1,720,967 research outputs found
La valutazione di impatto di un sistema order entry sull’appropriatezza degli esami di laboratorio. Approccio metodologico e prime evidenze
No full textL’incidenza del numero di esami di laboratorio è aumentata negli ultimi anni e si ritiene che l’inappropriatezza ne rappresenti una delle cause principali. Vari contributi tendenti a valutare i costi derivanti dall’inappropriatezza e l’efficacia di azioni volte a ridurne l’incidenza hanno prodotto, ad oggi, risultati contrastanti. Alla luce dell’analisi della letteratura e dei primi risultati di uno studio realizzato in un contesto ospedaliero, tale lavoro intende proporre un’analisi metodologica degli aspetti essenziali da includere nella valutazione di impatto relativa all’introduzione di un sistema informatico prototipale (SIP) del tipo order entry nelle Aziende sanitarie. Il lavoro intende anche presentare le prime evidenze relative agli effetti derivanti dall’utilizzo del SIP sul numero e sui costi degli esami di laboratorio eseguiti.The incidence of the number of laboratory tests has been increasing in recent years, and many authors find that their inappropriateness represents one of the main causes of the rising demand for laboratory tests. Some literature evaluates the costs of inappropriateness and the effectiveness of actions aiming at reducing the incidence of laboratory tests; however, it has produced conflicting results so far. This paper aims at analyzing the essential aspects to be included in the evaluation of the impact on the introduction of a computer system prototype (SIP) within a hospital department. SIP is able to detect if a laboratory test has already been performed on the same patient, when a new laboratory test is requested; thus the SIP allows the clinicians to assess the opportunity to repeat it. Considering costs and outcomes, measured before and after the implementation of the new technology (SIP), a model for the evaluation of its impact is proposed
Valutazione dell’intensità assistenziale nell’analisi costo-efficacia di due protocolli chirurgici alternativi per l’intervento di resezione colo-rettale per cancro del colon
No full textIncreasingly, the cost effectiveness assessment requires careful evaluation of nursing care, particularly when that assessment is applied to alternative therapeutic pathways in hospitals. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the intensity of care in the two protocols for surgical resection of the colon - recto: the traditional protocol and the fast-track protocol and the possible correlation between the complexity of care and the cost of hospitalization for the purpose an assessment of the cost-effectiveness of the two alternative protocols. All this can lead, in our view, a reinterpretation of the traditional cost-effectiveness as a function of intensive care
Economic and organizational impact of a clinical decision support system on laboratory test ordering
No full textAbstract Background We studied the impact of a clinical decision support system (CDSS) implemented in a few wards of two Italian health care organizations on the ordering of redundant laboratory tests under different perspectives: (1) analysis of the volume of tests, (2) cost analysis, (3) end-user satisfaction before and after the installation of the CDSS. Methods (1) and (2) were performed by comparing the ordering of laboratory tests between an intervention group of wards where a CDSS was in use and a second (control) group where a CDSS was not in use; data were compared during a 3-month period before (2014) and a 3-month period after (2015) CDSS installation. To measure end-user satisfaction (3), a questionnaire based on POESUS was administered to the medical staff. Results After the introduction of the CDSS, the number of laboratory tests requested decreased by 16.44% and costs decreased by 16.53% in the intervention group, versus an increase in the number of tests (+3.75%) and of costs (+1.78%) in the control group. Feedback from practice showed that the medical staff was generally satisfied with the CDSS and perceived its benefits, but they were less satisfied with its technical performance in terms of slow response time. Conclusions The implementation of CDSSs can have a positive impact on both the efficiency of care provision and health care costs. The experience of using a CDSS can also result in good practice to be implemented by other health care organizations, considering the positive result from the first attempt to gather the point of view of end-users in Italy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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