1,720,962 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
MECHANISM OF miRNA ACTIVITY REGULATION IN MAMMALIAN CELLS
No full textCells must be able to respond to changes in their microenvironment in order to
survive. Genes encode proteins and proteins dictate cell function. Information flows
from DNA to RNA to protein, according to the central dogma of molecular biology
and each of the steps are under stringent regulatory control to ensure cell fate and
function. Cells can control which genes get transcribed and which transcripts get
translated. Regulation of the two major steps — transcription and translation — is
critical to its adaptability. Regulation of transcription and translation occurs in both
prokaryotes and eukaryotes, but it is far more complex in eukaryotes.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that posttranscriptionally
regulate gene expression via translational repression and/or mRNA
degradation. These tiny regulators search for cognate targets by base pairing with
the 3’UTR of the target mRNAs. Over the years, since its discovery the role of
miRNAs has become apparent in regulating developmental timing, host-pathogen
interactions as well as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, tumorigenesis,
etc. Just like any other regulatory element, the biogenesis, activity and turnover of
miRNAs themselves are under strict regulatory control.
Extensive research has established how miRNAs regulate target mRNAs by
translation repression. However, information regarding the effect of target mRNA on
biogenesis and stability of corresponding miRNAs is limited. In this study, we have
reported increased biogenesis of cognate miRNAs in presence of abundant amounts of target mRNA in both cells as well as cell-free in vitro system. These
miRNAs get loaded onto AGO2 to form functionally competent miRISCs. This
target-driven miRNA increase is proportional to the concentration of target mRNA
and is affected by the translatability of the target message. While investigating the
molecular mechanism of the phenomenon, we identified that increased pre-miRNA
processing by AGO2-associated DICER1 in presence of target mRNA, contributes
to this increased miRNP formation.
Compartmentalization of biological processes provides a mechanism of
regulation of the processes with exquisite spatial and temporal control. We have
observed that miRNA activity is compartmentalized on the rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum (rER) membranes in human cells and have explored the effects of this
compartmentalization on miRNA function. Probing further into the phenomenon of
target driven miRNA biogenesis, we identified the rER membranes as the site of
target mRNA-governed miRNA assembly in human cells.
It is likely that target driven miRNA biogenesis operates in addition to the
conventional process of repression by preformed miRNPs. Rather than
transcriptionally upregulating miRNA synthesis, modulating the final step of
biogenesis will serve as an immediate means to increase miRNA production. This
in turn will help the cell respond to specific and urgent cellular needs like rapid
target driven miR-122 biogenesis during starvation stress reversal in human hepatic
cells. Thus, we have identified an additional layer of post-transcriptional regulation
of gene expression that helps the cell to maintain requisite levels of mature forms of
respective miRNAs by modulating its synthesis depending on target availability
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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