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Diagnóstico espacio temporal de las variables abióticas y bióticas, que afectan la estructura de la comunidad de los macroinvertebrados bentónicos, presentes en un ecosistema lótico
Get PDFResumenPara determinar los cambios espacio temporales de las variables bióticas y abióticas que modifican la estructura de los macroinvertebrados bentónicos, se establecieron 6 estaciones de monitoreo distribuidas en el trayecto de la parte alta (Municipio de Pamplona -media (Municipio de Cúcuta)) del río Pamplonita. El muestreo se realizó durante 7 meses, para un total de 42 muestras distribuidas durante los periodos bimodales de lluvia y sequía. El tipo de investigación fue descriptiva y aplicada. Se obtuvieron los índices de contaminación por materia orgánica (ICOMO), Índice de Contaminación por Mineralización (ICOMI) e Índice de Contaminación por pH (ICOpH). La estructura de la comunidad bentónica se analizó mediante el índice de diversidad (Shannon-Weiner). Finalmente se validó el modelo matemático (Índice de Tolerancia frente un gradiente de contaminación por materia orgánica), a partir de las relaciones definidas entre las variables bióticas y abióticas. Los resultados del ICOMO reflejaron que la estación del terminal de Pamplona localizada a una altura de 2295 m.s.n.m., es la de mayor carga de materia orgánica con un promedio de 0,79, con un índice de diversidad de Shannon, promedio de 0,63, de diversidad muy baja. La estación de menor contaminación fue la del Puente de San Rafael, con un promedio de ICOMO igual a 0,44, y un índice de diversidad muy baja igual a 0,85.Los resultados biológicos registraron un total de 115 familias de macroinvertebrados acuáticos, 103 son organismos estenotípicos a condiciones de mala calidad del agua. Para la validación del modelo de índice de tolerancia, solo se aplicó a las 12 familias de mayor porcentaje de abundancia, consideradas euritípicas a la contaminación, ya que ésta situación se observó en las 6 estaciones de muestreo. Entre ellas las que reportaron mayor abundancia fueron Baetidae con 33% de abundancia, seguido de la familia Glossiphoniidae con 16,8% de abundancia.Palabras clave: biótico, abiótico, Macroinvertebrados bentónicos, índice de contaminación, índice de diversidad, calidad del agua.AbstractTo determine the spatial and temporal changes of the biotic and abiotic variables that modify the structure of the benthic macroinvertebrates, six monitoring stations were set up along the Upper Pamplona (Pamplona Municipality) of the Pamplonita River. Sampling was carried out during 7 months, for a total of 42 samples distributed during the bimodal times of rain and drought. The type of investigation was descriptive and applied. The indices of contamination by organic matter (ICOMO), Pollution Index by The structure of the benthic community was analyzed using the diversity index (Shannon- Weiner) and finally the mathematical model was validated (Index of Tolerance against a gradient of contamination by matter The results of ICOMO showed that the terminal station of Pamplona located at a height of 2,295 msnm, is the one with the highest organic matter load with an average of 0, 79, with a Shannon diversity index, average of 0.63, of very low diversity. The lowest contamination station was the San Rafael Bridge, with an ICOMO average of 0.44, and a very low diversity index of 0.85. The biological results recorded a total of 115 families of aquatic macro invertebrates, 103 arestenotypic organismsin conditions of poor water quality. For the validation of the tolerance index model, it was only applied to the 12 families with the highest percentage of abundance considered eurythyics to the contamination, since this situation was observed in the 6 sampling stations. Among them, Baetidae had a higher abundance with 33% abundance, followed by the family glossiphoniidae with 16.8% abundanceKeywords: Biotic, abiotic, benthic macroinvertebrates, pollution index, diversity index, water quality.ResumoPara determinar as mudanças espaço-temporais de variáveis bióticas e abióticas que modificam a estrutura de macroinvertebrados, 6 estações de monitoramento distribuído no caminho do topo (Município -Media Pamplona (Município Cúcuta)) estabeleceu rio Pamplonita . A amostragem foi levada a cabo durante 7 meses, durante um total de 42 amostras distribuídas ao longo dos períodos bimodais de chuva e seca. A pesquisa foi descritiva e aplicada. os níveis de poluição obtidos por matéria orgânica (como deveria), Índice incrustantes para a mineralização (ICOMI) e Índice de proliferação de pH (ICOpH). A estrutura da comunidade bêntico foi analisada pelo índice de diversidade (Shannon-Weiner). Finalmente, o modelo matemático (índice de tolerância poluição orgânica gradiente) foi validada a partir das relações definidas entre as variáveis bióticos e abióticos. resultados ICOMO reflectida a estação terminal Pamplona localizado a uma altura de 2295 metros, é a mais elevada carga de matéria orgânica com uma média de 0,79, com diversidade de Shannon, média de 0,63, diversidade muito baixa. Estaçãomenos poluição era Ponte San Rafael, com média de ICOMO igual a 0,44, e muito baixo índice de diversidade igual a 0,85.Los resultados biológicos relatou um total de 115 famílias de macroinvertebrados, 103 são estenotípicos organismos para condições de má qualidade da água. Para validar o índice de tolerância modelo, apenas as 12 famílias de maior percentual abundância, contaminação euritípicas considerado foi aplicado, como esta situação foi observada em seis estações de amostragem. Eles estão incluindo aqueles que relataram maior abundância foram Baetidae com 33% de abundância, seguido por 16,8% de família Glossiphoniidae com abundância.Palavras-chave: bióticos, abióticos, macroinvertebrados bentônicos, índice de poluição, índice de diversidade, qualidade da água
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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