1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Regulatory strategies for the safe design of plant
Get PDFThis working paper highlights key differences between the Australian and European regimes and identifies some options for improving the regulation of safe design under Australian OHS law. In particular, the discussion focuses on: (1) the types of plant to which safe design requirements should apply; (2) the parties with designated responsibilities; (3) the systematic process of risk management; (4) the use of technical standards to underpin safe design; (5) testing and examination, technical assessment and design verification of plant; (6) provision of information; (7) documentation of safe design; (8) use of safe design ‘marks’ or identifiers; (9) qualification of safe design obligations; and (10) consistency in regulation of safe design. Each of these elements are addressed in turn, proposing some goals for regulating safe design of plant and outlining some strategies for achieving these goals
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
A responsive, contextual and networked approach to enforcing safe design of plant
Get PDFThis working paper begins by discussing current mechanisms, strategies and practices applied by Australian OHS regulators to enforce compliance with OHS law, observing that, in the main, OHS enforcement policy and practice has been designed for and applied to employer and worker duty holders. While some of these approaches may have application in enforcing upstream duties, there is a need to rethink enforcement in relation to safe design and the upstream obligations. Thus, this working paper proposes some possible new directions for enforcement policy and practice, taking account of important contextual factors which influence upstream duty holders and therefore need to shape how OHS regulators oversee and engage with upstream parties
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The use of infringement notices in OHS law enforcement
Get PDFInfringement notices are now part of OHS law enforcement in several Australian states and territories, as well as in New Zealand. In principle these notices have the potential to favourably influence OHS performance. However, it is difficult to draw firm conclusions about effectiveness in view of limited empirical evidence as well as the considerable diversity in existing schemes. This paper raises some important legal and practical concerns which may qualify the effectiveness of infringement notices, and have implications for policy makers designing and implementing infringement notice schemes, to be applied in OHS law enforcement. The indications are that infringement notices are more suited to non-complex offences where the breach is clearly defined in law and the facts are easily verified. There is a challenge to define expiable OHS offences which are clear-cut and ambiguous but which also clearly have preventive value by virtue of a direct link to OHS risk control. There are reasons for regulators to be more cautious about applying infringement notices to offences involving decisions about .(reasonable) practicability. or the adequacy of risk management processes. There is also reason to keep the level of penalty for infringement notices under review. Current fines in Australia are low by international standards and as the principal role of infringement notices is to deter non-compliance, they need to be set at a level that does deter. This could involve a tiered system of fines where more serious and repeat breaches warrant a higher penalty. There is a series of considerations relating to consistency and transparency in decision making, and procedure for, issuing infringement notices, both to ensure fairness for recipients of notices and effectiveness of infringement notice arrangements. There is a case for OHS regulators to develop and promulgate procedural guidelines addressing key considerations including: the grounds or criteria for issuing an infringement notice, the number of offences identified on a notice (one offence per notice), the time limit within which a notice may be served, arrangements and basis for review and withdrawal of a notice, how infringement notices are used in the context of responsive enforcement and a hierarchy of enforcement measures, and especially their relationship to improvement and prohibition notices, the person to whom notices are served (drawing senior manager.s attention to OHS problems), and how records of infringement notices are used as part of the compliance history of an organisation. To protect the legal rights of recipients, infringement notice formats should clearly set out the right to seek review of a notice or contest it in court, the effect of payment and consequences of non-payment. They should also provide details of the offence and practical arrangements about payment of the fine. There should be a consistent approach whereby infringement notices, that are paid and not subject to a court hearing are not taken into account in subsequent proceedings or civil action. Finally, there is a need for further empirical studies of the use of infringement notices in Australian (and New Zealand) OHS law enforcement in order to determine more clearly the characteristics of infringement notice schemes that are most effective in deterring non-compliance with OHS law. Ultimately, the success of infringement notices depends on their ability to change the behaviour of recipients so that future injury, disease and death are prevented, and this is how they should be judged
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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