1,721,029 research outputs found
Social cognition in temporal lobe epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textObjective: There is increasing evidence suggesting that social cognitive abilities are impaired in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), the most common form of focal epilepsies. Methods: In this meta-analysis, 31 studies investigating theory of mind (ToM) and facial emotion recognition performances of 1356 patients with TLE (351 postsurgery) and 859 healthy controls were included. Results: Patients with TLE had significant deficits in ToM (d = 0.73-0.89) and recognition of facial emotions. There were no significant differences in severity of social cognitive deficits between patients with TLE with or without medial temporal lobectomy. Earlier onset of seizures was associated with ToM impairment. Rightsided TLE was associated with more severe deficits in recognition of fear, sadness, and disgust. Conclusions: Social cognitive information processing is impaired in TLE, and the potential role of these deficits in functional impairment needs to be further investigated
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Bipolar bozukluk tanısı almış olan 13-19 yaş arasındaki ergenlerin prodromal belirtiler açısından incelenmesi
No full textGiriş: Bipolar bozukluk, bozulmuş aile ve arkadaşlık ilişkileri, kötü akademik
performans, hospitalizasyon, intihar girişimleri gibi belirgin problemlere yol açan halk
sağlığı sorunudur. Yüksek morbidite, mortalite ve kronik seyir göz önüne alındığında,
bipolar bozuklukta erken tanı ve tedavinin kritik olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada,
bipolar bozukluğu olan ergenlerin hastalık tanısı almadan önce öncül belirtiler yaşayıp
yaşamadığı, öncül belirtiler yaşıyorlarsa bu belirtilerin bipolar bozukluğa özgü olup
olmadığının saptanması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: 13-19 yaş aralığında toplam 121 olgu (30 erken başlangıçlı psikoz (EBP), 33
bipolar bozukluk (BB) ve hasta grubu ile yaş ve sosyo-ekonomik seviye bakımından
eşlenmiş 58 sağlıklı kontrol (SK)) çalışmaya alındı. Tüm olgulara sosyodemografik
veri formu, ÇDŞG-ŞY, Çocukların Global Değerlendirme Skalası ve Premorbid Uyum
Ölçeği uygulandı. EBP grubundaki hastalar için ilk psikotik atak dönemindeki ve son
değerlendirmedeki Pozitif ve Negatif Sendrom Ölçeği puanları, BB grubu için yaşam
boyu çizelgesi, ÇDŞG-ŞY sonuçları, 2 çocuk ve bir erişkin psikiyatristinden oluşan
juriye sunuldu ve hastanın tanısı üç kişilik jürinin ortak karara varması durumunda
kabul edildi. Prodromal dönemin sorgulanması için, her hastaya literatürden
faydalanarak oluşturulmuş 79 belirtinin ilk atak öncesinde var olup olmadığı, varsa
şiddeti, sıklığı ve kötüleşmesi sorgulandı. Yalnızca orta ve ciddi seviyede olan ve ilk
manik atak veya psikotik atak öncesinde yeni ortaya çıkan veya kötüleşen semptomlar
prodromal belirti olarak kabul edildi.
Bulgular: BB grubunda ortalama prodromal dönem süresi 26,3±10 ay, EBP grubunda
23,3±12,1 aydı. BB grubunun %87,9'unda, EBP grubunun ise %73,4'ünde prodromal
dönem 12 aydan uzundu. BB grubunda görülen prodromal belirtiler çoğunlukla genel
belirti, eşik altı depresif belirti ve eşik altı manik belirti semptom kümelerinden
oluşmaktaydı ve olguların %50'den fazla görülen belirtiler: depresif duygudurum
(%66,7), sinirlilik (%63,6), karşıt olma davranışları (%51,5), okul işlevselliğinde
bozulmaydı (%51,5). Prodromal semptomların çoğu, EBP ve BB gruplarında benzer
sıklıkta görülmekteydi. Yalnızca enerji artışı, özgüven artışı, dürtüsellik, özkıyım
düşünceleri, uykusuzluk, karşıt olma davranışları ve öfke patlamaları BB grubunda,
süphecilik ise EBP grubunda, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olacak şekilde daha yüksek sıklıktaydı. Prodromal dönem belirti kümeleri açısından ise EBP ve BB ayrımında, her
iki grup arasında görülme sıklığı açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık
saptanmasa da ≥3 depresif belirti olmasının BB riskini; temel belirti, APS ve ≥2 negatif
belirtinin bulunmasının ise EBP riskini yaklaşık olarak iki kat arttırdığı saptandı. EBP
ve BB grupları arasında görülme sıklığı açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık
saptanan AMSS'nin varlığının BB riskini 5,61 kat; Kısa Süreli Geçici ve Sınırlı
Psikotik Semptomun bulunmasının ise EBP riskini 4,69 kat arttırdığı bulundu. BB
grubunu SK'den ve EBP'den ayırt etmekte ön gördürücü olan semptom kümeleri
lojistik regresyon aracılığıyla değerlendirildi. Analize göre, SK ile kıyaslandığında,
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olacak şekilde AMSS'nin (p=0,034) ve ≥2 depresif
belirtinin (p=0,007) varlığının BB riskini arttırdığı tespit edildi. BB ile EBP ayrımında
ise yine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olacak şekilde Kısa Süreli Geçici ve Sınırlı Psikotik
Semptom (p=0,016) varlığının EBP riskini, AMSS (p=0,003) ve DEHB (p=0,012)
varlığının ise BB riskini arttırdığını saptandı.
Sonuç: BB'nin işlevselliği yaşam boyu ciddi derecede etkileyen, yüksek morbidite ve
mortalite ile seyreden psikiyatrik bir bozukluk olması sebebiyle, prodromal dönem,
hastalığın ortaya çıkmasının engellenmesi, geciktirilmesi ya da şiddetinin
hafifletilmesi açısından önemli bir hedeftir. Çalışmamızda BB olan ergenlerin çok
büyük kısmında erken müdahaleye imkan tanıyacak uzunlukta prodromal dönem
olduğu, özellikle eşik altı ve manik belirti kümesinin BB'yi SK'dan ayırt edici olduğu,
EBP ile BB'nin prodromal dönemlerinin ayırt edilmesinde ise Kısa Süreli Geçici ve
Sınırlı Psikotik Semptom, AMSS belirti kümesi ve DEHB tanısının yol gösterici
olabileceği bulunmuştur.Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a public health problem which leads to
problems such as impaired family and peer relationship, poor academic performance,
hospitalization, suicidal attempts. Considering high morbidity, mortality and chronical
course, early diagnosis and intervention of BD seems to be critical. In this study, it
was aimed to determine if adolescents with BD experience prodromal symptoms
before first full episode. If prodromal stage was present, it was also proposed to find
specificity and sensitivity of these symptoms for BD.
Method: 121 adolescents (30 early onset psychosis (EOP), 33 bipolar disorder (BD),
58 healthy control who was matched with the study groups according to age and
socioeconomic status) aged between 13-19 were recruited to study. Sociodemographic
data form, K-SADS, Childhood Global Assessment Scale, and Premorbid Adjustment
Scale were applied to each patient. Total scores of Positive and Negative Syndrome
Scale at the first psychotic episode and final evaluation for EOP group, lifechart for
BD group, and results of K-SADS were presented to a jury consisting of two child and
one adult psychiatrist. Diagnosis of the patient was accepted if the three-person jury
had a joint decision. In order to evaluate the prodromal stage, each patient was
questioned whether or not there were 79 symptoms, formed according to literature,
before their first full psychotic or manic episode. If symptom was present, severity,
frequency, and worsening were assesed. Only at least at moderate severity, newly
emerging or worsening symptoms prior to the first manic episode or psychotic episode
were considered as a prodromal symptom.
Results: Average duration of prodromal stage was 26,3±10 and 23,3±12,1 months in
BD and EOP, respectively. Prodromal stage was longer than 12 months in 87,9% of
the BD group and 73,4% of the EOP group. Most prevalent prodromal symptom
clusters seen in BD consisted general symptoms, attenuated manic and depressive
symptoms. Symptoms frequent than 50% of the cases were: depressive mood (66,7%),
irritability (63,6%), oppositional behaviors (51,5%), and impaired school functioning
(51,5%). Most of the prodromal symptoms were similar in BD and EOP. Only
increased energy, inflated self esteem, impulsivity, suicidal thoughts, sleeplessness,
oppositional behaviors and temper tantrums were more prevalent in BD; on the other hand, suspiciousness was more frequent in EOP as statistically significant. In terms of
prodromal symptom clusters, despite lack of statistically significant differences
between groups, approximately two fold increased risk was detected when presence of
≥3 depressive symptoms for BD; presence of basic symptoms, APS, and ≥2 negative
symptoms for EOP. On the other hand, there was a statistically significant difference
in the prevalence of AMSS and BLIPS between the EOP and BD groups. The presence
of AMSS had 5,61 fold and the presence of BLIPS had 4,69 fold increased risk for BD
and EOP, respectively. Logistic regression analyses were used to predict which
prodromal symptom clusters predictive of distinguishing BD group from EOP and
healthy controls. It was revealed that presence of AMSS (p=0,034) and ≥2 depressive
symptom (p=0,007) increased the risk of BD compared to healthy controls.
Differentiating BD from EOP, presence of AMSS (p=0,003) and ADHD (p=0,012)
increased risk of BD; however, presence of BLIPS (p=0,016) enhanced risk of EOP.
Conclusion: Since BD is a psychiatric disorder impairing lifelong functioning,
causing high morbidity and mortality, the prodromal stage of it is an important target
in terms of preventing, delaying or alleviating the severity of the disease. In our study,
we found prodromal period that was long enough to allow for early intervention in the
majority of adolescents with bipolar disorder. It was revealed that especially attenuated
manic and depressive symptom clusters were differentiating BD from healthy controls.
Otherwise, symptom clusters of BLIPS-AMSS, and ADHD diagnosis could be guide
in differentiating of BD and EOP in prodromal stage
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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