOI 10.1016-S1092-9134(03)00071-6; MUSK AW, 1991, AUST NZ J MED, V21, P460, DOI 10.1111-j.1445-5994.1991.tb01355.x; Ohishi N, 1996, CHEST, V110, P296, DOI 10.1378-chest.110.1.296; Parker C, 2003, THORAX, V58, P809, DOI 10.1136-thorax.58.9.809; Pistolesi M, 2004, CHEST, V126, P1318, DOI 10.1378-chest.126.4.1318; ROBERTS GH, 1976, BRIT J DIS CHEST, V70, P246; Robinson BWS, 2005, NEW ENGL J MED, V353, P1591, DOI 10.1056-NEJMra050152; SCULLY RE, 1987, NEW ENGL J MED, V316, P1462; URI AJ, 1988, CHEST, V93, P433, DOI 10.1378-chest.93.2.4331
Ventilator auto-cycling from cardiogenic oscillations: Case report and review of literature
No full textBackground: Brain death is the total loss of all brain and brain stem functions, and its diagnosis is often confirmed by an apnoea test, which relies on disconnecting the patient from the ventilator. Auto-triggering or auto-cycling is defined as a ventilator being triggered in the absence of patient effort, intrinsic respiratory drive or inspiratory muscle activity. Ventilator auto-triggering could delay the diagnosis of brain death leading to unnecessary admission for the patient and false hopes of recovery for the family. Methods: We report a case of ventilator auto-triggering associated with cardiogenic oscillations in a female patient. Results: We confirmed the finding of ventilator auto-triggering by changing the patient's position and reassessing the triggering thresholds. Brain death was then confirmed by apnoea test. CONCLUSION: This case is presented to arouse the awareness of the medical staff and nurses to this phenomenon, which can mimic an intrinsic respiratory effort in patients allegedly diagnosed with brain death. Along with this case report, we review the English language publications for similar cases. © 2013 British Association of Critical Care Nurses.Arbour R., 2009, AM J CRIT CARE, V18, P488; Arbour Richard, 2005, AACN Clin Issues, V16, P551, DOI 10.1097-00044067-200510000-00011; Arbour Richard B, 2012, Intensive Crit Care Nurs, V28, P321, DOI 10.1016-j.iccn.2012.03.003; Aslanian P, 1998, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V157, P135; ATS-ERS, 2002, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V166, P518, DOI DOI 10.1164-RCCM.166.4.518; Beck J, 2009, PEDIATR RES, V65, P663, DOI 10.1203-PDR.0b013e31819e72ab; Bohatyrewicz R, 2007, TRANSPL P, V39, P2707, DOI 10.1016-j.transproceed.2007.08.060; CHUI PT, 1995, ANAESTHESIA, V50, P978, DOI 10.1111-j.1365-2044.1995.tb05932.x; Cole RP, 2003, RESUSCITATION, V56, P335, DOI 10.1016-S0300-9572(02)00429-X; Dodd-Sullivan R, 2011, PROG TRANSPLANT, V21, P152; Fenstermacher Denise, 2004, Crit Care Nurs Q, V27, P258; France TE, 2012, RESP CARE, V57, P1334, DOI 10.4187-respcare.01378; Georgopoulos D, 2006, INTENS CARE MED, V32, P34, DOI 10.1007-s00134-005-2828-5; Goulet R, 1997, CHEST, V111, P1649, DOI 10.1378-chest.111.6.1649; Harboe S, 2001, ACTA ANAESTH SCAND, V45, P1295, DOI 10.1034-j.1399-6576.2001.451021.x; Hess Dean R, 2005, Respir Care, V50, P166; Hill LL, 2000, CRIT CARE MED, V28, P579, DOI 10.1097-00003246-200002000-00054; Holt T B, 2001, Respir Care, V46, P1054; Imanaka H, 2000, CRIT CARE MED, V28, P402, DOI 10.1097-00003246-200002000-00019; Kondili E, 2007, CURR OPIN CRIT CARE, V13, P84, DOI 10.1097-MCC.0b013e328011278d; Mcgee WT, 2011, NEUROCRIT CARE, V14, P267, DOI 10.1007-s12028-010-9491-6; Ng HP, 2001, ANAESTHESIA, V56, P85, DOI 10.1046-j.1365-2044.2001.01840-7.x; Nilsestuen Jon O, 2005, Respir Care, V50, P202; NISHIMURA M, 1994, CRIT CARE MED, V22, P1002, DOI 10.1097-00003246-199406000-00020; Pruitt RF, 1996, J TRAUMA, V40, P481, DOI 10.1097-00005373-199603000-00031; Sager Jeffrey S, 2003, Respir Care, V48, P519; SASSOON CSH, 1994, CRIT CARE MED, V22, P1933; SCHWAB RJ, 1991, CHEST, V100, P1172, DOI 10.1378-chest.100.4.1172; Sharshar T, 2003, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V168, P760, DOI 10.1164-rccm.200203-241OC; Sinderby C, 2003, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V168, P729, DOI 10.1164-rccm.2307004; Sinderby C, 1999, NAT MED, V5, P1433, DOI 10.1038-71012; Spahija J, 2010, CRIT CARE MED, V38, P518, DOI 10.1097-CCM.0b013e3181cb0d7b; Suki B, 2000, J APPL PHYSIOL, V89, P2030; Sztark F, 2000, Ann Transplant, V5, P41; TILLES RB, 1975, ANESTHESIOLOGY, V43, P486, DOI 10.1097-00000542-197510000-00016; Tobin MJ, 2001, NEW ENGL J MED, V344, P1986, DOI 10.1056-NEJM200106283442606; Tutuncu AS, 1997, CRIT CARE MED, V25, P756, DOI 10.1097-00003246-199705000-00008; Washko GR, 2006, J APPL PHYSIOL, V100, P753, DOI 10.1152-japplphysiol.00697.2005; Wijdicks EFM, 2001, NEW ENGL J MED, V344, P1215, DOI 10.1056-NEJM200104193441606; Wijdicks EFM, 2005, NEUROLOGY, V65, P774, DOI 10.1212-01.wnl.0000174626.94197.62; Willatts SM, 2000, ANAESTHESIA, V55, P676, DOI 10.1046-j.1365-2044.2000.01421.x11
Copd updates: What's new in pathophysiology and management?
No full textThe historic perspective that used to define chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has changed. As reviewed in this article, it is based on a better understanding of the underlying inflammatory airflow obstruction and a multidimensional classification, which mostly targets a subgroup called 'frequent exacerbators'. Clinical and radioimaging predictors are the stamina for an aggressive therapeutic approach. A simplified explanation of the updated Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease guidelines will ease the burden of treatment selection. © 2013 Informa UK Ltd.Almansa R, 2012, VIRAL IMMUNOL, V25, P249, DOI 10.1089-vim.2011.0095; Anthonisen NR, 2002, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V166, P675, DOI 10.1164-rccm.2112096; Bafadhel M, 2011, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V184, P662, DOI 10.1164-rccm.201104-0597OC; Barnes PJ, 2008, NAT REV IMMUNOL, V8, P183, DOI 10.1038-nri2254; Buist AS, 2007, LANCET, V370, P741, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(07)61377-4; Calverley P, 2003, LANCET, V361, P449, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(03)12459-2; Calverley PM, 2003, EUR RESPIR J, V22, P912, DOI 10.1183-09031936.03.00027003; Calverley PMA, 2007, NEW ENGL J MED, V356, P775, DOI 10.1056-NEJMoa063070; Cosio BG, 2009, THORAX, V64, P424, DOI 10.1136-thx.2008.103432; Cote Claudia G, 2009, Pneumonol Alergol Pol, V77, P305; D'Urzo A, 2011, RESP RES, V12, DOI 10.1186-1465-9921-12-156; Donohue JF, 2010, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V182, P155, DOI 10.1164-rccm.200910-1500OC; FLETCHER C, 1977, BRIT MED J, V1, P1645; Gershon AS, 2011, LANCET, V378, P991, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(11)60990-2; Gielen V, 2010, EUR RESPIR J, V36, P646, DOI 10.1183-09031936.00095809; Greenberg SB, 2000, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V162, P167; Hahn David L, 2011, N Engl J Med, V365, P2236, DOI 10.1056-NEJMc1111248#SA4; Hanania Nicola A, 2007, Proc Am Thorac Soc, V4, P526, DOI 10.1513-pats.200701-016FM; Holloway RA, 2013, CURR OPIN PULM MED, V19, P95, DOI 10.1097-MCP.0b013e32835cfff5; Huertas Alice, 2011, Ther Adv Respir Dis, V5, P217, DOI 10.1177-1753465811400490; Hurst JR, 2010, NEW ENGL J MED, V363, P1128, DOI 10.1056-NEJMoa0909883; Jang YJ, 2006, EUR RESPIR J, V27, P12, DOI 10.1183-09031936.06.00008005; Jones PW, 2012, EUR RESPIR J, V40, P830, DOI 10.1183-09031936.00225511; Jones PW, 2009, EUR RESPIR J, V34, P648, DOI 10.1183-09031936.00102509; Kanehara M, 2008, PULM PHARMACOL THER, V21, P874, DOI 10.1016-j.pupt.2008.09.003; Kikuchi T, 2002, J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH, V49, P745, DOI 10.1093-jac-dkf008; Kim So Ri, 2010, Allergy Asthma Immunol Res, V2, P209, DOI 10.4168-aair.2010.2.4.209; Kim Victor, 2013, Am J Respir Crit Care Med, V187, P228, DOI 10.1164-rccm.201210-1843CI; Kim V, 2011, CHEST, V140, P626, DOI 10.1378-chest.10-2948; Lange P, 2012, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V186, P975, DOI 10.1164-rccm.201207-1299OC; Leidy NK, 2011, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V183, P323, DOI 10.1164-rccm.201005-0762OC; Liang B, 2013, DIS ESOPHAGUS; Lokke A, 2006, THORAX, V61, P935, DOI 10.1136-thx.2006.062802; Lopez AD, 2006, EUR RESPIR J, V27, P397, DOI 10.1183-09031936.06.00025805; Louie S, 2013, EXPERT REV CLIN PHAR, V6, P197, DOI [10.1586-ecp.13.2, 10.1586-ECP.13.2]; Martinez-Garcia MA, 2011, CHEST, V140, P1130, DOI 10.1378-chest.10-1758; Murphy BS, 2008, J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH, V61, P554, DOI 10.1093-jac-dkn007; Niewoehner DE, 2005, ANN INTERN MED, V143, P317; O'Donnell R, 2006, THORAX, V61, P448, DOI 10.1136-thx.2005.024463; Pauwels RA, 2004, LANCET, V364, P613; Sethi S, 2002, NEW ENGL J MED, V347, P465, DOI 10.1056-NEJMoa012561; Sethi S, 2010, RESP RES, V11, DOI 10.1186-1465-9921-11-10; Sethi S, 2008, NEW ENGL J MED, V359, P2355, DOI 10.1056-NEJMra0800353; Soriano JB, 2012, CHEST; Stockley RA, 2006, THORAX, V61, P122, DOI 10.1136-thx.2004.033266; Suissa S, 2012, THORAX, V67, P957, DOI 10.1136-thoraxjnl-2011-201518; Szilasi M, 2006, PATHOL ONCOL RES, V12, P52; Tanabe N, 2011, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V183, P1653, DOI 10.1164-rccm.201009-1535OC; Tashkin DP, 2008, NEW ENGL J MED, V359, P1543, DOI 10.1056-NEJMoa0805800; Tetley Teresa D., 2005, Current Drug Targets - Inflammation and Allergy, V4, P607, DOI 10.2174-156801005774912824; Verleden GM, 2006, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V174, P566, DOI 10.1164-rccm.200601-071OC; Vestbo J, 2011, NEW ENGL J MED, V365, P1184, DOI 10.1056-NEJMoa1105482; Vogelmeier Claus, 2011, Ther Adv Respir Dis, V5, P345, DOI 10.1177-1753465811410100; Waked M, 2009, East Mediterr Health J, V15, P432; Wedzicha JA, 2003, RESP CARE, V48, P1213; Wedzicha Jadwiga A, 2004, Proc Am Thorac Soc, V1, P115, DOI 10.1513-pats.2306030; Wedzicha Jadwiga A, 2003, Respir Care, V48, P1204; Wells JM, 2012, NEW ENGL J MED, V367, P913, DOI 10.1056-NEJMoa1203830; Westwood M, 2011, RESP RES, V12, DOI 10.1186-1465-9921-12-400
Changes in resistances of endotracheal tubes with reductions in the cross-sectional area
No full textBackground and objectives: Partial obstruction of endotracheal tubes due to accumulation of secretions and mucus plugs can increase the tube resistance and subsequently impose increased resistive load on the patient. This study was performed to determine the changes in the resistance of endotracheal tubes of sizes 7.5, 8.0 and 8.5 mm with different degrees and locations of endotracheal tube narrowing. Methods: Reductions of 10percent, 25percent, 50percent and 75percent in the endotracheal tube's cross-sectional areas were created at different sites along the axes of the tube connected to an artificial lung. While ventilating with a constant inspiratory flow, a 1 s end-inspiratory occlusion manoeuvre was applied and the resulting plateau pressure was determined. The resistance was calculated as (peak airway pressure - plateau pressure)-peak inspiratory flow. Results: Significant increases in the endotracheal tube's resistances were observed as the tube's cross-sectional area reduction was increased from 25percent to 50percent and from 50percent to 75percent for the 7.5 mm endotracheal tube, from 25percent to 50percent for the 8.0 mm endotracheal tube, and from 50percent to 75percent for the 8.5 mm endotracheal tube. Changes of the endotracheal tube resistances were not affected by the site of cross-sectional area reductions along the axes of the tubes. Conclusions: For endotracheal tubes of sizes 7.5, 8.0 and 8.5 mm, significant changes in the tubes resistances are observed when the partial obstructions of the tubes exceed certain critical values. The location of the partial obstruction did not affect the changes in the endotracheal tube resistances. © 2008 European Society of Anaesthesiology.Barberis L, 2003, INTENS CARE MED, V29, P130, DOI 10.1007-s00134-002-1568-z; Brochard L, 2002, INTENS CARE MED, V28, P1376, DOI 10.1007-s00134-002-1438-8; Dries DJ, 2004, J TRAUMA, V56, P943, DOI 10.1097-01.TA.0000124462.61495.45; Esteban A, 1999, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V159, P512; Kawati R, 2005, ANESTH ANALG, V100, P889, DOI 10.1213-01.ANE.00016011.19863.9B; Kolobow T, 2005, ANESTHESIOLOGY, V102, P1063, DOI 10.1097-00000542-200505000-00028; MacIntyre N R, 2001, Chest, V120, p375S; Shah C, 2004, CRIT CARE MED, V32, P120, DOI 10.1097-01.CCM.0000104205.96219.D6; VANSURELL C, 1994, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V149, P28; WRIGHT PE, 1989, AM REV RESPIR DIS, V140, P1066
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
