1,720,952 research outputs found
Gender and technology in the East Midlands boot and shoe industry : 1850-1911
Get PDFMany scholars now consider that gender is an important category in historical study,
but unfortunately many do not practice what they preach. Feminists have recognised
for some time the importance of some form of historical analysis to feminism, or at
least what Judith Allen calls 'a historically grounded feminism'. The protagonists in
the debate disagree considerably, however, over the methodology which feminist
historians should adopt. The various positions taken up have led to a schism between
those who believe the feminist challenge to mainstream, or what Elizabeth Fox-
Genovese calls 'official' history, should be mounted from within the discipline of
history or from outside it. Judith Allen claims that the work which has been done in
women's history to date serves to raise considerable doubt that accepting the
discipline of history as presently constituted is a viable option for feminism. She sees
the phallocentric characteristics of history as an obstacle to feminists using history.
Allen feels that 'no less than Marxism, feminism is opposed by professional historians
as an ahistorical grid of abstraction and prescription, threatening the integrity of the
historical evidence.
Legal matters related to structural damage in the Netherlands
Get PDFWhen structural damage occurs and disputes arise, forensic engineers have to search for the causes of this damage to find out who can be held liable for it. Legal systems must provide an adequate, reasonable, effective and complete way to solve these disputes. Each country has its own system with advantages and disadvantages. This paper provides an overview of the Dutch legal system concerning liability, dispute resolution and insurances. These themes will be illustrated by quantitative research data, a comparison between the Netherlands and England and by discussing advantages and disadvantages of rules, such as reasonableness and influences on structural safety. In this way, the aim is to share knowledge and contribute to the discussion regarding the legal and judicial framework relating to structural damage.Structural EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Structural incidents in The Netherlands: A comparison of three databases
No full textAfter several major structural incidents in The Netherlands, various initiatives have been started to improve structural safety. Research studies were initiated on the characteristics, causes and consequences of structural incidents. In this paper the results of three of these research studies are compared. Each study uses different data sources: a confidential reporting system called ABC registration, Dutch arbitration awards on 'structural' failures and a newspaper called Cobouw. It appears that the reliability of the research studies varies due to the quality of both source and analysis. In addition, a comparison of the results shows variations due to the type of sources used. However, general patterns have been derived from the three databases. From this study it can be concluded that contrasting and combining results of different sources has improved the overview of structural incidents and has provided an insight into trends.Structural EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Structural unsafety revealed by failure databases
Get PDFAfter several major structural incidents in the Netherlands, such as the collapse of five balconies in Maastricht in 2001 resulting in two fatalities, various initiatives have been started to improve structural safety. Research studies were initiated on the characteristics, causes and consequences of structural incidents. In this paper the results of three of these research studies are compared. Each study uses different data sources: a confidential reporting system called ABC registration, Dutch arbitration awards on functional and structural failures and a study of structural incidents mentioned in a newspaper for the building industry, called Cobouw. A comparison of the results shows variations due to the type of sources used. However, general patterns have been derived from the three studies. The cause of structural failure on average was approximately 35% in the design phase, approximately 30% in the construction phase and approximately 10% in the use and maintenance phase. This paper shows that contrasting and combining results of different sources has improved the overview of structural incidents and has provided an insight into trends.Structural EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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