1,720,977 research outputs found
Editorial: Physiology of invertebrate sensing in extreme conditions and hostile environment
Full text linkStructural assessment of iron tie rods based on numerical modelling and experimental observations in Milan Cathedral
No full textIron ties contribute to the stability of structural systems having vaults and arches. The axial force in the iron ties is not easily to be measured but this knowledge is important for assessing the safety of these members. In the case of breakage of iron tie rods, the assessment study needs to understand the causes of the failures. Experimental data are collected, and models are used for their interpretation. The aim of this paper is to propose a new integrated experimental and numerical approach for the structural analysis of tie rod tensions in historical buildings. The study considers an application at Milan Cathedral, where recently some iron tie failures were observed. The collected data taken into account are: (a) Point cloud measurement of the geometry (b) Understanding of construction phases, (c) Soil-settlement measurement in the last 50 years, (d) Experimental measurement of the iron ties axial force, and (e) Documentation of damage and iron tie failures in the last century. It is here proposed to use an advanced numerical model for simulating, interpreting and predicting the measured response of the iron ties. The finite element numerical model includes detailed geometry of elements, material properties of masonry based on texture observations and iron ties modelling. The paper shows how the actual structural configuration, the choices on material properties, the consideration of construction stages or load history and soil settlements affect the tension state in the iron ties. In particular, it is demonstrated through the carried-out analysis the possibility to correlate the tension force in the ties with soil settlements. Finally, the developed numerical model can be used also during practical maintenance operations of iron tie replacement, by predicting the stressed state, the possible lateral displacements of the pier and the associated structural safety
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Transfer and development lengths of FRP prestressing tendons
No full textAn experimental investigation was conducted to determine the transfer length, development length and flexural behavior of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) tendons in prestressed concrete beams. Three types of tendons were included in the study: carbon leadline, aramid technora, and a carbon fiber reference material. In addition, 12 control beams were pretensioned with a 7 wire steel strand (ST). The transfer length for FRP tendons was reasonably well predicted by the ACI design equation, with the modification in AASHTO providing for a minimum transfer length. The ACI equation predicts the development length conservatively provided the tendon stress at nominal capacity. The article proposes the modification of the ACI equation to account for the larger bond stress developed by the FRP tendons
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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