1,721,177 research outputs found
End‐of‐life decision‐making and advance care directives in Italy. A report and moral appraisal of recent legal provisions.
No full textThe present article reviews the state of public debate and legal provisions concerning end‐of‐life decision‐making in Italy and offers an evaluation of the moral and legal issues involved. The article further examines the content of a recent law concerning informed consent and advance treatment directives, the main court pronouncements that formed the basis for the law, and developments in the public debate and important jurisprudential acts subsequent to its approval. The moral and legal grounds for a positive evaluation of this law, which attests that the patient may withhold or withdraw from life‐prolonging treatment, will be offered with reference to liberal approaches and particularly to the frameworks of care and virtue ethics; but reasons will also be offered in order to consider not only the latter but also broader range of end‐of‐life treatment decisions as morally apt options. In this light, we argue in favour of a further development of the Italian legislation to encompass forms of assisted suicide and active euthanasia
Introduzione delle curatrici
No full textSi introducono i temi del volume, cioè la rifelssione morale e politica introno all'aborto, nel contensto di una rinnovata iniziativa femminsita trasnazionale
Management of Jugular Bulb Injury During Transcanal Endoscopic Tympanoplasty
Full text linkVariable internal jugular vein anatomy is not rare. A high jugular bulb (JB) is reported in 6 to 34% of cases and, it can be jeopardized during middle ear surgery, especially if dehiscent. Its injury represents a threatening complication of ear surgery. In recent years there has been an increasing trend in the use of endoscopic ear surgery for a wide range of otologic procedures, but being a one-hand technique, the management of bleeding still represents a challenge. The aim of this video, http://links.lww.com/MAO/B280 is to report the endoscopic surgical management of internal jugular vein hemorrhage during endoscopic type I tympanoplasty
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Endoscopic revision stapes surgery: surgical findings and outcomes
No full textPurpose: Hearing results in revision stapes surgery are largely dependent on the cause of failure, and an appropriate intraoperative diagnosis is crucial for a good outcome. The endoscope allows a detailed exploration of the middle ear cavity and is particularly suitable for the intraoperative assessment of the cause of failure of previous stapes surgery. The present study analyzes the intraoperative findings and outcomes of patients undergoing revision stapes surgery through the endoscopic transcanal approach. Methods: Surgical videos and charts of patients undergoing endoscopic revision stapes surgery from 2008 to 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. Intraoperative findings, difficulties encountered during the surgery and hearing outcomes were evaluated. The feasibility of each surgical step with the totally endoscopic approach or the need for bimanual manipulation was assessed as well. Results: Thirty-four patients were included in the study. The endoscopic transcanal approach allowed a detailed exploration of the middle ear cavity and an accurate intraoperative diagnosis and management of the different causes of failure of the previous surgery. 89.8% of patients achieved an air-bone gap for the PTA ≤ 20 dBHL and 68.5% a closure of the air-bone gap. Conclusions: The present study showed that totally endoscopic revision stapes surgery is a feasible, safe and effective procedure. The transcanal endoscopic approach allowed an accurate intraoperative diagnosis without the need for an endaural or retroauricular approach, with the possibility to manage all the possible intraoperative scenarios. A larger series with a longer follow-up is needed to validate the results
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Endoscopic Management of Malleus Head Fixation in Revision Stapes Surgery
No full textObjective:Malleus ankylosis is an uncommon finding during stapes surgery, which can result in functional failure if undetected during primary surgery. Its management can be difficult and different approaches and solutions have been described to date, most of which require interruption of the ossicular chain. We report the management of such condition through a transcanal endoscopic technique, with preservation of ossicular chain integrity.Patients:The procedure was carried out in a patient affected by otosclerosis with persistent hearing loss after primary stapes surgery.Intervention:Surgical treatment of malleus head fixation through a totally endoscopic transcanal approach during revision stapes surgery.Main Outcome Measure:Pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry.Results:The patient experienced a complete closure of the air-bone gap. No postoperative vertigo or sensorineural hearing loss were observed.Conclusions:The present report describes the transcanal endoscopic management of malleus ankylosis during revision stapes surgery, which has not been previously reported in the literature. Pearls related to this approach and advantages in comparison to previously described approaches of the literature are discussed as well
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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