1,720,985 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Prevalence of new diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in Kosovo
Get PDFBackground. Screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary care in developing
contries remains a challenge, therefore pragmatic models of opportunistic screening
should be explored.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of new cases of diabetes and impaired fasting
glucose in general practices of Kosovo and investigate the feasibility and performance
of a pragmatic system for identifying patients with these two conditions.
Settings: Five general practices in Kosovo.
Methods: The study utilized an opportunistic screening programme for type 2 diabetes
detectection in primary care. All patients with at least one risk for undiagnosed type 2
diabetes, aged 45-70, who attended to general practices for any reason were
screened. Fasting capillary blood glucose was measured on two independent days.
Additionally, anthropometric measurements were also performed
Results: A total of 1208 patients were screened for type 2 diabetes. There were 152
(12.6%) undiagnosed type 2 diabetes and 185 (15.3%) prediabetes patients
Significant prediction factors (p<0.05) were; overweight (77.6%), hypertension (68.1%)
and hyperlipidemia (38.5%). The majority of patients (76.2%) had two risk factors and
36% had three risk factors
Conclusions: The ‘pragmatic’ opportunistic screening process in this study was
suitable for implementation in transition countries like Kosovo and resulted in detection
of significant number of patients with pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes who were also
overweight, had hypertension and hyperlipidaemi
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Prescribing antibiotics in family medicine practices for upper respiratory tract infections
No full textUvod: Najčešća indikacija za propisivanje antibiotika u primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti su akutne infekcije gornjih respiratornih puteva. Istražili smo učestalost propisanih antibiotika u pacijenata sa akutnom infekcijom gornjih respiratornih puteva. -----
Metode: Provedeno je presječno istraživanje listopada - prosinca 2017. godine u 17 ordinacija obiteljske medicine na području Hrvatske. Okosnica istraživanja je posjet pacijenta sa simptomima infekcije gornjih respiratornih puteva liječniku obiteljske medicine. Alat za procjenu razloga dolaska, kliničkog statusa i postupaka liječnika je namjenski strukturirani upitnik. Klinički status pacijenata sa grloboljom svrstan je u kategorije prema Centor kriterijima. -----
Rezultati: U istraživanje je uključeno 709 posjeta pacijenata. 73.4% posjeta obiteljskom liječniku zbog akutne respiratorne infekcije je inicijalna. Simptomi su prije posjete liječniku trajali 1-2 dana u 43.8% posjeta. Antibiotik je za akutnu infekciju gornjih respiratornih puteva propisan u ukupno 32.6% slučajeva. Za grlobolju koja ispunjava Centor 1, 2 kriterija antibiotik je propisan u 53.1% slučajeva, a za Centor 3, 4 u 94.1% slučajeva. Logistička regresijska analiza o utjecaju nekliničkih varijabili na propisivanje antibiotika pokazala je da je najviše antibiotika propisano ponedjeljkom. Najpropisivanija skupina antibiotika je penicilinska skupina 74.8% (fenoksimetilpenicilin 26.7%, amoksicilin 26.1% te amoksicilin + klavulonska kiselina 22.7%), slijede makrolidni antibiotici 17.6% i cefalosporini 4.0%. ----- Zaključak: Liječnici obiteljske medicine propisuju antibiotike za ARI u većem omjeru nego prema medicini utemeljenoj na dokazima i stručnim kriterijima.Aim: Acute upper respiratory tract infections are the most common indication for antibiotic prescribing in primary care. The frequency of antibiotics prescribed to patients with upper respiratory tract infections has been studied. -----
Methods: A cross-sectional survey has been conducted from October to December 2017 with participation of 17 General Practices in Croatia. Visits of patients with symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections made the survey framework. A specially structured questionnaire was a tool for the assessment of reasons for encounters, clinical statuses and practitioners’ decisions. According to the registered clinical status, two independent doctors classified patients with tonsilitis using Centor criteria. ----- Results: The survey analysed 709 patients’ visits. Seventy three percent of general practice visits due to acute respiratory tract infection were initial. Antibiotics had been prescribed in the total of 32.6% of cases. Analysing tosilitis with Centor score 1 and 2, antibiotics had been prescribed in 53.1% cases and for tonsilitis with the Centor score 3 and 4, antibiotics had been prescribed in 94.1% of cases. Logistic regression analysis about the contribution of nonclinical variables to antibiotic prescribing showed that most often antibiotics had been prescribed on Mondays. The most prescribed group of antibiotics was the penicillin group (74.8%), followed by macrolides (17.6%) and cephalosporins (4.0%). -----
Conclusion: General practitioners prescribe antibiotics for acute respiratory tract infections more than recommended by evidence based medicine and professional criteria
Prescription of antibiotics in family practice in Zagreb and surroundings
No full textU ambulantama obiteljske medicine propiše se 80% antibiotika za sistemsku uporabu. S početkom 2015. godine uveden je QI indeks za racionalno propisivanje antibiotika s praćenja kako bi se smanjila prekomjerna potrošnja i razvoj bakterijske rezistencije. Rad istražuje koji su najpropisivaniji antibiotici za infekcije dišnog i urinarno sustava kao najčešćih infekcija u čovjeka na uzorku tri ambulante obiteljske medicine na području Zagreba i okolice. Propisivani antibiotici se uspoređuju s dostupnim smjernicama za liječenje istih. 93% svih propisanih antibiotika bilo je za infekcije dišnog i urinarnog sustava. Najčešće propisivani antibiotik za infekcije dišnog sustava bio je azitromicin, a iza njega amoksicilin i ko-amoksiklav. Za infekcije urinarnog sustava je bio nitrofurantoin. Od ukupno propisanih antibiotika, azitromicin, amoksicilin i ko-amoksiklav činili su 74,8%. Razlog najpropisivanijeg makrolida azitromicina je u povišenom broju atipičnih pneumonija uzrokovanih bakterijom Mycoplasmom pneumoniae. Podatke o propisivanju je potrebno prikupiti na temelju cijele godine kako bi se dobio kvalitetniji uvid u potrošnji antibiotika.80% of antibiotics for systemic use is prescribed by family practice. In year 2015 QI index for rational prescription of antibiotics is introduced with goal to reduce overprescription and bacterial resistance. This paper investigates most prescribed antibiotics for infections of respiratory and urinary tract on sample of three family medicine practices in ares of Zagreb and its surrounding. Prescribed antibiotics are compared with avaliable guidelines. 93% prescribed antibiotics were for respiratory and urinary tract infections. Azitromicin was most prescribed antibiotic for respiratory tract infections followed by amoxicillin and amoxicillin + clavulonic acid. For urinary tract infections, nitrofurantion was most prescribed. 74,8% of the precribed antibiotics were azitromicin, amoxicillin and amoxicillin + clavulonic acid. Reason for azitromicin being most prescribed is because of increased number of atypical pneumonia during investigated period caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Data on prescribed antibiotics should be analyzed in years time in order to get more detail informations on prescribed antibiotics
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Measurement systems in industry and laboratory
No full textOvaj rad se bavi analizom mjernih sustava u industrijskoj proizvodnji i laboratorijima, s ciljem
ocjene njihove pouzdanosti i utjecaja na kvalitetu proizvoda. Kroz rad se analizira važnost
pravilnog odabira i ispitivanja mjernih sustava za osiguravanje točnih, preciznih i stabilnih
rezultata. Obrađuju se osnovne vrste analiza mjernih sustava: analiza tipa 1, analiza linearnosti
i sustavnog pomaka, procjena ponovljivosti i obnovljivosti rezultata mjerenja (engl. GR&R)
ukrižena, ugniježđena i proširena analiza te analiza atributivnog mjernog sustava.
Također se analizira važnost mjerne nesigurnosti u laboratorijskim okruženjima putem Monte
Carlo metode, GUM (engl. Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement) te Bayesove
metode.
Za svaku od navedenih analiza mjernih sustava je dan primjer kroz koji je metoda objašnjena,
analizirane su utjecajne komponente na mjerni sustav te analizirani dani rezultati.This thesis addresses the analysis of measurement systems in industrial production and
laboratories, with the aim of assessing their reliability and impact on product quality. The paper
analyzes the importance of proper selection and testing of measurement systems to ensure
accurate, precise, and stable results. It covers the basic types of measurement system analyses:
Type 1 analysis, linearity and systematic shift analysis, the evaluation of repeatability and
reproducibility of measurement results (GR&R) – crossed, nested, and expanded analysis, and
analysis of attribute measurement systems.
Additionally, the paper examines the importance of measurement uncertainty in laboratory
environments through the Monte Carlo method, GUM (Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty
in Measurement), and Bayesian methods.
For each of the mentioned measurement system analyses, an example is provided through which
the method is explained, the influencing components on the measurement system are analyzed,
and the given results are discussed
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