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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Chemopreventive Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid and Lignans Present in Flaxseed on Colon Tumor Development
No full textFatty acid composition of dietary fat plays a vital role in colon tumor development in animal models. Fats containing co-6 fatty acids (e.g., com oil) enhanced, and co-3 fatty acids (e.g., flaxseed oil) reduced chemically-induced colon tumor development in rats. Lignans have also been shown to prevent colon tumor development in experimental animals. The objective of the present investigation was to study the effects of dietary flaxseed meal, a source of both co-3 fatty acid and lignans on colon tumor development in male Fischer rats and APC Min mice, and also investigate the role of these active components present in flaxseed (alpha-linolenic acid, enterodiol and enterolactone) on human colon tumor CAC0-2 cell line. Male Fischer rats, two groups of 24 each were assigned to the AIN-93M diet supplemented with either 15% com meal or 15% flaxseed meal respectively. Carcinogensis was initiated with subcutaneous injections of azoxymethane (15mg/kg) once a week for three consecutive weeks. After 35 weeks of initiation, rats were anesthetized with ether. APC min mice, five groups of 8 each were assigned to AIN-93 M diet, AIN-93 M diet supplemented with 15% flaxseed oil, flaxseed meal, com oil and com meal respectively for 12 weeks. Blood was collected by cardiac puncture, rats and mice were sacrificed. The gastrointestinal tract from rats and mice were isolated. The site, size and number of tumors were recorded. The fatty acid analyses of the collected serum, intestine and colon samples were performed. Expression of COXI and COX-2 was performed by Western blot method. Lignan levels in serum, intestine and colon samples were assayed. Tumor incidence and multiplicity was significantly (p\u3c0.05) lower in dietary flaxseed meal group in male Fischer rats experiment whereas 100% incidence was observed in all the groups in APC Min mice experiment, However tumor multiplicity was significantly (p\u3c0.05) lower in dietary flaxseed meal group compared to untreated groups in both Fischer rats and APC Min mice. Intestine, Colon and serum samples of the com meal group showed higher levels of ro-6 fatty acids levels whereas the flaxseed meal group exhibited higher levels of ro-3 fatty acid levels. COX-I and COX-2 expression in flaxseed group was significantly lower (p\u3c0.05) as compared to com group. Cell culture studies showed a significant {p\u3c0.05) increase in apoptotic cells and decrease in cell proliferation when treated with various concentrations of experimental compounds (alpha-linolenic acid, enterodiol and enterolactone) present in flaxseed. Dietary flaxseed meal containing high levels of ro-3 fatty acids and lignans is effective in preventing intestinal and colon tumor development when compared with dietary com meal possibly by increasing ro-3 fatty acid levels, lignans and decreasing COX-1 and COX-2 levels. Alpha-linolenic acid, enterodiol and enterolactone decrease cell proliferation and increase apoptosis. Dietary flaxseed could be effective chemopreventive agent for intestinal and colon tumor development
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Estrogen-Gut-Brain Axis: Examining the Role of Combined Oral Contraceptives on Mental Health Through Their Impact on the Gut Microbiome.
No full textCombined oral contraceptives (COCs) possess the ability to alter the normal composition of the gut microbiome and the permeability of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which may cause both gut-related and non-gut-related complications. The gut-estrogen axis examines the relationship between estrogens (particularly the active form, estradiol) and the gastrointestinal system and can be attributed to the maintenance of the estrobolome and circulating estradiol levels. The gut-brain axis involves the relationship between the brain and the gastrointestinal system and can be attributed to the gut microbiome in relation to the enteric nervous system (ENS) and serotonin levels. Overall, the introduction of exogenous hormones into an endogenous environment alters the normal balance of both hormones and bacteria. Currently, there is a gap in knowledge regarding the link between COCs and mental health complications such as anxiety and depression, and the diversity in these complications may be related to different types of COCs, their composition, and variations in study populations. This article reviews existing evidence from animal and human studies on the role of COCs in the development of mental health issues through their impact on the gut microbiome
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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