40 research outputs found
From non-Brahmin priests of the goddess to ascetics of god Mahima Alekha
No full textThis article deals with Mahima Dharma a contemporary vernacular ascetic religion of Odisha/Eastern India displaying a rich diversity in its regional configurations. In this paper the author proposes to look at the main protagonists of the religion, the ascetics (babas), as non-Brahmin priests, who have incorporated shakti, the power of local goddesses into their disciplined bodies and in doing so have transformed the feminine element of the Hindu belief into the belief of the indescribable and abstract god Alekha. Mahima Dharma is seen in this contribution as a sort of micro structure on the one hand of popular asceticism in rural India and on the other hand as a recent religious reform movement integrating local non-Brahmin priesthood and the local belief in goddesses into the mainstream of the male Hindu pantheon. This article draws on the author's PhD fieldwork research (1999-2002), published in 2002 as a monograph (Guzy 2002)
On discrete ground states of rotating Bose-Einstein condensates
No full textThe ground states of Bose-Einstein condensates in a rotating frame can be
described as constrained minimizers of the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional
with an angular momentum term. In this paper we consider the corresponding
discrete minimization problem in Lagrange finite element spaces of arbitrary
polynomial order and we investigate the approximation properties of discrete
ground states. In particular, we prove a priori error estimates of optimal
order in the - and -norm, as well as for the ground state energy and
the corresponding chemical potential. A central issue in the analysis of the
problem is the missing uniqueness of ground states, which is mainly caused by
the invariance of the energy functional under complex phase shifts. Our error
analysis is therefore based on an Euler-Lagrange functional that we restrict to
certain tangent spaces in which we have local uniqueness of ground states. This
gives rise to an error decomposition that is ultimately used to derive the
desired a priori error estimates. We also present numerical experiments to
illustrate various aspects of the problem structure
Convergence of a Riemannian gradient method for the Gross–Pitaevskii energy functional in a rotating frame
No full textThis paper investigates the numerical approximation of ground states of rotating Bose– Einstein condensates. This problem requires the minimization of the Gross–Pitaevskii energy E on a Hilbert manifold S. To find a corresponding minimizer u, we use a generalized Riemannian gradient method that is based on the concept of Sobolev gradients in combination with an adaptively changing metric on the manifold. By a suitable choice of the metric, global energy dissipation for the arising gradient method can be proved. The energy dissipation property in turn implies global convergence to the density |u|2 of a critical point u of E on S. Furthermore, we present a precise characterization of the local convergence rates in a neighborhood of each ground state u and how these rates depend on the first spectral gap of E″(u) restricted to the L2-orthogonal complement of u. With this we establish the first convergence results for a Riemannian gradient method to minimize the Gross–Pitaevskii energy functional in a rotating frame. At the same time, we refine previous results obtained in the case without rotation. The major complication in our new analysis is the missing isolation of minimizers, which are at most unique up to complex phase shifts. For that, we introduce an auxiliary iteration in the tangent space TiuS and apply the Ostrowski theorem to characterize the asymptotic convergence rates through a weighted eigenvalue problem. Afterwards, we link the auxiliary iteration to the original Riemannian gradient method and bound the spectrum of the weighted eigenvalue problem to obtain quantitative convergence rates. Our findings are validated in numerical experiments
Fish distribution dynamics in the Aghanashini estuary of Uttara Kannada, west coast of India
No full textFish diversity (77 species) in the Aghanashini River estuary of the Indian west coast is linked to variable salinity conditions and zones I, II and III for high, medium and low salinity respectively. Zone I, the junction between Arabian Sea and the estuary, had all species in yearly succession due to freshwater conditions in monsoon to high salinity in pre-monsoon. The medium (zone II) and low (zone III) salinity mid and upstream portions had maximum of 67 and 39 fish species respectively. Maintenance of natural salinity regimes in estuary, among other ecological factors, is critical for its fish diversity
Provisions, Applicability and Recent Amendments To The Maharashtra Stamp Act, 1958
No full textThis paper deals with the Maharashtra Stamp Act, 1958 and the recent amendments related to the same. Stamp Duty is an important part of Land Law and the relevant provisions, application and relevant judgments of the same are discussed in the paper. Stamp duty is charges by the government levied on documents or instruments which have certain transactional nature which forms a part of the government exchequer. It is required to pay the adequate stamp duty as regards to the Maharashtra Stamp Act, which mentions the rate of stamp duty applicable on specific instruments such as transfer, agreement, conveyance, etc. Recent cases of stamp duty evasion have been rising in the State of Maharashtra which has led to certain amendments in the Maharashtra Stamp Act, 1958 which has also been discussed herein. The author has taken up the case law of Trustees of H.C. Dhanda Trust v. State of Madhya Pradesh and Ors of 2020, to analyze one such case of stamp duty evasion and has commented upon the judgment delivered therein. This paper duly encompasses all aspects of stamp duty in consonance with the Maharashtra Stamp Act, 1958 and discusses the measures which could bring about more clarity upon the current laws of stamp duty and consequence of evasion, in accordance with the stamp duty law in the state of Maharashtra
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A neurobiology perspective on the assembly of retinal vasculature from 2D to 3D
No full textThe reciprocal regulation of the neural ensemble and vascular network within the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is crucial for its development and functionality. Neuron-derived pro-angiogenic factors, such as growth factors, morphogens, and guidance cues, play a key role in forming stereotypical vascular architectures in the cortex, spinal cord, and cerebellum during development. Notably, the CNS vasculature forms distinct 3D lattice structures composed of laminar vascular networks interconnected by penetrating vessels. This contrasts with the more random 3D arborizations found in tumors. While the morphogen gradients for vascular network growth have been well-studied, the mechanisms contributing to vascular patterning and lattice maintenance in 3D are not fully understood. The mammalian retina provides an ideal model for studying these mechanisms, given its laminar organization of neurons and plexus organization of vessels, allowing for the investigation of 2D growth to 3D lattice establishment in a stepwise manner. Notably, recent studies have highlighted the roles of neurons and glia in retinal vascular patterning in 2D, as well as the involvement of neurotransmitters in regulating vascular growth. Additionally, direct neuron-to-vessel interactions have been found to contribute to 3D retinal vascular lattice formation. As emerging technologies provide new insights into retinal vascular assembly in 3D, understanding the developmental regulation and the physiological and pathophysiological effects of 3D lattice disruption remains a fertile field of research
Tracking Cancer Genetic Evolution using OncoTrack
No full textabstract: It is difficult for existing methods to quantify, and track the constant evolution of cancers due to high heterogeneity of mutations. However, structural variations associated with nucleotide number changes show repeatable patterns in localized regions of the genome. Here we introduce SPKMG, which generalizes nucleotide number based properties of genes, in statistical terms, at the genome-wide scale. It is measured from the normalized amount of aligned NGS reads in exonic regions of a gene. SPKMG values are calculated within OncoTrack. SPKMG values being continuous numeric variables provide a statistical metric to track DNA level changes. We show that SPKMG measures of cancer DNA show a normative pattern at the genome-wide scale. The analysis leads to the discovery of core cancer genes and also provides novel dynamic insights into the stage of cancer, including cancer development, progression, and metastasis. This technique will allow exome data to also be used for quantitative LOH/CNV analysis for tracking tumour progression and evolution with a higher efficiency.The final version of this article, as published in Scientific Reports, can be viewed online at: https://www.nature.com/articles/srep2964
Influence of protein damage and proteasome gene expression in longevity of recalcitrant Madhuca latifolia Roxb. seeds
No full textEnhanced cellular damage during desiccation is considered to be one of the key factors limiting vigour and viability of seeds. The uncontrolled accumulation of reactive oxygen species and resultant damaging reactions such as the oxidation of lipids and DNA in desiccating seeds of Madhuca latifolia (Roxb.) J. F. Macbr. has already been well characterized. However, hydrolytic and (or) oxidative damage to proteins requires further study. This study investigated the desiccation-induced oxidative damage to proteins and proteolytic systems in recalcitrant M. latifolia seeds during ambient storage. Seeds experienced a significant drop in seed water content [ca. 1.32 to ca. 0.23 g·(g dry mass)−1] during storage resulting in complete loss of viability after 35 days of storage. A considerable decline in total protein content (3.0–3.6 fold) and activity (4.8–13.8 fold) in the gene expressions of proteasome subunits (α, β, and E2) were recorded in the embryonic axis of desiccating M. latifolia seeds. In contrast, increases in the level of protein carbonyls (2.46 fold), hydroperoxides (2.31 fold), malondialdehyde- and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-protein adducts (1.8 and 3.9 fold), and Amadori and Maillard reaction products, along with proteases (14.5–30.4 fold) were observed in desiccating M. latifolia seeds. This study revealed that increased oxidation/modification of proteins and proteasome dysfunction are involved in the deterioration of desiccating M. latifolia seeds.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author
Colloid Transport in Porous Media at Multiple Length Scales
No full textColloidal contaminants such as pathogenic microorganisms and engineered nanoparticles enter subsurface from various sources such as land application of wastewater, reuse of untreated sewage for irrigation and sanitary landfills. Understanding colloid transport in the subsurface is essential for assessing the safe distance of drinking water wells from the source of contamination, bioremediation of contaminated sites, and degree of treatment required for land application of wastewater. There is a large disparity in the length scales associated with colloid transport in soil. This includes micrometre, centimetre, tens of centimetres, metre and kilometre scales which are representative of a single soil capillary, representative elementary volume scale, 1D lab scale, 3D lab scale, and the field scale, respectively. Colloid deposition mechanisms are scale dependent and are governed by the heterogeneity at that scale. Hence, the observed transport processes and the estimated parameters at a smaller scale may not simulate the observations at a larger scale. It is imperative to link the processes and the associated parameters across scales to better predict transport behavior at larger scales. This chapter discusses the mechanisms of colloid retention in porous media at various scales, the effect of heterogeneity on colloid transport at each scale, and upscaling of transport processes. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd
