1,216 research outputs found
Addressing Social Sustainability in Urban Regeneration Processes. An Application of the Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation
No full textThe concept of sustainability is widely seen as fundamental to set up urban and territorial transformations. Sustainable development is a multidimensional and multi-perspective process that deals with the environmental, economic, and social dimensions, with the aim to find a balance among these. Despite this growing attention to sustainability the social perspective has been the less explored of these dimensions and only recently it is receiving consideration due the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that aim at creating sustainable and inclusive cities and communities. In the SDGs, specific attention is focused on the improvement of the quality of life of inhabitants through specific actions dedicated to the valorization of cultural resources, to the protection of the environment, and also to promote the involvement of the local communities in setting policies and programs. The final objective is defining projects based on the social needs shared by the communities. This paper aims at exploring the social sustainability related to urban regeneration processes with particular attention to social cohesion and community engagement. Six different urban regeneration strategies, developed for the regeneration of an urban area located in Northern Italy and based on social housing interventions, have been evaluated in accordance with their social impacts on the stakeholders involved. The paper proposes a multi-methodological approach based on the combination of the stakeholder analysis with the NAIADE (Novel Approach to Imprecise Assessment and Decision Environments) methodology, a particular type of Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation. The stakeholder analysis has been applied to identify the actors to involve in the evaluation, whereas the NAIADE methodology has been implemented for the selection of the most preferable strategy. This method allowed the assessment of the different strategies through the comparison and the mediation between the technical and the social rankings, thus considering the stakeholder preferences in the final evaluation. The final result is coherent with the initial purpose and it demonstrates that the inclusion of the stakeholder is fundamental for the achievement of a consensus solution
La letteratura utopico-fantascientifica degli anni Venti: utopie tecniche e sociali nella Russia post-rivoluzionaria
No full textAddressing social sustainability in urban regeneration processes. An application of the social multi-criteria evaluation
No full textThe concept of sustainability is widely seen as fundamental to set up urban and territorial transformations. Sustainable development is a multidimensional and multi-perspective process that deals with the environmental, economic, and social dimensions, with the aim to find a balance among these. Despite this growing attention to sustainability the social perspective has been the less explored of these dimensions and only recently it is receiving consideration due the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that aim at creating sustainable and inclusive cities and communities. In the SDGs, specific attention is focused on the improvement of the quality of life of inhabitants through specific actions dedicated to the valorization of cultural resources, to the protection of the environment, and also to promote the involvement of the local communities in setting policies and programs. The final objective is defining projects based on the social needs shared by the communities. This paper aims at exploring the social sustainability related to urban regeneration processes with particular attention to social cohesion and community engagement. Six different urban regeneration strategies, developed for the regeneration of an urban area located in Northern Italy and based on social housing interventions, have been evaluated in accordance with their social impacts on the stakeholders involved. The paper proposes a multi-methodological approach based on the combination of the stakeholder analysis with the NAIADE (Novel Approach to Imprecise Assessment and Decision Environments) methodology, a particular type of Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation. The stakeholder analysis has been applied to identify the actors to involve in the evaluation, whereas the NAIADE methodology has been implemented for the selection of the most preferable strategy. This method allowed the assessment of the different strategies through the comparison and the mediation between the technical and the social rankings, thus considering the stakeholder preferences in the final evaluation. The final result is coherent with the initial purpose and it demonstrates that the inclusion of the stakeholder is fundamental for the achievement of a consensus solution
Enhancing Urban Resilience Capacities: An Analytic Network Process-based Application
No full textThe current urban challenge is enhancing, maintaining and improving the urban resilience of cities. However, how can cities as complex and adaptive systems be or become resilient? There are specific capacities/qualities that urban systems should have to enhance and maintain their resilience (e.g. redundancy, resourceful, robustness, etc.). Different studies list and describe these capacities in literature, underling also to which urban dimension (e.g. economy, society) they are referred. However, there is a lack of quantitative assessment of these capacities. As well, the analysis of which degree different urban components can enhance and maintain these capacities. Based on the socio-ecological approach of urban resilience, this study proposes the application of multicriteria analysis (MCA) to evaluate which degree the different urban components can support the enhancement and the maintenance of the specific urban resilience capacities. The proposed framework is an indicators-based method that includes a multidimensional set of urban resilience indicators and the set of urban resilience capacities. In detail, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) has been selected according to its ability to consider the mutual interconnections of the evaluation elements. Moreover, a multidisciplinary panel of experts is asked to weigh the importance of the different urban components in enriching the different urban resilience qualities. The final result is a set of priorities that assess the relative importance of each urban component about a specific urban resilience capacity. The illustrated application is a preliminary pilot case study that quantifies the possibility of quantitatively assessing the urban resilience capacities. In detail, this application refers to a more complex and comprehensive evaluation approach that combines MCA with the System Dynamics Approach (SDM). Therefore, the next step of this research will concern the aggregation and the employment of the obtained priorities in the abovementioned approach to correlate the urban resilience performance with the urban capacities
Supporting sustainability projects at neighbourhood scale: Green visions for the San Salvario district in Turin guided by a combined assessment framework
No full textA resilient city includes multiple energy carriers, high-efficiency infrastructure, lower resource demand to
decarbonize and sustain the urban system in accordance with the Paris Agreement, the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and the various recovery plans following the COVID-19 pandemic period. To achieve these goals, a key role is played by all urban sectors, which can reduce environmental impacts and accelerate the green transition at larger scale. Intervening on a district scale obviously requires the evaluation of different aspects, taking into account both economic and non-economic criteria, as well as different points of view, involving all stakeholders. This paper proposes a multi-step evaluation procedure that extends the European manual-based Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) to include the extra-economic benefits and the stakeholders’ opinion in the evaluation, according to the COmpoSIte Model for Assessment (COSIMA) method. This is the first application of COSIMA in the urban design sectors (i.e. buildings, water, public lighting, transportation and waste management) where different sustainable measures for a real case study located in Turin (Italy) were compared to define the most suitable transformation scenario according to multiple criteria. The results have shown how invasive scenarios allow achieving the greatest benefits, despite the huge initial costs of realization
VALUTAZIONE DEL VALORE ECONOMICO DEI BENI CULTURALI IMMOBILI PER LA LORO RESILIENZA: IL CASO DI STUDIO DELLA CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA DEI MIRACOLI
No full textClimate change, natural disasters, and human activity subject cultural heritage to several shocks and disturbances. The interest in risk reduction and management has increased significantly over the last decades, including for cultural assets. To protect and value them for future generations, the current issue is the increasing of their resilience. This research work is related to the European project "ResCult - Increasing Resilience of Cultural Heritage: A Supporting Decision Tool for the Safeguarding of Cultural Assets". This paper aims on the one hand to illustrate the state of the art on risk assessment in the European context, highlighting its fragmentation, and on the other hand, to determine the economic value expressed by the Church of Santa Maria dei Miracoli in Venice (Italy) through the Travel Cost Method (TCM), as one of the components value to support risk assessment of Cultural Heritage. this study considers how the suggested strategy may be applied on a European level
VALUTAZIONE DEL VALORE ECONOMICO DEI BENI CULTURALI IMMOBILI PER LA LORO RESILIENZA: IL CASO DI STUDIO DELLA CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA DEI MIRACOLI
No full textClimate change, natural disasters, and human activity subject cultural heritage to several shocks and disturbances. The interest in risk
reduction and management has increased significantly over the last decades, including for cultural assets. To protect and value them
for future generations, the current issue is the increasing of their resilience. This research work is related to the European project ResCult
- Increasing Resilience of Cultural Heritage: A Supporting Decision Tool for the Safeguarding of Cultural Assets . This paper
aims on the one hand to illustrate the state of the art on risk assessment in the European context, highlighting its fragmentation, and
on the other hand, to determine the economic value expressed by the Church of Santa Maria dei Miracoli in Venice (Italy) through
the Travel Cost Method (TCM), as one of the components value to support risk assessment of Cultural Heritage. This study considers
how the suggested strategy may be applied on a European level
The use of fuzzy cognitive maps for evaluating the reuse project of military barracks in northern Italy
No full textCities are complex systems and their changing are continuous. The evolution strictly depends on the relationships among the different aspects which compose the same structure, such as social, economic, political, environmental, historical aspects. The consideration of the complexity, the heterogeneity and reciprocal influences of these different elements becomes fundamental in urban regeneration projects that are characterized by many interconnected elements. Starting from a real project in the city of Pinerolo (Italy), the paper aims to investigate the potentiality of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) to represent the complexity of urban transformation processes, paying particular attention to the possibility of analyzing different scenarios simulatio
A System Dynamics Model and Analytic Network Process: An Integrated Approach to Investigate Urban Resilience
No full textDuring the last decade, the concept of urban resilience has been increasingly implemented in urban planning, with the main aim to design urban development strategies. Urban resilience is a multi-dimensional and dynamic concept. When applied to urban planning, it consists of studying cities as complex socio-economic systems. Municipalities are currently working to undertake appropriate actions to enrich the resilience of cities. Moreover, several difficulties concern the evaluation of the impacts over time of the strategies designed to enhance urban resilience. The present paper proposes an integrated approach based on the System Dynamics Model (SDM) and the Analytic Network Process (ANP). The objective of this research is to describe the method and to illustrate its application to the area called Basse di Stura, located in the city of Turin, Italy. The method is applied to evaluate the possible impacts of two different urban scenarios in terms of the change of urban resilience performance over time. The final result is represented by an index that describes urban resilience performance
Fuzzy cognitive maps: A dynamic approach for urban regeneration processes evaluation
No full textLe città sono sistemi complessi, dinamici e adattivi, in continua evoluzione. Il loro andamento è strettamente legato e influenzato dalle relazioni di tipo causa-effetto che intercorrono tra le loro diverse componenti sociali, politiche, economiche ed ambientali.
Analizzare e valutare le città come sistemi complessi e adattivi diventa di fondamentale importanza nell’affrontare processi di trasformazione e rigenerazione urbana. Questi ultimi, infatti, si configurano, per loro natura, come dei processi complessi e multidimensionali, caratterizzati da una molteplicità di variabili, obiettivi e interessi e dinamici rispetto alla scala spaziale e temporale. La loro natura complessa e dinamica, li rende processi decisionali contraddistinti da un elevato livello di incertezza, soprattutto nell’ottica di prevedere i possibili impat- ti futuri che queste trasformazioni potrebbero avere sul- le componenti sociali, economiche ed ambientali.
Un approccio particolarmente promettente nell’ambito dello studio dei sistemi urbani e delle loro trasformazioni è la tecnica delle Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs). La peculiarità di questa metodologia consiste nella loro capacità di descrivere e analizzare il funzionamento di sistemi complessi mediante una mappa cognitiva e di simulare la loro possibile evoluzione, a partire dalle con- dizioni iniziali. Per questa ragione le FCMs sono applicate ed utilizzate per lo studio e l’analisi dei sistemi com- plessi, riferiti a quei domini di conoscenza caratterizzati da un elevato livello di incertezza, come le città e le loro trasformazioni.
Il presente contributo illustra l’applicazione di un approccio integrato basato sulla tecnica delle FCMs a due casi studio, riferiti a due diversi programmi di rigenerazione urbana. Obiettivo di queste applicazioni è mettere in luce le potenzialità di questo strumento nel rappresentare e gestire la complessità dei processi di rigenerazione urbana, ponendo particolare attenzione all’analisi dei comportamenti dinamici delle diverse alternative progettuali, al fine di ridurre l’incertezza rispetto agli impatti futuri, e al tempo stesso evidenziare le criticità della metodologia per identificare gli aspetti da sviluppare nelle ricerche future.Cities are complex, dynamic and adaptive systems that are in continuous evolution. This trend is influenced by causal relationships that occur between the social, political, economic and environmental dimensions that are at the basis of the urban system. Starting from these circumstances, investigating and evaluating the city as a complex and adaptive system has become a fundamental issue in the context of urban transformation and regeneration operations. These are complex and dynamic processes both in temporal and spatial scale that are characterised by a multiplicity of variables, objectives and interests. For these characteristics, they represent particular decision problems described by an high level of uncertainty especially related to the appraisal of their possible future impacts on the social, economic and environmental dimensions. Currently, in the fields of urban studies a promising approach is represented by the Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs). The peculiarity of this technique is the ability both to describe and analyse the functioning of complex systems through a cognitive map and to simulate their possible evolution, starting from the current conditions. For this reason, the technique of FCMs has been applied to study and analyse complex systems, related to those domains characterised by a high level of uncertainty, such as cities and their transformation processes. This paper shows the application of an integrated evaluation approach based on the FCMs technique to two different urban regeneration processes. The article aims to underline both the strenghts of this technique, focusing on its ability to represent and manage the complexity of urban regeneration processes, and the critical aspects to identify the elements that to be developed in the future researches
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