1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Predicting bus ridership in the Netherlands
No full textThe Netherlands suffers from a traffic congestion problem, which is a cause of both economic damages and high NOx and CO2 emissions. Today, the bus accounts for only a small percentage of all trips made in the Netherlands (less than 4%) but the bus plays an important role as an access and egress mode for train travelers. Short access and egress times are considered as crucial criteria for choosing to travel by train. Thus without a proper bus network, traveling by train will become less attractive. Furthermore the Dutch population is both growing and more mobile than ever, but space to construct new roads is limited. These developments mean that the current transport system in the Netherlands will not be sustainable in the future. To prepare it for the future sustainable public transport will be essential. However it is complicated to design a solid bus network as the public transport sector depends heavily on subsidies. For bus operators to allocate their resources efficiently, good information is key. Direct Ridership Models (DRMs) are rising in popularity as they can provide useful information to bus operators. DRMs are statistical models that are able to capture the relationship between surroundings (such as car ownership in the surrounding neighbourhood or the presence of a university) and travel demand. This way first cut predictions can be made for new bus stop locations. Furthermore, the expected number of travelers can be predicted for existing bus stops when there is a change in the surroundings of the bus stop, which allows bus operators to adjust their services accordingly. In this study, DRMs are used to explain and predict bus ridership for the concession area Arnhem-Nijmegen. The independent variables that are included in the models can be categorised into three groups: demographics, built environment and level of service. Three DRMs are developed based on different regression models. One model is the commonly used OLS. The other two models, Spatial Lag X model (SLX) and Spatial Error Model (SEM), are able to take spatial relationships between bus stops into account. The spatial models showed an improvement over the OLS model in terms of explanatory power. With 34 independent variables, the OLS model could explain 71.4% of the bus ridership. The SEM was able to explain 72.4% and the SLX 73.4%. But more importantly, some of the independent variables that were found significant related to ridership in the OLS model turned out to be not significant in the SEM model, of which car ownership was the most surprising one. For Arnhem-Nijmegen, it could be further looked into if the transportation by bus to parks, sport facilities, amusement parks and hospitals could be facilitated more to increase the bus usage as these variables are found to influence bus ridership significantly. Furthermore, it should be examined why P+R's are not found to affect bus ridership significantly. The prediction accuracy of the OLS model and the SLX model was also studied. The predictions of the SLX model turned out to be more accurate, but in general the prediction results were not satisfying. For more than half of the bus stops in Arnhem-Nijmegen, the predicted value of the SLX model was 50% more or 50% less than the actual value. The reason for this is the existence of non-stationary relationships, which means that the relations between ridership and the independent variables can vary based on the locations of the stops. This study contained bus stops in urban areas and in rural areas and it can be expected that for example the influence of a hospital in a village on bus ridership is smaller than the influence of a hospital in a city. In this study, the existence of non-stationary relationships between regions is demonstrated while studying if a DRM based on Arnhem-Nijmegen can be generalised to the region Groningen- Drenthe. It turned out residential land-use has more influence on bus ridership in Groningen- Drenthe while hospitals and universities have a higher impact on ridership in Arnhem-Nijmegen. The non-stationary relationships make it not advisable to generalise the DRM based on Arnhem- Nijmegen to different regions. In scientific literature, nothing has been written about the practical applications of DRMs for policy makers. As it was assumed DRMs can be useful for policy makers, three policy makers were interviewed for their insights on the applications. One of the application mentioned is preventing unsafe traffic situations, as DRMs allow to update ridership predictions when circumstances around the bus stop change. For example, when a bus stops is designed for a low number of travelers and a new neighbourhood is developed close to it, the increase in travelers could result in unsafe situations. With a DRM the increase in travelers can be predicted, which makes it possible to redesign the bus stop. Other applications that were identified in the interviews are: examining if a bus stop is performing below its potential and substantiating plans for new routes, new stop locations and relocating bus stops. Overall, the benefit of DRM is widely acknowledged and in combination with personal expertise, it could lead to optimised decision making. In the end, it is demonstrated how a DRM can be used to identify bus stops which do not fulfil their potential and suggestions are provided how the number of rides can be increased. The stops Europalaan in Renkum, Kerkstraat in Weurt and Beemdstraat, Fransestraat & Hatertseweg in Nijmegen turned out be under performing and several improvement suggestions were made. Although the prediction accuracy of the models were rather poor, future studies can use this study as a basis for models based on a more homogeneous study area, such as only bus stops in cities. Sub-setting the model is expected to have a major positive influence on the prediction accuracy. It would be interesting to see if a DRM based on a city can be generalised to other cities as well. Furthermore, the model can be complemented with more independent variables. Variables that encourage car use over bus use, such as the difference in travel time to the city center or the distance to the closest highway ramp, could be valuable additions.Engineering and Policy Analysi
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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