84 research outputs found
Generalidades sobre la población rural y urbana de México.. Anales del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia. Num. 39 Tomo X (1956) Sexta Época (1939-1966)
No full textSmith, Thomas Lynn. The Sociology of Rural Life. Third Edition. Harper and Brothers Publishers. New York, 1953. XXIV-680 pp. p. 17. La primera edición fue en 1940 y la segunda en 1947.Sorokin, P. A. and Zimmerman, Carle C. Principles of Rural-Urban Sociology. Henry Holt & Company. New York, 1929. p. 13.Ateberry, George C.; Auble, John L.; Hunt, Elgin F. and Masiko, Peter. Introduction to Social Sciencie. A Survey of Social Problems. The Macmillan Company. New York, 1950. 2 Vol. XXV-819 pp. y XIII-823 pp. Vol. I, p. 257.Lins, Mario. La Tipología de los grupos rurales. En: Estudios Sociológicos. Sociología Rural. Sexto Congreso Nacional de Sociología, 1955. Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. pp. 171-179. México, 1957.Agramonte, Roberto. El Mundo Rural y sus Procesos Sociológicos. En: Estudios Sociológicos. Sociología Rural. Sexto Congreso Nacional de Sociología, 1955. Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. pp. 191-229. México, 1957.Carvajal, René. Vida y Tipología Rurales. En: Estudios Sociológicos. Sociología Rural. Sexto Congreso Nacional de Sociología, 1955. Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. pp. 181-189. México, 1957.Landis, Paul H. Rural Life in Process. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. New York, 1948. XIX-538 pp.Plant, James S. Personality and the Cultural Pattern. The Commonwealth Fund. New York, 1937. X-432 pp.Our Cities: Their Rôle en the Nacional Economy. Nacional Resources Committee. Government Printing Office. Washington, 1937, p. IX.Gist, Noel P. and Halbert, L. A. Urban Society. Thomas Y. Crowell Company. New York, 1956. XIII-513 pp. p. 5.Kneedler, Grace M. Functional Types of Cities. Public Management. No. 27, pp. 197-203, 1945.Chauncy D., Harris. A Functional Classification of Cities in the United States. Geographical Review. Vol. 33, pp. 86-89, 1943.Gillen, Paul B. The Distribution of Ocupations as a City Yardsrick. Rings Crown Press. New York, 1951.Redfield, Robert and Singer, Milton. The Cultural Role of Cities. Economic Development and Cultural Change. Vol. 3, pp. 53-73, october 1954.Toennies, Ferdinand. Fundamental Concepts of Sociology (Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft). Trans. by C. P. Loomis. American Book Company. New York, 1940. 225 pp. Aquí en México el Fondo de Cultura Económica publicó de este mismo autor 'Principios de Sociología. 1946. 405 pp.Becker, Howard and Myers, R. C. Sacred and Secular Aspects of Human Sociation. Sociometry. Vol. V. No. 3. August 1942.Benedict, Ruth. Patterns of Culture. Houghton Mifflin Co. Boston 1934. Posteriormente ha habido otras ediciones en idioma original y traducciones.Redpield, Robert. The Folk Society. American Journal of Sociology. Vol. LII, No. 4, pp. 293-308. January 1947.Cooley, C. H. Social Organization. Charles Scribner's Sons. New York, 1909.Loomis, Charles P. and Beegle, J. Allan. Rural Social Systems. A Textbook in Rural Sociology and Anthropology. Prentice-Hall, Inc. New York, 1951. XXVIII-873 pp. Véase el Capítulo I: The Nature of Social Systems. Frames of Reference.Quinto Censo de Población. 15 de mayo de 1930. Resumen General. Estados Unidos Mexicanos. Secretaría de la Economía Nacional, Dirección General de Estadística. XXXI-260 pp. p. XIX.Séptimo Censo General de Población. 6 de junio de 1950. Resumen General. Estados Unidos Mexicanos. Secretaría de Economía, Dirección General de Estadística. 264 pp. p. 20.Whetten, Nathan. Rural México. Second impression. The University of Chicago Press. Chicago, 1954. XXV-671 pp. La primera edición de esta importante obra, fue hecha en 1948 por la misma casa editora. En México se hizo una traducción publicada por la Revista Problemas Agrícolas e Industriales de México. Vol. V, No. 2, 1953.Hertz Golden, Hilda. Literacy and Social Change in Underdevoloped Countries. Rural Sociology. Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 1-7. March 1955.Domínguez Toledano, Alfonso. Bioestadística. Museo Nacional de Antropología. Serie Científica 2. México, 1953. 181 pp. Sin desconocer que todos los tratados de Estadística consignan amplios capítulos sobre correlaciones lineales y no lineales, esta obra tiene el mérito de consignar numerosos ejemplos obtenidos de investigaciones efectuadas por antropólogos mexicanos. Para el cálculo de correlaciones a base de números índices debe verse la obra, que es de las pocas que se ocupan de este aspecto, de Corrado Gini, Curso de Estadística. Segunda Edición. Editorial Labor, S. A. Barcelona y Madrid, 1953. XIX-555 pp. Consúltese el Capítulo IV, parte Segunda, titulada: Relaciones entre las modalidades de dos fenómenos colectivos.Séptimo Censo General de Población. 6 de junio de 1950. Resumen General. Dirección General de Estadística. p. 86.Smith, Thomas Lynn. The Sociology of Rural Life. 1953. p. 18.Séptimo Censo General de Población. 6 de junio de 1950. Resumen General. Dirección General de Estadística. p. 82.Dávalos Hurtado, E. y Marino Flores, A. Reflexiones acerca de la Antropología Mexicana, Anales del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 1954. Tomo VIII, pp. 163-209, México, 1956. Véase el inciso VI. Analfabetismo.Marino Flores, Anselmo. El Analfabetismo en México. Afirmaciones. No. 2. México, 1957.Séptimo Censo General de Población. 6 de junio de 1950. Resumen General. Dirección General de Estadística. p. 86.Séptimo Censo General de Población. 6 de junio de 1950. Resumen General. Dirección General de Estadística. p. 82.Marino Flores, Anselmo. Indígenas de México. Algunas Consideraciones Demográficas. América Indígena. Vol. XVI, No. 1, pp. 41-48, México, enero 1956.Demographic Yearbook 1955. United Nations. New York, 1955. XI-781. pp. pp. 185-197
O Enigma do Mal: uma leitura do 'De casu diaboli'de Santo Anselmo (The enigma of evil: a reading of St. Anselm’s De casu diaboli) - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2013v11n32p1551
No full textO presente artigo quer investigar o problema do mal na perspectiva de Santo Anselmo, tomando como ponto de partida sua obra De casu diaboli, onde o tema é abordado, a partir da íntima ligação entre mal e pecado. Ao enfocar o mal na perspectiva da queda diabólica, o Doutor Magnífico intenta mostrar a conexão entre vontade, liberdade e justiça. Sua preocupação é investigar o significado moral da má escolha, realizada por uma criatura racional e puramente espiritual, feita boa e para ser boa. O pecado, consoante o autor, não está em almejar a felicidade, pois tal desejo é dádiva divina; o mal praticado pelo anjo está, precisamente, em querer a felicidade fora da justiça, isto é, ao querer ser feliz, ele foi de encontro ao que ele deveria ser: quis ser semelhante a Deus, extrapolando a sua própria natureza, pois ele desejou algo que, enquanto criatura, não caberia a ele almejar. Este é o ponto de partida para analisar o mal e sua mais dramática consequência, o sofrimento. Palavras-chave: Mal. Vontade. Justiça. Anselmo. Abstract This article aims to investigate the problem of evil in Saint Anselm, especially in his treatise De casu diaboli. He approaches this issue from the close connection between evil and sin. Upon analyzing evil from the diabolic fall perspective, Dr. Magnificent tries to establish a connection between will, freedom and justice. This text investigates the moral meaning of misconduct, carried out by a rational and purely spiritual creature that was created good and meant to be good. Seeking for happiness is not itself a sin, according to the author, for such a wish is a gift from God. The evil done by the angel lies in the act of wanting happiness without justice, that is, on wanting to be happy, the angel contradicted what he was supposed to be: he wanted to be like God, transcending his own nature, as he wished for something that, as a creature, he was not fit to wish for. This is the starting point to analyze evil and its most dramatic consequence: suffering. Key-words: Evil. Will. Justice. Anselm. </p
Laser Printer Attribution: Exploring new Features and Beyond Dataset
No full text<p>This is the dataset of the paper Laser Printer Attribution: Exploring New Features and Beyond.<br><br>The dataset contains printed documents and extracted characters from 10 printers as described in the<br>paper. Each printer prints documents in English and Portuguese. The directories are then divided in<br>english documents (I) and portuguese Documents (P). There are three kinds of dataset:<br><br><strong>1- Printer_full_dataset:</strong> this dataset contains the full documents scanned. We use this dataset when<br>we perform experiments on frames and in the whole document.<br><strong><br>2- Printer_char_dataset:</strong> contains extracted characters per printer and per document. We use this<br>dataset when we perform experiments on characters.<br><strong><br>3- Printer_char_Farid_Dataset:</strong> The work of kee and Farid was applied on letters of same<br>size, and this does not happen on our Printer_char_dataset. Here, the letters are resized to be of<br>same dimensions, then, the Kee and Farid's approach can work.<br><br>Please find more details on the dataset in the README file that follows the zip file.<br><br>Once using the dataset in your research, plese don't forget to cite our paper:</p>
<pre>@article{anselmoetal:2015,
title = "Laser Printer Attribution: Exploring New Features and Beyond",
journal = "Forensic Science International ",
volume = "247",
number = "0",
pages = "105 - 125",
year = "2015",
author = "Anselmo Ferreira and Luiz C. Navarro and Giuliano Pinheiro and Jefersson A. dos Santos and Anderson Rocha",
}</pre>
Ibadism in Oman and developments in the field of Christian – Muslim relationships
No full textThe purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between Christians and the IbadT of Oman, as a contribution to Christian-Muslim dialogue. The main focus is an assessment of the contribution offered in the past by the small missionary presence, and of the potential scope and areas of dialogue between the recent guest-worker Christian community, and their hosts - a Muslim country growing in international status. The thesis tells the story of a dynamic engagement in dialogue. The history, customs and beliefs of the country will be outlined, with particular emphasis on meeting points with Christian missionaries. The History of the Imams and Seyyids of Oman by SalTl bin Razlk, translated by CP. Badger and published in 1871, is the source of several more recent works consulted. The Journal of the Arabian Mission of the Reformed Church of America, Neglected Arabia/ Arabia Calling: 1892-1962 and the quarterly The Muslim World (from 1911) have been among other main sources. Some of the many books and articles by Samuel Zwemer have been read; he visited Muscat in Oman on several occasions - his brother Peter contracting a fatal illness while serving there. The IbadT believe their understanding of Islam to be close to that of the Prophet Muhammad; individual in faith, they fiercely claim to be orthodox in their interpretation of the Our'an and they are quick to speak out when they think Its essential tenets are being compromised. They can therefore perhaps afford to be relaxed when it comes to living alongside those who are not themselves IbadT and are willing to listen to them with an open mind. Their courteous meeting with the Christians they welcome to their country offers clues in the wider field of Christian-Muslim relations
The power of peripheral governments : coping with the 1891 financial crisis in Portugal
No full textIn 1891 a financial crisis led Portugal to abandon the gold standard and to partially default by cutting interest payments on domestic and foreign debt. As a consequence, the country was banned from borrowing in international financial markets, until an agreement with foreign bondholders was reached in 1902. That financial crisis was the result of large current account and government deficits. Yet the abandonment of the gold standard and default were not imposed by financial difficulties only. This paper shows that such options were taken because of the growing domestic consensus regarding the need for a change in monetary policies. The concern about the domestic economy was more important to the Portuguese governments than the fear of a negative reaction of foreign bondholders. Insufficient information about the sustainability of government debt and lack of cooperation between borrowers left the Portuguese governments with space to manoeuvre according to their domestic political interest
De la hipersignificación a la insignificancia: Significatio y appellatio en De grammatico de Anselmo de Canterbury. Un tratamiento sui generis del término medio silogístico de Aristóteles
No full textEl único texto de Anselmo dedicado a cuestiones dialécticas vigentes al momento de su redacción (inmediatamente después de Monologion y Proslogion, hacia 1080), es también el único que carece de título propio, y debe ser nombrado mediante el incipit, esto es, De grammatico... A juicio de su autor, la obra constituye una útil introducción a la dialéctica (non inuti lem ut puto introducendis ad dialecticam, cuius initium est De grammatico). Esto es suficiente para establecer la relevancia que pudo tener para Anselmo este opúsculo: bastante poca, a juzgar por el resto de las obras, de las cuales ninguna carece de título y casi ninguna de prólogo propio. Sin embargo, el extenso trabajo formal que le fuera dedicado por P. Henry en perspectiva de la ontología de S. Lesniewsky, como también las resonancias lingüísticas del tratamiento de parónimos o denominativos a partir de Prisciano, al igual que las vicisitudes del aristotelismo latino del siglo XI transmitido por Boecio, hacen meritorio retomar el texto en cuestión. El opúsculo de Anselmo sobre cuestiones dialécticas debatibles al momento de su redacción (ca 1080), es también el único que carece de título propio, y nos referimos a a él mediante su incipit: De grammatico. La obra constituye, según Anselmo, una introducción podría decirse que trivial a la dialéctica (non inutilem ut puto introducendis ad dialecticam, cuius initium est De grammatico...) . La relevancia que tenía para su autor este opúsculo es bastante poca, a juzgar por el resto de las obras, donde ninguna carece de título. Es comprensible lo que acaba de decirse, teniendo en cuenta que es un tratado no teológico; puede corroborarse por una expresión muy significativa hacia el final: admitir la posibilidad de que existan argumentos más poderosos atinentes a la cuestión, la cual quedaría establecida así validioribus argumentis en una línea exclusivamente racional y descartando cualquier maior auctoritas eclesiástica. Contra la trivialidad aparente, el extenso trabajo que le dedicara D.P.Henry . Las resonancias lingüísticas del tratamiento de parónimos o denominativos a partir de Prisciano, al igual que el aristotelismo latino del siglo XI transmitido por Boecio, nos obligan a retomarlo. En efecto, se trata de un texto enigmático que no justifica por sí mismo las razones históricas de su difusión ni proporciona indicador alguno sobre su función doctrinal, que parece estar ausente, exige una reflexión acerca de si se trata de una obra constructiva que prepara un cambio en su pensamiento, un eje que coordina dos grandes momentos especulativos, o ambas cosas. Procederé a exponer primero el diseño de su articulación material, luego su articulación temática y finalmente la urdimbre argumental que desarrolla.The only text Anselm wrote about dialectal matters current at the time of writing (immediately after Monolo-gion and Proslogion, circa 1080) is also the only one that does not have a title of its own and must be referred to by the incipit, that is, De grammatico... According to the author, the text constitutes a useful introduction to dialectics (non inutilem ut puto introducendis ad dialecticam, cuius initium estDe grammatico) This is enough evidence to establish the relevance this treatise may have had for Anselm: very little, since none of the remaining works lacks a title and almost all have a prologue of their own. However, the extensive formal work dedicated by P. Henry in perspective of S. Lesniewsky’s ontology and also the linguistic echoes of the treatment of paronyms or denominatives taken from Prisciano and the vicissitudes of XI century Latin Aristotelianism passed on by Boethius make the consideration of said text commendable.Fil: Corti, Enrique Camilo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
Taxonomía y filogenia molecular de especies de PHYTOSEIIDAE de Tungurahua - Ecuador
No full textABSTRACT
Author: Mg. Marco Pérez Salinas, TAXONOMY AND MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY OF PHYTOSEIIDAE SPECIES OF TUNGURAHUA - ECUADOR, Adviser: Dr. Humberto Anselmo Carrasco, Coadvisor: Ph.D. Carlos Vásquez, 71 p., 2018, National university of Trujillo. In Ecuador there is no information on taxonomy of Phytoseiidae. In the present study, the chaetotaxic variations were determinated in populations of Neoseiulus sp. and Typhlodromus sp. (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in cultivars of the Ambato canton (Ecuador). Specimens of Phytoseiidae were collected in plants of Fragaria ananassa cv. Albion and Rubus glaucus cv. Mora de Castilla . The specimens of Phytoseiidae were separated by morphotype and permanent assemblies were prepared using PVA liquid identified with data of sampling location, plant species, date of collection. For the chaetotaxic analysis the following morphological characters were considered: length of the dorsal setae (j1, j3, j4, j5, j6, J5, z2, z4, z5, s4, Z4, Z5, S5, r3 and r1), presence and length of macrosetae in the legs, distance between the bases of the sternal setae, length of the fixed and mobile fingers of the chelicerae, length and width of the dorsal shield and of the ventral shields (sternal, genital and ventricular). An Analysis of Variance was used to determine the differences of the morphological measurements. To visualize the homogeneity within populations and the heterogeneity between populations, a principal components analysis was made, using the multivariate statistics program NTSYSpc v. 2.11T. According to the results, the length and width of the idiosome, as well as the chaetotaxy of the dorsal idiosomal setae showed significant differences among the five populations studied. Regarding the length and width of the idiosoma, the population of Neoseiulus collected in strawberry plants in Huachi Grande showed the highest values, followed by the populations collected in Montalvo and Juan Benigno Vela. When considering the dorsal idiosomal mushrooms, differences were observed in the setae j1, j3, j4, j5, z2, z4, z5, r3, J5, S5 and R1.
The analysis of main components explained the variation in the morphometric measurements applied on the individuals of 5 populations in 58.95% for the first two axes and in 70.49% for the first three axes. Based on the results on morphometry of specimens of Neoseiulus sp. and Typhlodromus sp., the use of dorsal idiosomal setae is useful for the identification and separation of the populations studied.RESUMEN
Autor: Mg. Marco Pérez Salinas, TAXONOMÍA Y FILOGENIA MOLECULAR DE ESPECIES DE PHYTOSEIIDAE DE TUNGURAHUA – ECUADOR, Asesor: Dr. Humberto Anselmo Carrasco, Coasesor: Ph.D. Carlos Vásquez, 71 p., 2018, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo. En Ecuador no existe información sobre taxonomía de Phytoseiidae. En tal sentido, en el presente estudio se determinaron las variaciones quetotáxicas en poblaciones de Neoseiulus sp. y Typhlodromus sp. (Acari: Phytoseiidae) en cultivares del cantón Ambato (Ecuador). Se colectaron especímenes de Phytoseiidae en plantas de Fragaria ananassa cv. Albión y Rubus glaucus cv. Mora de Castilla. Los especímenes de Phytoseiidae fueron separados por morfotipo y se prepararon montajes permanentes usando líquido PVA identificados con datos de localidad de muestreo, especie de planta, fecha de colecta. Para el análisis quetotáxico fueron considerados los siguientes caracteres morfológicos: largo de las setas dorsales (j1, j3, j4, j5, j6, J5, z2, z4, z5, s4, Z4, Z5, S5, r3 y r1), presencia y largo de macrosetas en las patas, distancia entre las bases de las setas esternales, largo de los dedos fijos y móviles de los quelíceros, largo y ancho del escudo dorsal y de los escudos ventrales (esternal, genital y ventrianal). Se usó un Análisis de Varianza para determinar las diferencias de las medidas morfológicas. Para visualizar la homogeneidad dentro de poblaciones y la heterogeneidad entre poblaciones, se hizo un análisis de componentes principales usando el programa de estadística multivariada NTSYSpc v. 2.11T. De acuerdo con los resultados, el largo y ancho del idiosoma, así como la quetotaxia de las setas idiosomales dorsales mostró diferencias significativas entre las cinco poblaciones estudiadas. Con relación al largo y ancho del idiosoma, la población de Neoseiulus colectadas en plantas de fresa en la localidad Huachi Grande mostró los mayores valores, seguida de las poblaciones colectadas en Montalvo y Juan Benigno Vela. Al considerar las setas idiosomales dorsales se observaron diferencias en las setas j1, j3, j4, j5, z2, z4, z5, r3, J5, S5 y R1. El análisis de componentes principales permitió explicar la variación en las mediciones morfométricas aplicadas sobre los individuos de 5 poblaciones en un 58,95% para los dos primeros ejes y en un 70,49% para los tres primeros ejes. Basados en los resultados sobre morfometría de los especímenes de Neoseiulus sp. y Typhlodromus sp., el uso de las setas idiosomales dorsales resultan de utilidad para la identificación y separación de las poblaciones estudiadas.Tesi
Taxonomía y filogenia molecular de especies de PHYTOSEIIDAE de Tungurahua - Ecuador
No full textABSTRACT
Author: Mg. Marco Pérez Salinas, TAXONOMY AND MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY OF PHYTOSEIIDAE SPECIES OF TUNGURAHUA - ECUADOR, Adviser: Dr. Humberto Anselmo Carrasco, Coadvisor: Ph.D. Carlos Vásquez, 71 p., 2018, National university of Trujillo. In Ecuador there is no information on taxonomy of Phytoseiidae. In the present study, the chaetotaxic variations were determinated in populations of Neoseiulus sp. and Typhlodromus sp. (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in cultivars of the Ambato canton (Ecuador). Specimens of Phytoseiidae were collected in plants of Fragaria ananassa cv. Albion and Rubus glaucus cv. Mora de Castilla . The specimens of Phytoseiidae were separated by morphotype and permanent assemblies were prepared using PVA liquid identified with data of sampling location, plant species, date of collection. For the chaetotaxic analysis the following morphological characters were considered: length of the dorsal setae (j1, j3, j4, j5, j6, J5, z2, z4, z5, s4, Z4, Z5, S5, r3 and r1), presence and length of macrosetae in the legs, distance between the bases of the sternal setae, length of the fixed and mobile fingers of the chelicerae, length and width of the dorsal shield and of the ventral shields (sternal, genital and ventricular). An Analysis of Variance was used to determine the differences of the morphological measurements. To visualize the homogeneity within populations and the heterogeneity between populations, a principal components analysis was made, using the multivariate statistics program NTSYSpc v. 2.11T. According to the results, the length and width of the idiosome, as well as the chaetotaxy of the dorsal idiosomal setae showed significant differences among the five populations studied. Regarding the length and width of the idiosoma, the population of Neoseiulus collected in strawberry plants in Huachi Grande showed the highest values, followed by the populations collected in Montalvo and Juan Benigno Vela. When considering the dorsal idiosomal mushrooms, differences were observed in the setae j1, j3, j4, j5, z2, z4, z5, r3, J5, S5 and R1.
The analysis of main components explained the variation in the morphometric measurements applied on the individuals of 5 populations in 58.95% for the first two axes and in 70.49% for the first three axes. Based on the results on morphometry of specimens of Neoseiulus sp. and Typhlodromus sp., the use of dorsal idiosomal setae is useful for the identification and separation of the populations studied.RESUMEN
Autor: Mg. Marco Pérez Salinas, TAXONOMÍA Y FILOGENIA MOLECULAR DE ESPECIES DE PHYTOSEIIDAE DE TUNGURAHUA – ECUADOR, Asesor: Dr. Humberto Anselmo Carrasco, Coasesor: Ph.D. Carlos Vásquez, 71 p., 2018, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo. En Ecuador no existe información sobre taxonomía de Phytoseiidae. En tal sentido, en el presente estudio se determinaron las variaciones quetotáxicas en poblaciones de Neoseiulus sp. y Typhlodromus sp. (Acari: Phytoseiidae) en cultivares del cantón Ambato (Ecuador). Se colectaron especímenes de Phytoseiidae en plantas de Fragaria ananassa cv. Albión y Rubus glaucus cv. Mora de Castilla. Los especímenes de Phytoseiidae fueron separados por morfotipo y se prepararon montajes permanentes usando líquido PVA identificados con datos de localidad de muestreo, especie de planta, fecha de colecta. Para el análisis quetotáxico fueron considerados los siguientes caracteres morfológicos: largo de las setas dorsales (j1, j3, j4, j5, j6, J5, z2, z4, z5, s4, Z4, Z5, S5, r3 y r1), presencia y largo de macrosetas en las patas, distancia entre las bases de las setas esternales, largo de los dedos fijos y móviles de los quelíceros, largo y ancho del escudo dorsal y de los escudos ventrales (esternal, genital y ventrianal). Se usó un Análisis de Varianza para determinar las diferencias de las medidas morfológicas. Para visualizar la homogeneidad dentro de poblaciones y la heterogeneidad entre poblaciones, se hizo un análisis de componentes principales usando el programa de estadística multivariada NTSYSpc v. 2.11T. De acuerdo con los resultados, el largo y ancho del idiosoma, así como la quetotaxia de las setas idiosomales dorsales mostró diferencias significativas entre las cinco poblaciones estudiadas. Con relación al largo y ancho del idiosoma, la población de Neoseiulus colectadas en plantas de fresa en la localidad Huachi Grande mostró los mayores valores, seguida de las poblaciones colectadas en Montalvo y Juan Benigno Vela. Al considerar las setas idiosomales dorsales se observaron diferencias en las setas j1, j3, j4, j5, z2, z4, z5, r3, J5, S5 y R1. El análisis de componentes principales permitió explicar la variación en las mediciones morfométricas aplicadas sobre los individuos de 5 poblaciones en un 58,95% para los dos primeros ejes y en un 70,49% para los tres primeros ejes. Basados en los resultados sobre morfometría de los especímenes de Neoseiulus sp. y Typhlodromus sp., el uso de las setas idiosomales dorsales resultan de utilidad para la identificación y separación de las poblaciones estudiadas.Tesi
Primera parte de la Carolea Inchiridion : que trata de la vida y hechos del ... Emperador Don Carlos Quinto ... y de muchas notables cosas en ella sucedidas hasta el año de 1555 ...
No full textDatos de imp. tomados de colofón. -- En colofón consta: La segunda parte desta historia se imprimira luego Sign.: a6, A-Z8, Aa-Zz8, Aaa-Hhh8, Iii12, Kkk7.Las p. a6 y Kkk7v en bl. -- Apost. marg.
Port. con esc. xil. de Don Alvaro de Bazán a quien va dedicada la obra. -- Capitales grab. xil
A systematic review of evidence on malignant spinal metastases : natural history and technologies for identifying patients at high risk of vertebral fracture and spinal cord compression
No full textBackground: Spinal metastases can lead to significant morbidity and reduction in quality of life due to spinal cord compression (SCC). Between 5% and 20% of patients with spinal metastases develop metastatic spinal cord compression during the course of their disease. An early study estimated average survival for patients with SCC to be between 3 and 7 months, with a 36% probability of survival to 12 months. An understanding of the natural history and early diagnosis of spinal metastases and prediction of collapse of the metastatic vertebrae are important.
Objective: To undertake a systematic review to examine the natural history of metastatic spinal lesions and to identify patients at high risk of vertebral fracture and SCC.
Data sources: The search strategy covered the concepts of metastasis, the spine and adults. Searches were undertaken from inception to June 2011 in 13 electronic databases [MEDLINE; MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations; EMBASE; Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE), NHS Economic Evaluation Database (NHS EED), HTA databases (NHS Centre for Reviews and Dissemination); Science Citation Index and Conference Proceedings (Web of Science); UK Clinical Research Network (UKCRN) Portfolio Database; Current Controlled Trials; ClinicalTrials.gov].
Review methods: Titles and abstracts of retrieved studies were assessed by two reviewers independently. Disagreement was resolved by consensus agreement. Full data were extracted independently by one reviewer. All included studies were reviewed by a second researcher with disagreements resolved by discussion. A quality assessment instrument was used to assess bias in six domains: study population, attrition, prognostic factor measurement, outcome measurement, confounding measurement and account, and analysis. Data were tabulated and discussed in a narrative review. Each tumour type was looked at separately.
Results: In all, 2425 potentially relevant articles were identified, of which 31 met the inclusion criteria. No study examined natural history alone. Seventeen studies reported retrospective data, 10 were prospective studies, and three were other study designs. There was one systematic review. There were no randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Approximately 5782 participants were included. Sample sizes ranged from 41 to 859. The age of participants ranged between 7 and 92 years. Types of cancers reported on were lung alone (n= 3), prostate alone (n= 6), breast alone (n= 7), mixed cancers (n= 13) and unclear (n= 1). A total of 93 prognostic factors were identified as potentially significant in predicting risk of SCC or collapse. Overall findings indicated that the more spinal metastases present and the longer a patient was at risk, the greater the reported likelihood of development of SCC and collapse. There was an increased risk of developing SCC if a cancer had already spread to the bones. In the prostate cancer studies, tumour grade, metastatic load and time on hormone therapy were associated with increased risk of SCC. In one study, risk of SCC before death was 24%, and 2.37 times greater with a Gleason score 7 than with a score of < 7 (p= 0.003). Other research found that patients with six or more bone lesions were at greater risk of SCC than those with fewer than six lesions [odds ratio (OR) 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.012 to 8.35, p= 0.047]. For breast cancer patients who received a computerised tomography (CT) scan for suspected SCC, multiple logistic regression in one study identified four independent variables predictive of a positive test: bone metastases 2 years (OR 3.0 95% CI 1.2 to 7.6; p= 0.02); metastatic disease at initial diagnosis (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.0 to 11.4; p= 0.05); objective weakness (OR 3.8, 95% CI 1.5 to 9.5; p= 0.005); and vertebral compression fracture on spine radiograph (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.0 to 6.5; p= 0.05). A further study on mixed cancers, among patients who received surgery for SCC, reported that vertebral body compression fractures were associated with presurgery chemotherapy (OR 2.283, 95% CI 1.064 to 4.898; p= 0.03), cancer type [primary breast cancer (OR 4.179, 95% CI 1.457 to 11.983; p= 0.008)], thoracic involvement (OR 3.505, 95% CI 1.343 to 9.143; p= 0.01) and anterior cord compression (OR 3.213, 95% CI 1.416 to 7.293; p= 0.005).
Limitations: Many of the included studies provided limited information about patient populations and selection criteria and they varied in methodological quality, rigour and transparency. Several studies identified type of cancer (e.g. breast, lung or prostate cancer) as a significant factor in predicting SCC, but it remains difficult to determine the risk differential partly because of residual bias. Consideration of quantitative results from the studies does not easily allow generation of a coherent numerical summary, studies were heterogeneous especially with regard to population, results were not consistent between studies, and study results almost universally lacked corroboration from other independent studies.
Conclusion: No studies were found which examined natural history. Overall burden of metastatic disease, confirmed metastatic bone involvement and immediate symptomatology suggestive of spinal column involvement are already well known as factors for metastatic SCC, vertebral collapse or progression of vertebral collapse. Although we identified a large number of additional possible prognostic factors, those which currently offer the most potential are unclear. Current clinical consensus favours magnetic resonance imaging and CT imaging modalities for the investigation of SCC and vertebral fracture. Future research should concentrate on: (1) prospective randomised designs to establish clinical and quality-of-life outcomes and cost-effectiveness of identification and treatment of patients at high risk of vertebral collapse and SCC; (2) Service Delivery and Organisation research on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and scanning (in tandem with research studies on use of MRI to monitor progression) in order to understand best methods for maximising use of MRI scanners; and (3) investigation of prognostic algorithms to calculate probability of a specified event using high-quality prospective studies, involving defined populations, randomly selected and clearly identified samples, and with blinding of investigators
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