1,720,984 research outputs found
Urban quality evaluation by means of acoustic indicators and indexes: validation of an acoustic quality index
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Criteri tecnici e considerazioni per l’attuazione delle disposizioni comunitarie (relazione ad invito)
No full textNel Libro Verde sulle politiche ambientali future la Commissione Europea definisce il rumore come una delle maggiori fonti di inquinamento in Europa. Per far fronte a tale problematica, la Commissione Europea ha emanato nel 2002 la Direttiva 2002/49/CE (END) con l’intento di valutare lo stato di inquinamento acustico del territorio e sviluppare dei piani d’azione coordinati per il contenimento del rumore ambientale e la preservazione delle zone silenziose, sulla base di criteri comuni ai diversi Stati Membri. Il perseguimento di tali obiettivi presuppone la definizione di descrittori e metodi di valutazione armonizzati, nonché l’individuazione di opportuni criteri da adottare per la determinazione e restituzione degli elaborati (mappature acustiche).
Nel decreto di recepimento D. Lgs. 19 agosto 2005, n° 194, l’attuazione della direttiva è garantita da uno schema gestionale coordinato dal Ministero dell’Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare, quale responsabile ed interlocutore unico per la trasmissione dei dati alla Commissione Europea.
La recente esperienza di mappatura acustica in Italia ha evidenziato che una distribuzione eccessivamente frammentata delle attività non consente di pervenire ad una visione globale del problema, né di individuare delle linee strategiche in grado di definire un approccio coerente con le politiche ambientali del territorio, in particolare in quei contesti dove la coesistenza di più sorgenti sonore richiederebbe la presenza di una figura di coordinamento super partes che dirima le situazioni di concorsualità e proceda ad una valutazione complessiva del clima acustico dell’area. A questo occorre aggiungere che laddove si è tentato di pervenire ad un approccio integrato per ovviare a tale problematica, i gestori delle principali infrastrutture nazionali si sono mostrati recalcitranti a fornire i dati di loro competenza.
Alla luce di tutto ciò, nel lavoro si propone un approccio alternativo, che prevede un assetto organizzativo e gestionale radicalmente rinnovato. Nell’ipotesi innovativa, le attività di mappatura acustica sono demandate ad un unico soggetto responsabile , individuato dalle singole Regioni o Province Autonome, che provvede ad eseguire gli elaborati richiesti dalla Direttiva su tutto il territorio di competenza, utilizzando i metodi di valutazione comuni semplificati indicati dalla Commissione Europea.
La mappatura acustica ed i piani di indirizzo strategico di tutte le infrastrutture e degli agglomerati sono gestiti in maniera unificata dalle autorità competenti individuate dalle Regioni. I singoli gestori che con le loro infrastrutture contribuiscono al clima acustico del territorio sono tenuti all’invio dei dati relativi alle sorgenti di loro competenza occorrenti per la mappatura.
Dalle esperienze di applicazione delle disposizioni comunitarie, in particolare della END, al contesto italiano si sono quindi tratte indicazioni convergenti verso un’esigenza di rinnovamento dell’assetto normativo e gestionale a cui devono fare riferimento i gestori delle infrastrutture e i responsabili degli agglomerati per adempiere a quanto prescritto dalle disposizioni nazionali e europee
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
SOUNDSCAPE ASSESSMENT OF THE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING EXTERNAL AREA AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PISA
No full textAccording to the EU Environmental Noise Directive, noise pollution mitigation is a key aspect in reducing the harmful consequences of environmental noise exposure. Within national and European regulations, noise exposure management is achieved only on the basis of sound pressure level limits, not covering aspects of sound perception. The soundscape approach provides a new key for the assessment of outdoor areas based on the subjective perception of users. This approach was used to assess the environmental noise exposure of students at the School of Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy. A soundscape analysis was carried out in five measuring points located in the defined area between Pisa San Rossore train station, Piazza del Duomo, and the School of Engineering. A classroom of university students was involved in the assessment of the soundscape and the overall environment of each measuring point, according to ISO/TS 12913-2:2018 procedure. In this article, a preliminary analysis of the main acoustic and psychoacoustic parameters is discussed, obtained by comparing subjective responses and assessments according to standards. As expected, the soundscape technique produces a more in-depth assessment of the perceived quality of outdoor areas, allowing both noise pollution to be countered and sounds to be included if they enrich life sounds
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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