1,720,955 research outputs found
Estudio del efecto del cambio climático en la inundación del tramo costero de la playa de la misericordia (Málaga): Análisis de los factores que contribuyen a la incertidumbre en la cota de inundación
Full text linkRESUMEN: Los efectos del cambio climático sobre la elevación del agua se estudian por la mayoría a partir de la cota de inundación (CI). Este parámetro es muy utilizado porque se puede emplear como forzamiento de modelos de inundación para luego analizar cualquier daño debido a un evento de inundación especifico. La cota de inundación se desarrolla principalmente con enfoques descendentes, que consisten en emprender una secuencia de pasos, como la selección de un modelo climático, de un escenario de proyecciones climáticas, de formulaciones para obtener su predicción en el futuro.
La mayoría de los estudios en los que se calcula la cota de inundación en el contexto del cambio climático combinan datos de oleaje y marea meteorológica históricos con el aumento del nivel medio del mar (ANMM). Además, muy pocos de ellos analizan la incertidumbre asociada al enfoque descendente, es decir a los datos y a la cadena de modelos empleados para transferir la información desde los escenarios hasta los resultados de cota de inundación.
En este trabajo elaboramos proyecciones de cambio climático de cota de inundación a corto/medio (2026-2045) y largo plazo (2081-2100) considerando proyecciones de oleaje, marea meteorológica y aumento del nivel medio del mar y la reconstrucción de la marea astronómica. La contribución del oleaje a la cota de inundación se ha determinado en forma de setup mediante formulación semi-empíricas y se han obtenido eventos extremos de 20 y 50 años de periodo de retorno. Para caracterizar la incertidumbre asociada a los datos y a la cadena de modelado aplicada se han considerado 6 modelos climáticos regionales (RCMs) y 3 percentiles de ANMM para el escenario SSP5-8.5, dos formulaciones semi-empíricas de setup y 4 modelos estadísticos de extremos.
En total 400 CI sobre los periodos históricos, de corto y largo plazo, han sido analizado mediante resultados estadísticos, tal que grafico de cajas o análisis de la varianza. La variable que aporta mas de incertidumbre en la cadena de pasos es el ANMM al largo plazo, debido a su rango de valores y su incertidumbre misma que aumentan en el futuro. El estudio presenta también la importancia del análisis de la formula escogida para calcular ciertas variables tal que la formula del setup aquí, que representa 98% de la incertidumbre total para un modelo climático y un periodo temporal dados. En cuanto a la elección de los RCMs, su incertidumbre relativa es mucho menor, pero una cierta variabilidad inter-modelos se nota en el análisis de la varianza. Finalmente, las interacciones entre los diferentes parámetros, aunque sean bastante débil en relación con los otros parámetros, cuentan por una parte de incertidumbre en los resultados finales, lo que representa la dependencia de las fuentes de incertidumbre entre ellas.
Se concluye en la importancia de tener en cuenta las dinámicas del oleaje sobre los estudios de aumentación de nivel del mar en el futuro y de la importancia del análisis y de la comparación de los diferentes métodos empleados para evaluar el efecto de cada uno de los pasos seguidos en el cálculo de la CI extremalABSTRACT: The effects of climate change on water elevation are mostly studied on the basis of the total water level (TWL). This parameter is widely used because it can be applied as forcing for inundation models to analyze any damage due to a specific inundation event. Flood elevation is mainly developed with top-down approaches, which consist in undertaking a sequence of steps, such as the selection of a climate model, of a climate projection scenario, of formulations to obtain its prediction in the future.
Most of the studies estimating the total water level in the context of climate change combine historical meteorological wave and tide data with mean sea level rise (MSLR). Moreover, very few of them analyze the uncertainty associated with the top-down approach, i.e., the data and model chain used to transfer the information from scenarios to flood elevation results.
In this work we elaborate climate change projections of short/mid (2026-2045) and long term (2081-2100) total water level considering wave, meteorological tide and mean sea level rise projections and astronomical tidal reconstruction. The contribution of the wave breaking surge to the TWL has been determined as a setup by semi-empirical formulation to further obtain extreme flooding events of 20- and 50-years return. To characterize the uncertainty associated with the data and the applied modeling chain, 6 regional climate models (RCMs) and 3 percentiles of MSLR for the SSP5-8.5 scenario, two semi-empirical setup formulations and 4 statistical models of extremes were considered.
In total 400 TWL over the historical periods, short and long term, have been analyzed by statistical results, such as box plots or analysis of variance. The variable that contributes the most uncertainty in the chain of steps is the MSLR in the long-term period, due to its range of values and its uncertainty that increase in the future. The study also presents the importance of the analysis of the formula chosen to calculate variables, such as the setup formula here, which represents 98% of the total uncertainty for a specific climate model and a period of time. As for the choice of RCMs, their relative uncertainty is much smaller, but some inter-model variability is noted in the variance analysis. Finally, the interactions between the different parameters, although rather weak in relation to the other parameters, account for. a part of uncertainty in the final results, which represents the dependence of the sources of uncertainty between them.
We conclude on the importance of taking into account the wave dynamics on sea level rise studies in the future and the importance of the analysis and comparison of the different methods used to evaluate the effect of each of the steps followed in the calculation of the extreme TWL.Máster en Ingeniería costera y portuari
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
