489 research outputs found
Oncogenic NRAS Accelerates Rhabdomyosarcoma Formation When Occurring within a Specific Time Frame during Tumor Development in Mice
No full textIn the Ptch+/- mouse model for embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS), we recently showed that oncogenic (onc) H-, K- or NRAS mutations do not influence tumor growth when induced at the advanced, full-blown tumor stage. However, when induced at the invisible ERMS precursor stage at 4 weeks of age, tumor development was enforced upon oncHRAS and oncKRAS but not by oncNRAS, which instead initiated tumor differentiation. These data indicate that oncRAS-associated processes differ from each other in dependency on the isoform and their occurrence during tumor development. Here, we investigated the outcome of oncNRAS induction at an earlier ERMS precursor stage at 2 weeks of age. In this setting, oncNRAS accelerates tumor growth because it significantly shortens the ERMS-free survival and increases the ERMS incidence. However, it does not seem to alter the differentiation of the tumors. It is also not involved in tumor initiation. Together, these data show that oncNRAS mutations can accelerate tumor growth when targeting immature ERMS precursors within a specific time window, in which the precursors are permissive to the mutation and show that oncNRAS-associated processes differ from each other in dependency on their occurrence during tumor development
Planning in Brazil, India and Germany
No full textPlanning is a fundamental cognitive ability that helps in organizing and structuring events unfolding in a person\u27s daily life. Two studies are presented that analyze planning behavior in different cultures: Brazil, India, and Germany. The first is a cross-cultural psychological study in which students develop plans for uncertain problem scenarios. The second study follows a cultural psychological tradition. Workers from different domains are interviewed about their life problems and plans. The strengths and the weaknesses of both approaches become obvious in the description and discussion of these two studies. The cross-cultural study sheds light on cross-cultural similarities and differences in planning in Brazil, India, and Germany. The cultural psychological approach yields data regarding a theoretical model on the specific cultural influences on planning
Context-dependent modulation of aggressiveness of pediatric tumors by individual oncogenic RAS isoforms
No full textAbstract A prototypic pediatric cancer that frequently shows activation of RAS signaling is embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS). ERMS also show aberrant Hedgehog (HH)/GLI signaling activity and can be driven by germline mutations in this pathway. We show, that in ERMS cell lines derived from sporadic tumors i.e. from tumors not caused by an inherited genetic variant, HH/GLI signaling plays a subordinate role, because oncogenic mutations in HRAS , KRAS , or NRAS (collectively named oncRAS) inhibit the main HH target GLI1 via the MEK/ERK-axis, but simultaneously increase proliferation and tumorigenicity. oncRAS also modulate expression of stem cell markers in an isoform- and context-dependent manner. In Hh -driven murine ERMS that are caused by a Patched mutation, oncHRAS and mainly oncKRAS accelerate tumor development, whereas oncNRAS induces a more differentiated phenotype. These features occur when the oncRAS mutations are induced at the ERMS precursor stage, but not when induced in already established tumors. Moreover, in contrast to what is seen in human cell lines, oncRAS mutations do not alter Hh signaling activity and marginally affect expression of stem cell markers. Together, all three oncRAS mutations seem to be advantageous for ERMS cell lines despite inhibition of HH signaling and isoform-specific modulation of stem cell markers. In contrast, oncRAS mutations do not inhibit Hh-signaling in Hh-driven ERMS. In this model, oncRAS mutations seem to be advantageous for specific ERMS populations that occur within a specific time window during ERMS development. In addition, this window may be different for individual oncRAS isoforms, at least in the mouse.Abstract A prototypic pediatric cancer that frequently shows activation of RAS signaling is embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS). ERMS also show aberrant Hedgehog (HH)/GLI signaling activity and can be driven by germline mutations in this pathway. We show, that in ERMS cell lines derived from sporadic tumors i.e. from tumors not caused by an inherited genetic variant, HH/GLI signaling plays a subordinate role, because oncogenic mutations in HRAS , KRAS , or NRAS (collectively named oncRAS) inhibit the main HH target GLI1 via the MEK/ERK-axis, but simultaneously increase proliferation and tumorigenicity. oncRAS also modulate expression of stem cell markers in an isoform- and context-dependent manner. In Hh -driven murine ERMS that are caused by a Patched mutation, oncHRAS and mainly oncKRAS accelerate tumor development, whereas oncNRAS induces a more differentiated phenotype. These features occur when the oncRAS mutations are induced at the ERMS precursor stage, but not when induced in already established tumors. Moreover, in contrast to what is seen in human cell lines, oncRAS mutations do not alter Hh signaling activity and marginally affect expression of stem cell markers. Together, all three oncRAS mutations seem to be advantageous for ERMS cell lines despite inhibition of HH signaling and isoform-specific modulation of stem cell markers. In contrast, oncRAS mutations do not inhibit Hh-signaling in Hh-driven ERMS. In this model, oncRAS mutations seem to be advantageous for specific ERMS populations that occur within a specific time window during ERMS development. In addition, this window may be different for individual oncRAS isoforms, at least in the mouse
Decision Making in Individualistic and Collectivistic Cultures
No full textHow do cultural values influence individuals\u27 decision making? One would expect answers to this question either from cognitive psychology or from cross-cultural psychology. Cognitive theories on decision making, however, rarely consider the factor of culture, and research in cross-cultural psychology deals only to a small extent with decision making. Therefore the study of culture and decision making is a relatively new and unexplored field. In this paper normative and descriptive approaches to decision making are discussed and three cross-cultural studies on decision making in individualistic and collectivist cultures using different methodologies are described. The results are integrated into a model that can be helpful to derive specific hypotheses for further studies in this field
Beato Iohannes Traguriensis and Dominik Andreis
No full textIn the 17th century, the hagiography and iconography of Bishop Iohannes Traguriensis were enriched by various members of Trogir’ s noble families. In this promotion of the cult of the local beato, Dominik Andreis stands out with his efforts: he was the author of an unpublished Litany in Croatian (1632), the instigator of publishing an Italian Vita by Giovanni Francesco Loredan (1648), and the sponsor of a three act drama by Girolamo Brusoni (1656), performed in Trogir with musical intermezzos and published two years later (1658)
Russian Philosophy as interpreted by Dominik Barač
No full textU članku autor prikazuje lik Dominika Barača, dominikanca, filozofa i teologa koji se bavio socijalnom filozofijom boljševizma, odnosno komunizma u Rusiji. Proučava povijesne korijene i uzrok njezina nastajanja, kao i njezin odraz i utjecaj na kršćanstvo. U ruskoj socijalnoj filozofiji boljševizma, koja počiva na ideologiji, totalitarizmu i diktaturi, autor otkriva ideološko-materijalističko ateističko usmjerenje. Kritičkim pristupom ruskoj filozofiji, koja upotrebljava dijalektičko-materijalističko-marksističku metodu, s tomističkog i kršćanskog stajališta uočava teške zablude boljševizma, odnosno komunizma glede poimanja društva u kojemu pojedinac, ljudska osoba, gubi svoju osobnost i dostojanstvo, što je u potpunoj suprotnosti sa socijalno-etičkim principima naučavanja sv. Tome Akvinskoga, skolastičkom filozofijom i kršćanskim naukom.In this article the author gives a portrayal of Dominik Barač - Dominican priest, philosopher and theologian - who was engaged in the study of the social philosophy of Bolshevism, or rather Communism in Russia: its historical roots, the reasons for its emergence and the effect it wrought upon Christianity. The Russian social philosophy of Bolshevism is based on ideological principles, totalitarianism and dictatorship, hence the author unveils its ideological-materialistic-atheistic bent. With a critical approach to Russian philosophy, in which the dialectic-materialistic-marxist method is applied, the author points out from a Thomist and Christian point of view the grave errors of Bolshevism: misconceptions regarding its understanding of a society in which the individual human person in effect loses his individuality and his dignity, this being contrary to the social-ethical principles taught by St. Thomas Aquinas, by the Scholastics and by Christian doctrine
Archeographic heritage of a scientist-reformat Stanislaw Dominik Kleczewski (1714-1776) in the fonds of the Institute of Manuscript of V. Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine
No full textThe author has investigated the manuscripts of Stanislaw Dominik Kleczewski (1714-1776), a Polish reformat-scientist, the author of works written during Enlightenment. The analyzed manuscripts are deposited in the fonds of the Institute of Manuscript of V. Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine. Documents from the archive of the Russian province reformats and biobliographic literature helped us to reconstruct S. Kleczewski biography and evaluate his scientific activity and clerical career. We have accentuated the role of S. Kleczewski in the acceleration of the province convention libraries acquisition. We have also revealed and attributed the autographs of his works in biblical history "Diluvio universale" and "Theocratia albo wielmożność dzieł boskich…", defined their contents and archeographic features. Bibliographic sources that S. Kleczewski used and their location in the libraries of Russian province convents are defined. The manuscript version of S. Kleczewski treatise in Slavic history "Lechus historiae Polonae restitutus" is analyzed, its specifics and textological divergences in comparison with the exemplar of Olomouc edition of 1774 are defined. A large complex of previously unknown manuscript sources from the fonds of the Institute of Manuscript of VNLU is introduce
Kultura jako hrad přepevný: hledání občanské společnosti. Dominik Tatarka 1968-1969
No full textThe topic of this historical research based on a constructive paradigm is the development of civil society in Slovakia. This orientation is realised through the research of the life and work of the Slovak writer Dominik Tatarka, with a focus on the essays he wrote in the course of the reform movement of the Prague Spring. In the chapter called Contextualisation, there is an explanation of the influence of social and political developments on this author between 1913 and 1967. In the following chapter, called Interpretation, there is an attempt to understand Tatarka's concept of culture, which he presented and published in 1968-1969. This understanding is done from the perspective of the theory of civil society with a method of qualitative content analysis. Contribution to the topic lies in the conclusion that the basis of Dominik Tatarka's political and philosophical ideas is similar to the basis of ideas establishing a civil society. Specific to the case of Slovak society in 1968, however, was the fact that it was only partially modernized and that the first political and cultural priority was the defense of the national interest. By applying his ideas to Slovak society, Tatarka arrives at conclusions that are, from the perspective of the theory of civil society, contradictory and do not allow us to label...Studium humanitní vzdělanosti - Společenskovědní modulLiberal Arts and Humanities - Social Sciences ModuleFaculty of HumanitiesFakulta humanitních studi
Understanding of Society by Czech Pre-school Children
No full textTITLE: Understanding of Society by Czech Pre-school Children AUTHOR: Nikol Tomášková DEPARTMENT: Institute for Research and Development of Education SUPERVISOR: RNDr. Dominik Dvořák, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: The society's need to teach financial literacy to children of as early as pre-school age is ever increasing. Since there is number of methodologies currently being developed on this topic, the author considers crucial to explore a child's conception of socioeconomic phenomena associated with financial literacy before these guidelines are introduced in Czech nursery schools for practical use. In this thesis pre-school children's perception of such phenomena as profession, employment and associated financial flows, as well as the concept of poverty and wealth are being examined. Theoretical basis of this research uses certain principles of the constructivist model of development and education within the general framework of pre- school education. Our work has been also influenced by the ideas of J. Piaget and L. S. Vygotsky, in particular by those on children's thinking and thought processes. As a method to examine the above mentioned perceptions of children, an in-depth clinical interview has been used. The interview aimed to explore not only what knowledge of the selected socioeconomic phenomena the respondents..
Praktyczne wykorzystanie health literacy - alfabetyzmu zdrowotnego, jako narzędzia osiągania celów zdrowotnych = Practical use of health-literacy as a tool for achieving health goals
No full textOlejniczak Dominik. Praktyczne wykorzystanie health literacy - alfabetyzmu zdrowotnego, jako narzędzia osiągania celów zdrowotnych = Practical use of health-literacy as a tool for achieving health goals. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(2):238-243. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.46654
http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3383
https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/717109
The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015).
755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7
© The Author (s) 2016;
This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland
Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial
use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.
Received: 05.01.2016. Revised 12.02.2016. Accepted: 21.02.2016.
Praktyczne wykorzystanie health literacy - alfabetyzmu zdrowotnego, jako narzędzia osiągania celów zdrowotnych
Practical use of health-literacy as a tool for achieving health goals
Dominik Olejniczak
Zakład Zdrowia Publicznego, Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny
dr n. med. Dominik Olejniczak
Zakład Zdrowia Publicznego
Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny
ul. Banacha 1a, blok F
02-097 Warszawa
Tel: 22 599 21 80
Streszczenie
Alfabetyzm zdrowotny jest to stosunkowo nowy termin we współczesnej promocji zdrowia. Powstał on w wyniku zapotrzebowania na nazwanie pewnego zbioru uwarunkowań i kompetencji, determinujących zdrowie jednostek i populacji. Można go definiować jako zbiór kompetencji i umiejętności, w zakresie szeroko rozumianego zdrowia, pozyskanych na drodze właściwego wykorzystania źródeł informacji, pozwalający na minimalizowanie występowania i wpływu czynników ryzyka zdrowotnego na jednostkę i środowisko, w którym funkcjonuje, w celu poprawy i utrzymania dobrego stanu zdrowia
Budowanie tej kompetencji stanowić winno jedno z podstawowych zadań promocji zdrowia. Wysoki poziom alfabetyzmu zdrowotnego wiąże się z większym potencjałem zdrowotnym, co znacznie zwiększa szanse na poprawę stanu zdrowia jednostek i populacji.
Słowa kluczowe: alfabetyzm zdrowotny, edukacja zdrowotna, promocja zdrowia.
Abstract
Health literacy is a relatively new term in contemporary health promotion. It was created as a result of the demand for naming a set of conditions and competencies that determine the health of individuals and populations. It can be defined as a set of competencies and skills, in terms of the wider health, obtained through the proper use of sources of information, allowing you to minimize the occurrence and impact of risk factors on individual health and the environment in which it operates, in order to improve and maintain good health.
Building health literacy should be the one of the fundamental tasks of health promotion. The high level of health literacy is associated with greater potential for health, which greatly increases the chances of improving the health of individuals and population.
Key words: health literacy, health education, health promotion
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