1,721,021 research outputs found
Follow-up of differentiated thyroid cancer – what should (and what should not) be done
No full textThe treatment paradigm for thyroid cancer has shifted from a one-size-fits-all approach to more personalized protocols that range from active surveillance to total thyroidectomy followed by radioiodine remnant ablation. Accurate surveillance tools are available, but follow-up protocols vary widely between centres and clinicians, owing to the lack of clear, straightforward recommendations on the instruments and assessment schedule that health-care professionals should adopt. For most patients (that is, those who have had an excellent response to the initial treatment and have a low or intermediate risk of tumour recurrence), an infrequent assessment schedule is sufficient (such as a yearly determination of serum levels of TSH and thyroglobulin). Select patients will benefit from second-line imaging and more frequent assessments. This Review discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the surveillance tools and follow-up strategies that clinicians use as a function of the initial treatment and each patient’s risk of recurrence
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Clinical and health economic assessment of artificial intelligence based- medical devices : Market access strategies and development of a multi- criteria decision support tool for healthcare decision-makers
No full textCette thèse explore les défis et opportunités liés à l'évaluation des dispositifs médicaux (DM) embarquant de l'intelligence artificielle (IA). Ces technologies de santé, de plus en plus utilisées pour le diagnostic, la prévention et les traitements personnalisés, soulèvent des questions complexes en matière de réglementation, d'évaluation, d'acceptabilité, de financement et d'accès au marché.Tout d'abord, une revue systématique de la littérature a permis de dresser un état des lieux des méthodologies d'évaluation actuelles, mettant en évidence l'absence d'analyse des critères spécifiques à l'IA, tels que la transparence et l'explicabilité. Une comparaison des stratégies d'accès au marché dans différentes régions du monde, ainsi qu'une enquête auprès de trente acteurs de l'écosystème de l'IA en santé, ont révélé les disparités en matière d'évaluation, ainsi que les enjeux de financement et d'accès au marché des DM embarquant de l'IA. La thèse propose un cadre pour harmoniser les critères d'évaluation et accélérer l'accès au marché de ces technologies en développant un outil d'aide à la décision multicritère, DecAIsion®, destiné à appuyer les choix des décideurs en santé. DecAIsion® a été conçu pour évaluer les DM avec IA. Le choix et la pondération des critères d'évaluation se sont appuyés sur une revue systématique de la littérature, une enquête auprès d'experts, et la collaboration sur un guide d'aide au choix des DM numériques coordonnée par la Haute Autorité de Santé.DecAIsion® a été testé en conditions réelles pour un DM avec IA en imagerie, destiné à la détection d'embolies pulmonaires, confirmant son utilité pour un établissement de santé en France. Ces résultats ouvrent la voie à un déploiement plus large de l'outil, soulignant l'importance d'une évaluation rigoureuse et adaptée des DM embarquant de l'IA.This thesis explores the challenges and opportunities related to the evaluation of medical devices (MDs) incorporating artificial intelligence (AI). These healthcare technologies, increasingly used for diagnosis, prevention, and personalized treatments, raise complex issues regarding regulation, evaluation, acceptability, financing, and market access.First, a systematic literature review provided an overview of current evaluation methodologies, highlighting the lack of analysis of AI-specific criteria, such as transparency and explainability. A comparison of market access strategies across different world regions, along with a survey of thirty stakeholders from the AI in healthcare ecosystem, revealed regional disparities in evaluation, as well as the challenges of financing and market access for AI-enabled MDs. The thesis proposes a framework to harmonize evaluation criteria and accelerate market access for these technologies by introducing a multi-criteria decision support tool, DecAIsion®, designed to assist healthcare decision-makers. DecAIsion® was developed to evaluate MDs with AI. The selection and weighting of evaluation criteria for AI-enabled MDs were based on a systematic literature review, a survey of experts, and collaboration on a decision support guide for digital MDs coordinated by the French National Authority for Health (HAS).DecAIsion® was tested in a real-world setting for an AI-enabled MD used in imaging for pulmonary embolism detection, confirming its utility for a healthcare facility in France. The results pave the way for a broader deployment of the tool, underscoring the importance of rigorous and tailored evaluation of AI-enabled MDs
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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