1,734,462 research outputs found
Europeanisation, Bosman and the financial 'crisis' in English professional football: some sociological comments
Full text linkPaper given at the 10th annual European Union Studies Association conference in Montreal, Canada, 17-19 May 2007.This paper discusses an sociological explaination as to the extent to which Europeanisation process, among others, have contributed to an increasingly unequal concentration of financial resources among a small number of English football clubs. The impact of the Bosman case is discussed
Competitive balance between national leagues in European football after the Bosman Case
Full text linkIntroduction – 1. The Bosman Case: No Harmful Side Effects? – 2. Structural Differences and Developments – 3. Empirical Evidence – 4. Future Options – ConclusionsBosman Case, competitive balance, professional team sports, European football
Bosman: A Legacy Beyond Sports
No full textThe 1995 Bosman case from the CJEU is one of the most famous judgments ever delivered by the Luxembourg court. It is well-known in sporting contexts, but this article takes the discussion beyond that area, demonstrating Bosman's importance in other areas of law by using network analysis. This illustrates that Bosman is an exceptional case, both in its own right and as a source of further cases, citing Bosman directly or indirectly. We also demonstrate that Bosman is primarily cited for four reasons: the jurisdiction of the CJEU in matters of preliminary rulings, the use of the fundamental freedoms against private entities, non-discriminatory obstacles on the internal market and the temporal effects of CJEU judgments. However, when analyzed further it becomes clear that the Bosman case contains few truly original contributions to EU law and largely builds on existing case law to draw important conclusions. Thus, the Court must have other reasons for citing Bosman. Given the characteristics of the case many such reasons are plausible. Bosman is well-written, well-reasoned, well-known and well-connected, making it an excellent source to use in future cases.</p
Theses philosophicae miscellaneae
No full textquarum veritatem ... pro summo in philosophia gradu consequendo tueri annitar Iohannes Gosvini F. Bosman Dordrechtanus ad d. 3. AugustiDisputatio pro gradu mag. phil. Basel, 161
BOSMAN, Arnoldus Johannes [Nollie] Inventory of documents
No full textCOVERAGE 1909-1964; 22 Files; 0.40 metrePrivate papers of A.J. Bosman, Secretary of Commerce in Europe[1929-1937], Deputy Secretary of the Department of Trade and Industry[1937-1942], Director of several companies
The history of the Nederlandsche Cocaïne Fabriek and its successors: as manufactorers of narcotic drugs, analyzed from an international perpective
Full text linkThe aim of this research was to realize a detailed description and analysis of the history of the production of narcotic drugs in the Netherlands (1900-1995). The most important companies that produced these drugs were the Nederlandsche Cocaïne Fabriek (NCF) and its successors. It turned out that acquiring the vegetable resources at low cost and having access to sufficiently large domestic markets are requisites for commercial success. Because there are no internationally standardized figures about the volume of the worldwide cocaine production before 1930, Bosman developed an estimation method. The research also proves hat recent statements by writer Conny Braam about enormous quantities of cocaine, delivered by NCF to warriors during the First World War entirely lack foundation
The consequences of an open labour market in a closed product market in the economic environment of European professional football
Full text linkEver since the Bosman case opened the labour market for players in European professional football, competitive balance has reduced in favour of the Big 5 leagues (England, Spain, Italy, Germany and France). In this article we show that changing structures towards an open labour market in a closed product market resulted in a migration of player talents towards the major leagues and teams and in a competitive disadvantage for the smaller market leagues and their teams. Next to a theoretical argumentation, we provide empirical evidence and assess future options for the structure of European professional football.Bosman case, competitive balance, international labour mobility, professional team sports, stepping stone league
Market forces in European soccer
Full text linkRecent decades have witnessed major changes in the market for European soccer. The most profound were the Bosman ruling, which lifted restrictions in the European labor market for soccer talent, and the introduction of the Champions’ League, a high-profile international competition that generates high revenues for participating clubs. This paper studies the effects of these changes on the closeness of national and international competitions, from both a theoretical and an empirical perspective. We show that competitive balance in national competitions has not been affected. International quality differences did increase, mainly as a result of the Bosman ruling.
Market forces in European soccer
Full text linkRecent decades have witnessed major changes in the market for European soccer. The most profound were the Bosman ruling, which lifted restrictions in the European labor market for soccer talent, and the introduction of the Champions' League, a high-profile international competition that generates high revenues for participating clubs. This paper studies the effects of these changes on the closeness of national and international competitions, from both a theoretical and an empirical perspective. We show that competitive balance in national competitions has not been affected. International quality differences did increase, mainly as a result of the Bosman ruling.
UEFA and the European Union, from confrontation to co-operation?
Full text linkThe governance structures of football have evolved overtime relatively independent of public authorities. The so-called pyramid of European football has been traditionally formed by the game’s world-wide governing body (FIFA) at the apex, the continental governing body (UEFA) in the middle and the national football associations, national football leagues and clubs at the bottom. This structure, however, has been challenged in the last two decades by a combination of massive commercialisation of the game, EU decisions aimed at liberalising football as a market-place, and the new demands of the stakeholders involved in the governance of professional football. This paper investigates the relationship between UEFA, as European football’s governing body, and the EU. It assesses the evolution of UEFA as a football governing body since the Bosman ruling (1995) until current initiatives such as the rules on locally-trained players. The paper focuses especially on the interaction between UEFA and the EU in the regulation of the footballers’ market, one of the most contentious interventions of European institutions in football. I argue that UEFA’s attitude towards the EU has changed completely in the last ten years. Whilst the EU was seen as a threat for UEFA in 1995, it is now considered a ‘long term strategic partner’. Three reasons can be identified for UEFA’s evolution. First, a pragmatic necessity to adapt to the application of EU law to football. Second, a change of the organisation’s philosophy. UEFA has modified slightly its core beliefs and policy objectives, focusing more in its public duty of taking care of football as a whole, not just the professional competitions. Third, a strategic vision to preserve its own position within the governance structures of football. This paper draws almost entirely on empirical research conducted through elite interviews and the review of official documents
- …
