94 research outputs found
Distributed human computation framework for linked data co-reference resolution
No full textDistributed Human Computation (DHC) is a technique used to solve computational problems by incorporating the collaborative effort of a large number of humans. It is also a solution to AI-complete problems such as natural language processing. The Semantic Web with its root in AI is envisioned to be a decentralised world-wide information space for sharing machine-readable data with minimal integration costs. There are many research problems in the Semantic Web that are considered as AI-complete problems. An example is co-reference resolution, which involves determining whether different URIs refer to the same entity. This is considered to be a significant hurdle to overcome in the realisation of large-scale Semantic Web applications. In this paper, we propose a framework for building a DHC system on top of the Linked Data Cloud to solve various computational problems. To demonstrate the concept, we are focusing on handling the co-reference resolution in the Semantic Web when integrating distributed datasets. The traditional way to solve this problem is to design machine-learning algorithms. However, they are often computationally expensive, error-prone and do not scale. We designed a DHC system named iamResearcher, which solves the scientific publication author identity co-reference problem when integrating distributed bibliographic datasets. In our system, we aggregated 6 million bibliographic data from various publication repositories. Users can sign up to the system to audit and align their own publications, thus solving the co-reference problem in a distributed manner. The aggregated results are published to the Linked Data Cloud
Editorial: Women in AI medicine and public health 2022
No full textThe landscape of technology has undergone a dramatic transformation with the widespread adoption and rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI). This evolution has had a profound impact on various sectors, reshaping not only the way industries operate but also fundamentally altering the way we perceive and interact with the world around us. In particular, AI are revolutionizing the fields of medicine and public health by offering innovative ways to analyze data, make predictions, improve patient care, and even playing central role in advancing agendas of inclusion and equality. However, gender disparity is still evident within the realms of AI, especially within the context of medicine and public health. Despite their accomplishments, women scientists continue to face gender-specific hurdles, such as navigating their public presence and cultivating secure, inclusive work environments.
This Research Topic from Frontiers in Big Data aims to promote and highlight the research work of women scientists, across the fields of AI in medicine and public health. This Research Topic is part of the Women in Artificial Intelligence series. In each work, the first author or the last author needs to be a woman researcher. Each paper underwent a rigorous review process, involving at least two reviewers and two rounds of thorough revisions before acceptance. Six articles were selected that comprise four original research, one brief research report, and one study protocol. Listed below are the papers that made important contributions to this Research Topic
Physiological Effects of Bilirubin: Protection from Protein Oxidation, Kidney Dysfunction and Regulation of Hepatic Lipid Metabolism
No full textClinical evidence indicates that hyperbilirubinaemic individuals with Gilbert’s syndrome (GS) are at reduced risk of developing cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease. This thesis consists of five manuscripts which review and explore various mechanisms whereby unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) may prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The first study of this thesis followed and extended upon the candidate’s Master of Medical Research program. Forty-four age, gender and body mass index matched Gilbert’s syndrome (GS) and healthy controls were recruited and blood was analysed for lipid parameters and plasma antioxidants/oxidative stress status. Individuals with GS had elevated unconjugated bilirubin (UCB), reduced thiol and glutathione concentrations compared to controls. Oxidative stress biomarkers including oxidised glutathione, protein carbonyl and oxidised low-density lipoprotein concentration were significantly reduced in GS and were negatively correlated with UCB concentrations.
To better characterise bilirubin’s ability to inhibit atherogenesis based upon its antioxidant capacity, study two investigated the susceptibility of plasma to myeloperoxidase induced oxidation was tested in hyperbilirubinaemic humans and rodents. Plasma with exogenous UCB supplementation (15.6-250 µM) inhibited HOCl (100 µM) and (100 nM)-hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; 50-100 µM) induced chloramine formation in a dose dependent manner. Chloramine formation was significantly reduced in GS plasma and Gunn rat serum and which was negatively correlated with UCB concentrations. Chloramine decomposition, including protein carbonyl and malondialdehyde formations were significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner. This study suggested that UCB could inhibit protein and lipid oxidation induced by the formation of biologically relevant radicals/oxidants in vitro.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)School of Medical ScienceGriffith HealthFull Tex
Indo-European vocabulary in Old Chinese : a new thesis on the emergence of Chinese language and civilization in the late Neolithic age
No full textThis study is a much expanded version of the paper I read at the XXXII International Congress for Asian and North African Studies on August 28, 1986 in Hamburg (Germany). Contents 1. Recent developments in the field of historical linguistics 2. Monosyllabic structure of Chinese words and Indo-European stems 3. Tonal accents of Middle Chinese 4. Preliminaries on the comparison of consonants and vowels 5. Some IE stems corresponding to Chinese words of entering tone 6. Middle Chinese tones and final consonants of IE stems 7. Some IE stems corresponding to Chinese words of rising tone 8. Some IE stems corresponding to Chinese words of vanishing tone 9. Some IE stems corresponding to Chinese words of level tone 10. Reconstruction of Middle Chinese vocalism according to Yün-ching 11. Old Chinese vocalism 12. Vocalic correspondences between Chinese and IE 13. Initials of Old Chinese 14. Initial consonant clusters in Old Chinese as seen from IE-stems 15. Proximity of Chinese to Germanic 16. Relation of Old Chinese to neighboring languages 17. Emergence of Chinese Empire and language in the middle of the third millennium B.C. Appendix * Abbrevations * Bibliography * Rhyme Tables of Early Middle Chinese (600) * Rhyme Tables of Early Mandarin (1300) * Word Index o English o Pinyin In 1786, just over two hundred years ago, comparative historical linguistics was born, when Sir William Jones (1746-1794) discovered the relationship between Old-Indian Sanskrit, Greek, and Latin. Since then, the emerging Indo-European philology has thrown much light on the early history of mankind in Eurasia. During the past two hundred years, many suggestions were also made in regard to relationships of Indo-European to other languages such as Semitic, Altaic, Austronesian, Korean etc., but Indo-Europeanists commonly rejected such attempts for want of convincing evidence. As to Chinese, Joseph Edkins was the first to advance the thesis of its proximity to Indo-European. In his work China's Place in Philology. An Attempt to show that the Language of Europe and Asia have a Common Origin (1871) he presented a number of Chinese words similar to those of Indo-European. In his time, Edkins' thesis seemed bold and extravagant. But today, more than a hundred years later, we are in a much better position to carry out a comprehensive and well-founded comparative study. Since the end of the nineteenth century, many Sinologists have been engaged in reconstruction of the mediaeval and archaic readings of Chinese characters. Among them, Karlgren (1889-1978) was the most successful, and in 1940 he published a comprehensive phonological and etymological dictionary entitled Grammata Serica. In the meantime, the Indo-Europeanists Alois Walde (1869-1924) and Julius Pokorny (1887-1970) were devoting themselves to the compilation of a useful etymological dictionary. The result was the Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch by Pokorny (1959) which provides a solid basis for our lexical comparisons. Soon thereafter, some Sinologists made use of the two dictionaries by Karlgren and Pokorny to compare Chinese and Indo-European words. In 1967, an unaffiliated German scholar, Jan Ulenbrook, published an article "Einige Übereinstirnrnungen zwischen dem Chinesischen und dem Indogermanischen", in which he claimed that 57 words are related. Shortly afterwards, Tor Ulving of the University of Goteborg, Sweden, wrote a review of this article framing the title as a question: "Indo-European elements in Chinese?" While working on his thesis on word families in Chinese, Ulving compiled for his own use two dictionaries: "Archaic Chinese - English" and "English - Archaic Chinese", and discovered thereby 238 Chinese words similar to Indo-European roots. In spite of this considerable number of word equivalents, however, Mr. Ulving became discouraged and, as he told me in his letter of April, 1986, has given up his researches in this field. The skepticism, common among Indo-Europeanists in regard to comparative studies with other languages, is largely based on the dogmatic opinion that only morphology is relevant but not vocabulary. Since the typology of Chinese seems to preclude a cognate relation to Indo-European, they are inclined to discard any lexical correspondences as merely accidental or onomatopoetic. Besides, prehistorical contacts and mixtures between these languages seem not conceivable, as the Indo-Europeans are supposed to have originated in Northern Europe or at best in the Central Asian steppe, thousands of miles away from East Asia. Hence, any research into a relationship between Old Chinese and Indo-European languages would be but futile from the outset. Yet there are also opposing views among Indo-Europeanists. Investigations into Germanic languages and the oldest Indo-European language, Hittite, led some of them to a critical revision of the prevailing conception about a Proto-Indo-European. Hermann Hirt (1934) for instance states: "Inflexion of Indo-European languages is due to a relatively late development, and its correct comprehension can be achieved only by proceeding from the time of non-inflexion." And Carl Karstien (1936) holds the opinion that "Chinese corresponds most ideally to the hypothetic prototype of Indo-European." Regarding vocabulary, there are striking similarities in the monosyllabic structure of the basic words. In modern German and English, all the words of everyday speech are monosyllabic and their stereotypical structure is: initial consonant(s) + vowel(s) + final consonant(s). The same word structure is valid for Chinese as well. It is fundamentally different from the disyllabic structure of Altaic words and from the triconsonantal-disyllabic structure of Semitic words. Characteristic of the monosyllabic word structure is, besides, the complexity of the syllable nucleus, which consists of different vowels and vowel clusters in contrast to the monophthongal vocalism of polysyllabic words. Another objection raised to comparisons between Chinese and Indo-European is the existence of tonal accents in Chinese. Since most modern Indo-European languages have only expiratory accents, Chinese is considered to be a highly exotic language. Yet, even in Chinese, the use of tonal accents as a means of lexical differentiation is a result of comparatively recent development in the long history of Chinese language, the earliest monuments of which date back to 1300 B.C. (cf. Chang 1970, p.21). Unknown to Old Chinese, the existence of tonal accents was for the first time mentioned in the 5th century by Shen Yüeh (441-513). In Middle Chinese (Mch.) there were four tone categories: A P'ing-sheng 平 a level tone (which developed into Mandarin tone 1 or 2). B Shang-sheng 上 a rising tone (Mandarin tone 3). C Ch'u-sheng 去 a vanishing, i.e. falling tone (Mandarin tone 4). D Ju-sheng 入 an entering tone with a staccato effect, the word being abruptly stopped by a final consonant -p, -t, -k. (In Early Mandarin the words of this tone lost their final consonant and were distributed among the tones 2, 3 and 4, respectively according to the phonation of initials). In Middle Chinese, words of the entering tone were the only group which still preserved the final stops and therefore a close syllabic structure. So they are most appropriate for convincing comparisons with monosyllabic Indo-European word stems. The final stops -p, -t, -k of the entering tone are nowadays still extant in daily speech of several dialects in South China as well as in Chinese borrowings in Japanese, Vietnamese and Korean. As a speaker of a Taiwan dialect of Minnan origin, I could immediately identify some Indo-European stems with corresponding Chinese words. Besides, the command of Japanese and German was also a great help for this study. In the following lists I have chosen a number of Indo-European stems which are phonetically and semantically equivalent to Chinese words. Correspondences in initial and final consonants refer to the points of articulation, thus we have equations: IE labials = Old Chinese labials, IE dentals = dentals, IE l, r = dentals (cf. p. 31); Ø, i (final and medial) IE velars = velars and laryngeals, and occasionally (the so-called "satem"-forms) IE velars = dental sibilants and affricates. Regarding the manner of articulation, there are no regular correspondences between Indo-European and Chinese consonants like Grimm's law which is valid among Indo-European dialects to a certain extent. But this is not astonishing, since in Old Chinese the alternation of initials in voicing was a conventional means of creating new words from one basic form. The rules of vocalic correpondences among Indo-European dialects are quite complex. Vowels permanently change their qualities from one language to another, and from time to time within one language also, as is well known from the history of English pronunciations. Generally, the vocalism of Old Greek is taken as the standard for Proto-Indo-European. Old Chinese vowels corresponds nearly (cf. p. 30), but the details about the reconstruction of Middle and Old Chinese vocalism will be treated later (pp. 26-30). For the moment, it is necessary to notice in advance that the stem of ablauting Germanic verbs is the form of preterite or noun, rather than that of infinitive as assumed hitherto. Therefore, in some cases I must slightly modify the basic vowel of verbal stems given in Pokorny, in order to get better basis for comparison. As Old Chinese verbs were non-flexional, they might probably have preserved the original vowel the best
Orville
No full textAbstract
Gender is a difference between women and men which is judged by their behavior and character which is feminine or masculine. Self disclosure is the process of disclosing personal information that is not necessarily known by others. When someone experiences a difference between sex, which is a reproductive tool, and gender which is his nature, then that person will be underestimated by some societies. The subject of this research is male adolescents who are feminine while the object is self-disclosure by male adolescents who are feminine. In this study, the authors will examine the self-disclosure communication process carried out by teenage boys who are feminine. The theory used in this research is the concept of gender, intrapersonal communication, self-disclosure and self-concept. The author uses literature study, interviews, observation and documentation to gather the required information. In the interview process, the writer chose three main sources, namely three teenage boys who have feminine traits and one psychologist as justification. The results showed that male adolescents who have feminine traits are different from gay and transsexual men. Intrapersonal communication is needed by teenage boys in expressing themselves which is feminine. Communicating with himself can make it easier for feminine boys to make decisions. After expressing themselves, male adolescents who are feminine know themselves better and accept the shortcomings and differences between male adolescents who are feminine and male adolescents in general.
Gender adalah suatu perbedaan antara perempuan dan laki-laki yang dinilai dari kelakuan dan sifat mereka yang feminin atau maskulin. Self disclosure adalah proses pengungkapan informasi pribadi yang belum tentu diketahui oleh orang lain. Saat seseorang mengalami perbedaan antara sex yang merupakan alat reproduksi dengan gender yang merupakan sifatnya, maka orang tersebut akan dianggap remeh oleh beberapa masyarakat. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah remaja laki-laki yang bersifat feminin sedangkan objeknya adalah pengungkapan diri yang dilakukan oleh remaja laki-laki yang bersifat feminin. Dalam penelitian ini penulis akan meneliti proses komunikasi pengungkapan diri yang dilakukan oleh remaja laki-laki yang bersifat feminin. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah konsep gender, komunikasi intrapersonal, self disclosure atau pengungkapan diri, dan konsep diri. Penulis menggunakan studi kepustakaan, wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi untuk mengumpulkan informasi yang dibutuhkan. Dalam proses wawancara, penulis memilih tiga narasumber utama yaitu tiga remaja laki-laki yang memiliki sifat feminin dan satu ahli psikolog sebagai pembenaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa remaja laki-laki yang memiliki sifat feminin berbeda dengan gay dan transeksual. Komunikasi intrapersonal dibutuhkan oleh remaja laki-laki dalam mengungkapkan dirinya yang bersifat feminin. Berkomunikasi dengan dirinya sendiri dapat mempermudah remaja laki-laki yang feminin dalam mengambil keputusan. Setelah melakukan pengungkapan diri remaja laki-laki yang bersifat feminin lebih mengenal dirinya sendiri dan menerima kekurangan dan perbedaan antara remaja laki-laki yang bersifat feminin dengan remaja laki-laki pada umumnya.
Keywords
Feminine; Gender; Intrapersonal Communication; Self Concept; Self-Disclosur
Studi Komunikasi Pengungkapan Diri Remaja Laki-Laki Feminin
No full textAbstract
Gender is a difference between women and men which is judged by their behavior and character which is feminine or masculine. Self disclosure is the process of disclosing personal information that is not necessarily known by others. When someone experiences a difference between sex, which is a reproductive tool, and gender which is his nature, then that person will be underestimated by some societies. The subject of this research is male adolescents who are feminine while the object is self-disclosure by male adolescents who are feminine. In this study, the authors will examine the self-disclosure communication process carried out by teenage boys who are feminine. The theory used in this research is the concept of gender, intrapersonal communication, self-disclosure and self-concept. The author uses literature study, interviews, observation and documentation to gather the required information. In the interview process, the writer chose three main sources, namely three teenage boys who have feminine traits and one psychologist as justification. The results showed that male adolescents who have feminine traits are different from gay and transsexual men. Intrapersonal communication is needed by teenage boys in expressing themselves which is feminine. Communicating with himself can make it easier for feminine boys to make decisions. After expressing themselves, male adolescents who are feminine know themselves better and accept the shortcomings and differences between male adolescents who are feminine and male adolescents in general.
Gender adalah suatu perbedaan antara perempuan dan laki-laki yang dinilai dari kelakuan dan sifat mereka yang feminin atau maskulin. Self disclosure adalah proses pengungkapan informasi pribadi yang belum tentu diketahui oleh orang lain. Saat seseorang mengalami perbedaan antara sex yang merupakan alat reproduksi dengan gender yang merupakan sifatnya, maka orang tersebut akan dianggap remeh oleh beberapa masyarakat. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah remaja laki-laki yang bersifat feminin sedangkan objeknya adalah pengungkapan diri yang dilakukan oleh remaja laki-laki yang bersifat feminin. Dalam penelitian ini penulis akan meneliti proses komunikasi pengungkapan diri yang dilakukan oleh remaja laki-laki yang bersifat feminin. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah konsep gender, komunikasi intrapersonal, self disclosure atau pengungkapan diri, dan konsep diri. Penulis menggunakan studi kepustakaan, wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi untuk mengumpulkan informasi yang dibutuhkan. Dalam proses wawancara, penulis memilih tiga narasumber utama yaitu tiga remaja laki-laki yang memiliki sifat feminin dan satu ahli psikolog sebagai pembenaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa remaja laki-laki yang memiliki sifat feminin berbeda dengan gay dan transeksual. Komunikasi intrapersonal dibutuhkan oleh remaja laki-laki dalam mengungkapkan dirinya yang bersifat feminin. Berkomunikasi dengan dirinya sendiri dapat mempermudah remaja laki-laki yang feminin dalam mengambil keputusan. Setelah melakukan pengungkapan diri remaja laki-laki yang bersifat feminin lebih mengenal dirinya sendiri dan menerima kekurangan dan perbedaan antara remaja laki-laki yang bersifat feminin dengan remaja laki-laki pada umumnya.
Keywords
Feminine; Gender; Intrapersonal Communication; Self Concept; Self-Disclosur
A study of emotional receptivity, information processing style and expectations.
No full textThis research seeks to better understand the underlying information processing style a customer engages in when evaluating service employees who display varying levels of emotional expressiveness. This is an extension of research conducted by Lee and Lim (2010), with our focus on the fit conditions of emotional receptivity (consumer) and emotional expressiveness (service employee). Emotional receptivity refers to an individual’s disposition toward experiencing a preferred level of emotional intensity. Fit conditions happen where there is a close match between a consumer’s emotional receptivity and the level of emotional intensity displayed by a service employee. In addition to reaffirming Lee and Lim’s research and understanding information processing styles, we shall investigate the effect of an emotional-fit condition on the zone of tolerance.
Four sessions of experiments were conducted with 154 Nanyang Business School undergraduates as subjects. The results generally reaffirm Lee and Lim’s research that fit conditions lead to the subject adopting a more favourable attitude towards the service employee, and also suggest that the subject will tend to use greater affect-based processing in comparison to mismatch conditions. Moreover, the results generally show that less emotionally receptive subjects inherently use less affect-based processing regardless of the expressiveness levels exposed to. In addition, under fit conditions, subjects exhibit a narrower zone of tolerance in comparison to subjects in mismatch conditions. Based on the results obtained, theoretical and managerial implications are discussed, and suggestions for future research offered.BUSINES
Fast and Accurate Tensor Completion with Total Variation Regularized Tensor Trains
No full textWe propose a new tensor completion method based on tensor trains. The to-be-completed tensor is modeled as a low-rank tensor train, where we use the known tensor entries and their coordinates to update the tensor train. A novel tensor train initialization procedure is proposed specifically for image and video completion, which is demonstrated to ensure fast convergence of the completion algorithm. The tensor train framework is also shown to easily accommodate Total Variation and Tikhonov regularization due to their low-rank tensor train representations. Image and video inpainting experiments verify the superiority of the proposed scheme in terms of both speed and scalability, where a speedup of up to 155\times is observed compared to state-of-the-art tensor completion methods at a similar accuracy. Moreover, we demonstrate the proposed scheme is especially advantageous over existing algorithms when only tiny portions (say, 1%) of the to-be-completed images/videos are known.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Team Jan-Willem van Wingerde
Content Analysis on Concepts of Global Education of Junior High School Textbooks in Taiwan
No full textThe purpose of this study is to analyze the concepts of global education of junior high school textbooks in Taiwan. The subjects are all textbooks of junior high school, published by Kang Hsuan Educational Publishing Group. The study analyzes the distributions of global education concepts in each unit, each competence indicator of the Grade1-9 Curriculum Guidelines, teaching goals, teaching activities and texts. The study applies the document analysis and content analysis. The author uses the Categories of Global Education Concepts which based on global education related to analyze the textbooks. The major findings are as below:
1. The distributions of global education concepts of units, indicators of Grade1-9 Curriculum Guidelines, teaching goals, teaching activities and texts show inconsistency.
2. On the part of the categories of global education concepts, the textbooks emphasize on the multi-culture and ecological sustainability, lacking the categories on human rights and justice.
3. Within the seven learning areas, the Social Study Learning Area contents the most of global education concepts, while the Math Learning Area is contenting the lowest
Gender order and sisterhood in Ai wei’s fictions
No full textThe thesis consists of two parts. The first is about gender order. The second is
sisterhood. For gender order, it is divided into two types. One is female self-
construction, another one is female parent’s construction. The traditional society
implemented patriarchy which regarded female as secondary. The first part of thesis
emphasizes the ways of female to deconstruct their second class status and build up
self-construction so that to enhance their pride and society status. For female
self-construction, there were some methods such as fought against the patriarchy,
pursued love, pursued building up good character and pursued achievements. Besides,
the author tried to construct female’s parent by making the male parents absent from the family, or
gave them despicable character. The above reasons caused them losing their rights in the family. As
a result, the female parent automatically took over the family administration right. The exist of
female parent in the family implied that the female got rights to fight against the female second
role in the patriarchy. For sisterhood, it emphasizes the sincere feeling among female
relatives and friends. In relationship of mother and daughter, the mothers always showed
caring, love to their daughters. Besides, they also hoped their daughters get happy
marriage. Another point is the caring happened among the female friends and general
ladies. The good friends always showed caring and consoled their female friends whom were in
depression or encountered difficulties. The latter mostly showed their caring based on
female sympathies. For research method, close reading is the basic of research. The analysis of
thesis is also based on summarizing and comparing of texts. In general, the research is
conducted through combination of feminist theory and author’s perception of the topic and
other related methodologies
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