170,035 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
A 0.12mm<sup>2</sup> Wien-Bridge Temperature Sensor with 0.1°C (3σ) Inaccuracy from -40°C to 180°C
No full text Resistor-based temperature sensors can achieve much higher resolution and energy efficiency than conventional BJT-based sensors [1], but they typically occupy more area (> 0.25 mm 2 ) and have lower operating temperatures (le 125 {circ} {C}) [2]-[4]. This work describes a 0.12mm 2 resistor-based sensor that uses a Wien-bridge (WB) filter to achieve 0.1 {circ} {C} (3 sigma) inaccuracy from - 40 {circ} {C} to 180 {circ} {C}. Compared to a state-of-the-art WB sensor [4], it occupies 6 × less area and achieves comparable relative accuracy over a 76% wider operating range. Session 10.3 Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Electronic InstrumentationMicroelectronic
A ±25A Versatile Shunt-Based Current Sensor with 10kHz Bandwidth and ±0.25% Gain Error from -40°C to 85°C Using 2-Current Calibration
No full textAccurate current sensing is critical in many industrial applications, such as battery management and motor control. Precise shunt-based current sensors have been reported with gain errors of less than 1% over the industrial temperature range (-40°C to 85°C) [1]–[4]. However, since they are intended for coulomb counting, their bandwidth is limited to a few tens of Hz, making them unsuitable for battery impedance or motor-current sensing. This paper presents a current sensor with a wide (10kHz) bandwidth and a tunable temperature compensation scheme (TCS), which allows it to be flexibly used with different types of shunts while maintaining high accuracy. A low-cost room-temperature calibration scheme is proposed to optimize gain flatness over temperature by exploiting the shunt's self-heating at large currents. Over the industrial temperature range and a ±25A current range, it achieves state-of-the-art gain error (±0.25%) with both low-cost PCB and stable metal-alloy shunts.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Electronic InstrumentationMicroelectronic
An Article About Albertus C. Van Raalte, Author Unknown, Except for Parts Taken from an Article by Anna C. Post
No full textAn article about Albertus C. Van Raalte, author unknown, except for parts taken from an article by Anna C. Post. The author knew first generation persons in the Holland settlement and therefore, the article has some value.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1890s/1012/thumbnail.jp
Carbon footprint of geopolymeric mortar: Study of the contribution of the alkaline activating solution and assessment of an alternative route
No full text[EN] CO2 emissions associated with geopolymeric mortar prepared using spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst (FCC) were compared to those calculated for plain ordinary Portland cement (OPC) mortar. Commercial waterglass used for preparing the alkaline activating solution for geopolymeric mortar was the main contributing component related to CO2 emission. An alternative route for formulating alkaline activating solution in the preparation of the geopolymeric binder was proposed: refluxing of rice husk ash (RHA) in NaOH solution. Geopolymeric mortar using rice hull ash-derived waterglass led to reduced CO2 emission by 63% compared to the OPC mortar. The new alternative route led to a 50% reduction in CO2 emission compared to geopolymer prepared with commercial waterglass. Replacement of commercial waterglass by rice hull ash- derived waterglass in the preparation of the geopolymer did not cause a significant decrease in the mechanical strength of the mortar. CO2 intensity performance indicators (Ci) for geopolymeric mortars were lower than that found for OPC mortar, indicating that the new route for activating solution led to the lowest C-i valueThe authors are grateful to the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Project GEOCEDEM BIA 2011-26947), and to Generalitat Valenciana (Project 3018/2009) and 'Centro de Cooperacion al Desarrollo' of the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (ADSIDEO COOPERACIO, Project COMBURES) for supporting this study, and to DACSA S. A. for supplying RHA samples.Mellado Romero, AM.; Catalan, C.; Bouzón, N.; Borrachero Rosado, MV.; Monzó Balbuena, JM.; Paya Bernabeu, JJ. (2014). Carbon footprint of geopolymeric mortar: Study of the contribution of the alkaline activating solution and assessment of an alternative route. RSC Advances. 4(45):23846-23852. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4RA03375BS2384623852445Phair, J. W. (2006). Green chemistry for sustainable cement production and use. Green Chemistry, 8(9), 763. doi:10.1039/b603997aParvulescu, A., Rossi, M., Pina, C. D., Ciriminna, R., & Pagliaro, M. (2011). Investigation of glycerol polymerization in the clinker grinding process. Green Chem., 13(1), 143-148. doi:10.1039/c0gc00107dMymrin, V., de Araújo Ponte, H., Ferreira Lopes, O., & Vazquez Vaamonde, A. (2003). Environment-friendly method of high alkaline bauxite’s Red Mud and Ferrous Slag utilization as an example of green chemistry. Green Chem., 5(3), 357-360. doi:10.1039/b300495nFernández Bertos, M., Li, X., Simons, S. J. R., Hills, C. D., & Carey, P. J. (2004). Investigation of accelerated carbonation for the stabilisation of MSW incinerator ashes and the sequestration of CO2. Green Chem., 6(8), 428-436. doi:10.1039/b401872aJ. L. Provis and J. S. J.van Deventer, Geopolymers. Structure, processing, properties and industrial applications, Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Press LLC, UK, 2009F. Pacheco-Torgal and S.Jalali, Eco-efficient Construction and Building Materials, Springer, London, 2011Pacheco-Torgal, F., Castro-Gomes, J., & Jalali, S. (2008). Alkali-activated binders: A review. Construction and Building Materials, 22(7), 1305-1314. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.10.015Pacheco-Torgal, F., Castro-Gomes, J., & Jalali, S. (2008). Alkali-activated binders: A review. Part 2. About materials and binders manufacture. Construction and Building Materials, 22(7), 1315-1322. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.03.019Komnitsas, K., & Zaharaki, D. (2007). Geopolymerisation: A review and prospects for the minerals industry. Minerals Engineering, 20(14), 1261-1277. doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2007.07.011Duxson, P., Fernández-Jiménez, A., Provis, J. L., Lukey, G. C., Palomo, A., & van Deventer, J. S. J. (2006). Geopolymer technology: the current state of the art. Journal of Materials Science, 42(9), 2917-2933. doi:10.1007/s10853-006-0637-zTashima, M. M., Akasaki, J. L., Castaldelli, V. N., Soriano, L., Monzó, J., Payá, J., & Borrachero, M. V. (2012). New geopolymeric binder based on fluid catalytic cracking catalyst residue (FCC). Materials Letters, 80, 50-52. doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2012.04.051Rodríguez, E. D., Bernal, S. A., Provis, J. L., Gehman, J. D., Monzó, J. M., Payá, J., & Borrachero, M. V. (2013). Geopolymers based on spent catalyst residue from a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process. Fuel, 109, 493-502. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2013.02.053Tashima, M. M., Soriano, L., Monzó, J., Borrachero, M. V., & Payá, J. (2013). Novel geopolymeric material cured at room temperature. Advances in Applied Ceramics, 112(4), 179-183. doi:10.1179/1743676112y.0000000056Tashima, M. M., Akasaki, J. L., Melges, J. L. P., Soriano, L., Monzó, J., Payá, J., & Borrachero, M. V. (2013). Alkali activated materials based on fluid catalytic cracking catalyst residue (FCC): Influence of SiO2/Na2O and H2O/FCC ratio on mechanical strength and microstructure. Fuel, 108, 833-839. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2013.02.052Duxson, P., Provis, J. L., Lukey, G. C., & van Deventer, J. S. J. (2007). The role of inorganic polymer technology in the development of ‘green concrete’. Cement and Concrete Research, 37(12), 1590-1597. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.08.018Habert, G., d’ Espinose de Lacaillerie, J. B., & Roussel, N. (2011). An environmental evaluation of geopolymer based concrete production: reviewing current research trends. Journal of Cleaner Production, 19(11), 1229-1238. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.03.012Turner, L. K., & Collins, F. G. (2013). Carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-e) emissions: A comparison between geopolymer and OPC cement concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 43, 125-130. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.01.023M. Weil , K.Dombroswski and A.Buchwald, in Geopolymers. Structure, processing, properties and industrial applications, ed. J. L. Provis and J. S. J. van Deventer, Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Press LLC, UK, 2009, pp. 194–210Salas, A., Delvasto, S., de Gutierrez, R. M., & Lange, D. (2009). Comparison of two processes for treating rice husk ash for use in high performance concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 39(9), 773-778. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2009.05.006Payá, J., Monzó, J., Borrachero, M. ., Mellado, A., & Ordoñez, L. . (2001). Determination of amorphous silica in rice husk ash by a rapid analytical method. Cement and Concrete Research, 31(2), 227-231. doi:10.1016/s0008-8846(00)00466-xJ. Bejarano , C.Garzón, R.Mejía de Gutiérrez, S.Delvasto and M.Gordillo, in II Simposio Aprovechamiento de residuos agro-industriales como fuente sostenible de materiales de construcción, Valencia, Spain, 2010, pp. 409–418Bouzón, N., Payá, J., Borrachero, M. V., Soriano, L., Tashima, M. M., & Monzó, J. (2014). Refluxed rice husk ash/NaOH suspension for preparing alkali activated binders. Materials Letters, 115, 72-74. doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2013.10.001IPCC , Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Greenhouse Gas Inventory Reference Manual, Workbook, 1997, vol. 2V. Årskog , S.Fossdal and O. E.Gjørv, in Proceedings of the International Workshop on Sustainable Development and Concrete Technology, Beijing, China, 2004, pp. 193–200Peris Mora, E. (2007). Life cycle, sustainability and the transcendent quality of building materials. Building and Environment, 42(3), 1329-1334. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.11.004Damineli, B. L., Kemeid, F. M., Aguiar, P. S., & John, V. M. (2010). Measuring the eco-efficiency of cement use. Cement and Concrete Composites, 32(8), 555-562. doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.07.009J. Davidovits , in Geopolymer, Green Chemistry and Sustainable Development Solutions World Congress Proc., 2005, pp. 9–15McLellan, B. C., Williams, R. P., Lay, J., van Riessen, A., & Corder, G. D. (2011). Costs and carbon emissions for geopolymer pastes in comparison to ordinary portland cement. Journal of Cleaner Production, 19(9-10), 1080-1090. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.02.010IDAE Instituto para la Diversificación y Ahorro de la Energía, http://www.idae.es/index.php, Ministerio de Industria, Energía y Turismo, Secretaría de Estado de Energía, Madrid, EspañaPAS 2050 , Specification for the assessment of the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of goods and services, British Standards Institution, UK, 2011Yang, K.-H., Song, J.-K., & Song, K.-I. (2013). Assessment of CO2 reduction of alkali-activated concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, 39, 265-272. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.08.00
Archivist, Archaeologist, Author and the Tactile Window
No full textThe idea that the predominant way of engaging with architecture is through vision is not uncommon but also not always the most appropriate given that buildings are also experienced through tactile interventions. This consequence that emphasises visual aesthetics in order to appreciate and understand architecture probably has much to do with the assumed but rather vaguely defined role of the architect as designer in the practice of architectural design. A resulting misapprehension is that architects designing for visual appreciation think that they are actually designing physical space for embodied tactile engagement.
This prioritisation of vision in the way architects think about and approach design is questioned through the design project of the Tactile Window in which the position of the architect is redefined through inhabiting the roles of archivist, archaeologist and author during the design process.
A 16th century portrait of Queen Elizabeth I known as the Ditchley portrait, currently on display at the National Portrait Gallery is used as the source from which the design of the Tactile Window is derived from and refers back to. Questioning the validity of vision as the sole means of engaging with the work, information about the portrait and working methods gathered from the three carefully chosen positions mentioned above are drawn on and applied to the making of this Tactile Window that becomes an alternative Ditchley portrait. Through exploring the hidden historical and current narratives of and in the existing portrait, the presence of the portrait is alluded to on an alternative physical site. Key to this are the working methods of an invented archival system of design reasoning, the unearthing of archaeological texts and assuming of authorship within the individual frameworks of the roles of archivist, archaeologist and author.
The redefined role of the architect as archaeologist takes onboard the unearthing of associated drawings and writings as well as the methods of organising and applying the recovered information to the system set up by the archivist. This analysis of the graphic and text based information is used to formulate historical narratives that are woven into the design project. Whereas traditional archaeology stresses on the study of a site from a site with quantifiable limits to the physical context, the notion of archaeological sites in this instance refers to the places where the stored information is unearthed. Through the careful process of archiving and analysing this information, a new site that is located within both the physical and historical contexts of interest is discovered. The author then draws upon the elements in the archival system that includes the findings of the archaeologist to construct the alternative Ditchley portrait in this new site of the Echoing Cedar, the result of which bears no visual resemblance to the existing work.
The Tactile Window is a reading of the Ditchley portrait in which information about and in the painting is transformed into a design proposal for an inhabited structure. The intended method of interaction with this alternative portrait is not merely restricted to vision but relies on engagement with the other senses. This experience is enhanced by the interplay with certain site conditions such as wind and rain in order to allude to specific aspects of the Ditchley portrait that are not visually apparent in the existing work.
In the processes of excavating, finding and revealing the hidden information to create this alternative portrait, the effects of the visuals afforded by the existing portrait inadvertently begin to fade as the validity of a single means of visual expression is questioned
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
- …
