1,304 research outputs found
Idea sprawiedliwości – współczesne dylematy
Full text linkCelem artykułu jest ukazanie tego, jak wielkie znaczenie idea sprawiedliwości odgrywa w życiu społecznym i politycznym. W pierwszej jego części zostaje zarysowana historia sprawiedliwości począwszy od tradycji greckiej („Państwo” Platona), poprzez chrześcijaństwo (w ujęciu encykliki „Bóg jest miłością” Benedykta XVI) aż do współczesnej teorii sprawiedliwości J. Rawlsa, której zasady (m.in. wyrównywania szans, redystrybucji dochodów) stały się swoistym modelem dla wielu współcześnie funkcjonujących państw. W części drugiej spróbujemy spojrzeć na polską transformację ustrojową po 1989 roku przez pryzmat twierdzenia Rawlsa, że wszelkie instytucje i mechanizmy
regulujące życie politycznej wspólnoty, niezależnie od tego jak były nowatorskie i doskonałe, muszą zostać w dłuższym dystansie zakwestionowane, jeżeli nie spełniają elementarnego wymogu sprawiedliwości. Postawimy tezę, że program „Prawa i Sprawiedliwości” w 2015 roku odpowiadał trafnie na niespełnioną potrzebę sprawiedliwości w polskim społeczeństwie, co było źródłem sukcesu wyborczego i poparcia społecznego dla rządu w kolejnych trzech latach. W zakończeniu wskażemy jednak także na niebezpieczeństwa, które związane są z nadmiernym rozrostem rządowych programów społecznych. Przypomnimy za F. von Hayekiem, że dążenie do równości ekonomicznej
stanowi śmiertelne zagrożenie dla wolności.The aim of the paper is to show a role of an idea of justice in social and political life. In the first part the Author describes the history of justice beginning with the Greek tradition (Platon’s State), through Christianity (as described in encyclical “God is love” by Benedykt XVI) till the modern theory of justice by J. Rawls, the rules of which (e.g. equality of chances, income redistribution) constitute a model for many modern states. In the second part an attempt to interpret the Polish political transformation after 1989 year is done, considering the Rawls’ claim that all institutions and mechanisms regulating a life of political community, independently of their modernity and excellence, must be put to the question in a long term if they do not fulfill the basic condition of justice. The Author proposes a thesis that the program of “Prawo i Sprawiedliwość” political party in 2015 year met the unfulfilled need for justice in Polish society and it was a source of the electoral success and social support for the government in the following three years. Nevertheless, some dangers connected with an excessive growth of the governmental social programs are indicated in the final part. It is reminded, on the basis of Hayek statement, that striving for economic equity creates a fatal
threat for freedom
Political directives
No full textTitle: Wskazania polityczne (Political directives) Originally published: Ognisko: książka zbiorowa wydana dla uczczenia 25 letniej pracy T. T. Jeża, Warsaw, K. Kowalewski, 1882 Language: PolishThe excerpts used are from Janina Kulczycka-Saloni, Pozytywizm, (Warsaw: PZWS, 1971), pp. 235–240. About the author Aleksander Świętochowski [1849, Stoczek (in Podlachia, present-day east Poland) – 1938, Gołotczyzna (central Poland)]: politician and writer. Aleksander Świetochowski, like many other adhe..
Review of the book: Magdalena Krępa, Powołanie kobiety do macierzyństwa i mężczyzny do ojcostwa w kontekście dyskursu katolicyzmu z ideologią gender w polskiej literaturze przedmiotu, (The vocation of a woman to motherhood and a man to fatherhood in the c
Full text linkAn axiological approach to the problem of sexual education
Full text linkAmong all sorts of technological and cultural breakthroughs affecting our civilisation which we have witnessed over the last few decades, the changes regarding the most intimate spheres of human nature, those of sexuality, may have passed unnoticed. A series of changes in social norms triggered after 1968 resulted in a situation which, as far as sexuality is concerned, can be described as a real „controversy over human existence”.
This paper will briefly outline some of the characteristics of the social changes that have occurred over the past fifty years and which have had a significant impact on the understanding of the nature of sexuality. Then, two apparently competing visions of man, the traditional and the modernist will be compared. As far as the traditional concept is concerned, reference will be made to the teachings of John Paul II. The modernist approach will be illustrated based on the „Standards for Sexuality Education in Europa” formulated by the World Health Organisation. The objective is not to settle the dispute, but to try and highlight its substance as well as the consequences arising from adopting one or the other of the proposed approaches
Interpreting Wage Bargaining Norms
Full text linkFrom the mid-1990s onwards, Swedish wage bargaining has been characterised by informal co-ordination of the wage claims of big unions and bargaining cartels. In particular, it has been understood that the manufacturing sector should lead by first agreeing on a pay increase, whereafter the service sector and public sector unions choose a similar increase. We analyse his setup with two possible theoretical interpretations: (i) the manufacturing sector as a tackelberg leader and (ii) a normative role for the manufacturing sector’s pay increase, upported either by unmodelled social pressure or a modeled loss aversion (envy) of the heltered sector unions. The conclusion of the analysis is that the normative or leading role of one sector – in the Swedish case the manufacturing sector – can potentially bring big benefits for employment and output. Generalising an idea suggested by Lars Calmfors and Anna Larsson, our analysis also generates a rudimentary theory of why the wage increase norm sometimes binds and sometimes not. A comparison of the model predictions and the observed outcomes of the last five wage bargaining rounds in Sweden suggests that the model is generally consistent with the empirical observations: wage moderation and norm observance are stronger when the manufacturing industry’s initial relative wage is low.wage bargaining; bargaining co-ordination
The Role of High-Tech Capital Formation for Swedish Productivity Growth
Full text linkWhile using new data and standard growth-accounting techniques, this paper takes a closer look at the Swedish productivity revival in the second half of the 1990s. In particular, I find large total factor productivity growth in high-tech producing sectors and capital deepening associated with high-tech equipment elsewhere. In addition, for high-tech producers, high-tech capital deepening has as a rule contributed negatively to labor productivity growth - a result above all driven by large increases in hours worked in this sector. I also find that in the business sector, the contribution from high-tech capital deepening to labor productivity growth increased from about 1 percent 1994 to 9 percent 1999.
The pedagogical ideas of Aleksander Groza. A serries of Alphabet Books
No full textAleksander Groza was the author of a series of three alphabet books: The greater alphabet book, The lesser alphabet book and The little alphabet book. This series was created in the Ukraine in 1860. Aleksander Groza was, first of all, a writer and poet, a representative of the so-called “Ukrainian school” in Polish literature, a nobleman and a representative of the middle-class gentry. The aim of the article is to characterize the alphabet books both in terms of structure and content. I will be interested in the values that Aleksander Groza intended to foster in his students, as well as how his ideas presented themselves against the epoch
Gli alfabeti slavi nelle polemiche ottocentesche - appunti
No full textSlavonic Alphabets in the Polemics of the 19th Century
(Preliminary remarks)
The paper tackles upon some examples of using the images of ss. Cyril
and Metodius together with the problems related to the ancient Slavonic
alphabets – Glagolitic and Cyrillic – in a variety of discussions held
in the Slavonic milieu in the 19th c. Attention is paid to: 1) Exchange
of opinions between the Serb Dimitrije Tirol and the Bulgarian Vasilij
Aprilov in the context of the Russian claim on the Cyrillic. 2) The dispute
of the Croatian prelates concerning the birthplace of Saint Jerome
whom they considered to be the inventor of the Glagolitic alphabet and
to the testimony of Adam Mickiewicz in this regard. 3) The dilemma
the Croatian Grammarian Ignjat Alojz Brlić was faced with: which alphabet
to choose for the Serbo-Croatian? 4) The conviction of the rev.
Piotr Semenenko, the founder of the Congregation of the Resurrection
of Our Lord Jesus Christ, that Constantine-Cyril invented the Glagolitic
alphabet while the Cyrillic is the alphabet of the Eastern schismatics. 5)
The reasoning of Ivan Platonov, the author of the treatise against the
encyclical Grande munus of Leo VIII, about the anti-Orthodox function
of Glagolitic as a Roman manipulation with the Church. 6) Anton Budilovich’s
ideas of the western genesis of the Glagolitic and the Crimean
origin of the Cyrillic alphabet
O etyce, naukowej drodze i oczekiwaniach świata wobec filozofów – wywiad z prof. Aleksandrem Bobko, sekretarzem stanu w Ministerstwie Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego
No full textAleksander Scibor-Rylski w tandemach: z Kawalerowiczem, Kutzem i Hofmanem
Full text linkAleksander Ścibor-Rylski was one of the greatest Polish scriptwriters, who in addition to numerous films based on his texts, left behind a trove of abandoned scripts. This article introduces Ścibor-Rylski as a highly versatile author, as exemplified by three scripts he wrote: Wczasy pod lipą [Lime Tree Holiday], Zaułek św. Sebastiana [Saint Sebastian Alley] and Stara baśń [An Ancient Tale]. Each of these scripts was written in a different convention and each was ordered by a different director, hence the title of this article – Aleksander Ścibor-Rylski in tandem with Kawalerowicz, Kutz and Hoffman. Apart from an analysis of the three scripts, the article describes the way they evolved, Ścibor-Rylski’s favourite stylistic clues and the reasons they remained unfinished.Aleksander Ścibor-Rylski was one of the greatest Polish scriptwriters, who in addition to numerous films based on his texts, left behind a trove of abandoned scripts. This article introduces Ścibor-Rylski as a highly versatile author, as exemplified by three scripts he wrote: Wczasy pod lipą [Lime Tree Holiday], Zaułek św. Sebastiana [Saint Sebastian Alley] and Stara baśń [An Ancient Tale]. Each of these scripts was written in a different convention and each was ordered by a different director, hence the title of this article – Aleksander Ścibor-Rylski in tandem with Kawalerowicz, Kutz and Hoffman. Apart from an analysis of the three scripts, the article describes the way they evolved, Ścibor-Rylski’s favourite stylistic clues and the reasons they remained unfinished
- …
