59 research outputs found
Research with The International Research Center for Neurointelligence at The University of Tokyo
No full textWork-Life Stress in Japan: Exploring the Physiological Factors Behind Karōshi and Karōjisatsu
No full textThis study explores how personal and workplace-related factors influence perceived stress, anxiety, and depression among individuals in Japan, particularly those in salaryman-type occupations. Participants completed a self-report survey assessing variables such as number of children, work hours, perceived job control, esteem, influence, and promotional opportunities. The data was analyzed using bivariate Pearson correlations to identify relationships between these variables and mental health outcomes. Results revealed several significant findings. A strong positive correlation was found between the number of children and depression levels, while longer working hours were associated with decreased feelings of job reward, though not with increased stress. Additionally, perceived promotional opportunities and workplace esteem were negatively correlated with anxiety and stress, respectively. Contrary to the initial hypothesis, individuals with less perceived influence at work reported higher stress levels, suggesting that a lack of control may be more detrimental than high responsibility. These findings shed light on the psychological burden of hierarchical, rigid work environments. Although the sample size was small (n=6), this study offers possible initial insight into the psychosocial stressors contributing to issues like karōshi (death from overwork) and karōjisatsu (suicide due to overwork)
Phylogenetic relationships and estimation of divergence times among Sisoridae catfishes
No full textNineteen taxa representing 10 genera of Sisoridae were subjected to phylogenetic analyses of sequence data for the nuclear genes Plagl2 and ADNP and the mitochondrial gene cytochrome . The three data sets were analyzed separately and combined into a single data set to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among Chinese sisorids. Both Chinese Sisoridae as a whole and the glyptosternoid taxa formed monophyletic groups. The genus is likely to be the earliest diverging extant genus among the Chinese Sisoridae. The four species included in the study formed a monophyletic group. was indicated to be earliest diverging glyptosternoid, followed by and . Our data supported the conclusion that and both formed a monophyletic group. On the basis of the fossil record and the results of a molecular dating analysis, we estimated that the Sisoridae diverged in the late Miocene about 12.2 Mya. The glyptosternoid clade was indicated to have diverged, also in the late Miocene, about 10.7 Mya, and the more specialized glyptosternoid genera, such as , originated in the Pleistocene (within 1.9 Mya). The speciation of glyptosternoid fishes is hypothesized to be closely related with the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Nineteen taxa representing 10 genera of Sisoridae were subjected to phylogenetic analyses of sequence data for the nuclear genes Plagl2 and ADNP and the mitochondrial gene cytochrome . The three data sets were analyzed separately and combined into a single data set to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among Chinese sisorids. Both Chinese Sisoridae as a whole and the glyptosternoid taxa formed monophyletic groups. The genus is likely to be the earliest diverging extant genus among the Chinese Sisoridae. The four species included in the study formed a monophyletic group. was indicated to be earliest diverging glyptosternoid, followed by and . Our data supported the conclusion that and both formed a monophyletic group. On the basis of the fossil record and the results of a molecular dating analysis, we estimated that the Sisoridae diverged in the late Miocene about 12.2 Mya. The glyptosternoid clade was indicated to have diverged, also in the late Miocene, about 10.7 Mya, and the more specialized glyptosternoid genera, such as , originated in the Pleistocene (within 1.9 Mya). The speciation of glyptosternoid fishes is hypothesized to be closely related with the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Re-Os dating of chalcopyrite from selected mineral deposits in the Kalatag district in the eastern Tianshan Orogen, China
No full textThe Kalatag Cu-Zn-Au district contains a number of economically important Cu deposits in eastern Tianshan in Xinjiang, NW China. Due to the lack of precise mineralization ages, the metallogenesis of this area has long been a matter of debate. In this study, chalcopyrite Re-Os isotope methods are used to date the South Meiling Cu-Zn and Hongshi Cu deposits in the eastern part of Kalatag area. The South Meiling Cu-Zn deposit is hosted in volcanic-sedimentary rocks of the Late Ordovician to Early Silurian Daliugou Formation. The deposit consists of two parts: a concordant massive sulfide ores and discordant vein-type ores located in the footwall strata. The principal ore minerals are pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, minor tetrahedrite, galena and pyrrhotite. Gangue minerals include quartz, sericite and barite, and minor chlorite, plagioclase and carbonate minerals. The Hongshi Cu deposit represents a hydrothermal vein system hosted in the mafic volcanic rocks of Daliugou Formation. The orebodies are associated with quartz veins and controlled by subsidiary faults of the Kalatag fault. The ore-forming process can be divided into the early, middle and late stages and is characterized by quartz-pyrite, quartz-chalcopyrite-pyrite and quartz-carbonate-gypsum veins, respectively. Re-Os analyses of chalcopyrite from the South Meiling Cu-Zn deposit yield an isochron age of 434.2 +/- 3.9 Ma and initial Os-187/Os-188 ratio of 0.647 +/- 0.098 (MSWD = 0.59). Re-Os analyses of chalcopyrite from the Hongshi Cu deposit yield an isochron age of 431.8 +/- 2.7 Ma and initial Os-187/Os-188 ratio of -0.165 +/- 0.075 (MSWD = 0.77). Since chalcopyrite is the primary copper mineral, we interpret these isochron ages as the timing of Cu mineralization, based on field geology and petrographic evidence. These results suggest that the Re-Os ages presented here provide, for the first time, a direct constraint on an early Paleozoic Cu mineralization event of the eastern Tianshan Orogen. The high initial Os-187/Os-188 ratios (0.647 +/- 0.098) ratio of similar to 434 Ma chalcopyrite from the South Meiling deposit suggest that the metal was sourced from a two end-member mixing of crust and mantle materials. Moreover, we propose that the VMS mineral system and hydrothermal vein system of the Kalatag district were related to the south-dipping subduction of the Kalamaili oceanic plate during the Late Ordovician-Silurian. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.973 Project [2014CB440803]; National Nature Science Foundation of China [41572077, U1139301, 41202064, 41203037]; China Geological Survey Bureau [1212011140056, 12120114081701]SCI(E)[email protected]; [email protected]
Light cues induce protective anticipation of environmental water loss in terrestrial bacteria
No full textThe ecological significance of light perception in nonphotosynthetic bacteria remains largely elusive. In terrestrial environments, diurnal oscillations in light are often temporally coupled to other environmental changes, including increased temperature and evaporation. Here, we report that light functions as an anticipatory cue that triggers protective adaptations to tolerate a future rapid loss of environmental water. We demonstrate this photo-anticipatory stress tolerance in leaf-associated Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss) and other plant- and soil-associated pseudomonads. We found that light influences the expression of 30% of the Pss genome, indicating that light is a global regulatory signal, and this signaling occurs almost entirely via a bacteriophytochrome photoreceptor that senses red, far-red, and blue wavelengths. Bacteriophytochrome-mediated light control disproportionally up-regulates water-stress adaptation functions and confers enhanced fitness when cells encounter light prior to water limitation. Given the rapid speed at which water can evaporate from leaf surfaces, such anticipatory activation of a protective response enhances fitness beyond that of a reactive stress response alone, with recurring diurnal wet–dry cycles likely further amplifying the fitness advantage over time. These findings demonstrate that nonphotosynthetic bacteria can use light as a cue to mount an adaptive anticipatory response against a physiologically unrelated but ecologically coupled stress.This article is published as Hatfield, Bridget M., Breah LaSarre, Meiling Liu, Haili Dong, Dan Nettleton, and Gwyn A. Beattie. "Light cues induce protective anticipation of environmental water loss in terrestrial bacteria." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 120, no. 38 (2023): e2309632120. Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Posted with permission.This article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivativesLicense 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND)
Alphaflexivirus genomes in stony coral tissue loss disease-affected, disease-exposed, and disease-unexposed coral colonies in the U.S. Virgin Islands
No full text© The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Veglia, A., Beavers, K., Van Buren, E., Meiling, S., Muller, E., Smith, T., Holstein, D., Apprill, A., Brandt, M., Mydlarz, L., & Correa, A. Alphaflexivirus genomes in stony coral tissue loss disease-affected, disease-exposed, and disease-unexposed coral colonies in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Microbiology Resource Announcements, 11(2), (2022): e01199–e01121, https://doi.org/10.1128/mra.01199-21.Stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) is decimating Caribbean corals. Here, through the metatranscriptomic assembly and annotation of two alphaflexivirus-like strains, we provide genomic evidence of filamentous viruses in SCTLD-affected, -exposed, and -unexposed coral colonies. These data will assist in clarifying the roles of viruses in SCTLD.This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (Biological Oceanography) award numbers 1928753 to M.E.B. and T.B.S., 1928609 to A.M.S.C., 1928817 to E.M.M., 19228771 to L.D.M., 1927277 to D.M.H., and 1928761 to A.A., as well as by VI EPSCoR (NSF numbers 0814417 and 1946412)
The research and application of electricity economic boom model under the constraint of energy conservation and emission reduction
No full text[[alternative]]The Associations of Health, Physical Activity and Functional Fitness among Older Adults
No full text[[abstract]]The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between health status, physical activity, and functional fitness among older adults. In addition, it was to investigate if perceived health status and self-report chronic illnesses were the predictors of physical activity and functional fitness. A total of 100 individuals, age between 65~80 who lived in Chung-li city, participated in current study. The study data was obtained by (1) structured questionnaire and interview and (2) examination of functional fitness by the researcher. The data was analyzed by Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression. The results showed: (1) Functional health was positively associated with physical activity, upper- and lower-body muscular strength, aerobic endurance, agility/dynamic balance and shoulder flexibility; (2) Perceived health status was positively associated with upper- and lower-body muscular strength, aerobic endurance, agility/dynamic balance and lower-body flexibility; self-report chronic diseases was negatively associated with physical activity, agility/dynamic balance and shoulder flexibility and lower-body flexibility; (4) Physical Activity positively associated with aerobic endurance, shoulder flexibility, agility/dynamic balance and lower-body flexibility; (5) Self-report chronic illnesses was the predictor of physical activity; (6) Perceived health status was the predictor of lower-body muscular strength, upper-body muscular strength, aerobic endurance, agility/dynamic balance and lower-body flexibility. According to the results of this study, there were two major findings: (1) Self-report chronic illnesses were able to predict physical activity, and (2) Perceived health status was able to predict functional fitness.
The Development of Biomimetic Biomaterials to Present Microenvironmental Cues for the Regulation of hBMSC Differentiations
No full textZhu, Meiling.Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2016.Includes bibliographical references (leaves ).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on …)
Construction of Legal Order in Traditional Villages under the Background of Rural Revitalization Strategy--Taking Qianmei Village of Shantou City as an Example
No full textSince the new era, the construction of rural rule of law has gradually received more attention and attention. The construction of rural rule of law order is an important link to promote the construction of rural rule of law, and it is an inherent requirement to promote the implementation of rural revitalization strategy from the track of rule of law. Under the background of rural revitalization strategy, traditional villages take cultural tourism development as a means of revitalization and development and introduce more subjects such as tourists into the field of rural development. The experience and deficiencies of rural governance and the construction of legal order are of more reference value. Taking Qianmei Village, Shantou City, Guangdong Province as an example, this study uses the research methods of questionnaire survey, interview survey, field observation and literature survey to explore the practical experience of traditional villages in promoting rural governance by industrial development and forming villagers' norms by village rules and people's conventions, and concludes that there are four problems in the construction of the rule of law in the process of unclear legislation, lack of confidence, lack of law popularization and insufficient guarantee mechanism. In the face of these problems, the author tries to improve the basic legal system and build the foundation of the legal order in rural areas. Improve the ability to practice the rule of law and establish the authority of the rule of law in rural areas; Improve grassroots legal services, based on the actual needs of rural areas; The overall idea of strengthening the publicity and education of the rule of law and innovating the publicity methods of the rule of law seeks to make the rule of law truly rooted in the rural land of Chinese society
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