1,721,033 research outputs found
Editorial: Language and culture: Nurses positioned to lead hospital care for people living with dementia
No full textOne of the most complex groups of patients in hospital are people living with dementia, with 71% in the highest category of clinical complexity (AIHW, 2019). In Australia in 2016–17, there were around 95,000 hospitalisations of people with a diagnosis of dementia, with most presenting through emergency departments for injury, poisoning or leg fracture (AIHW, 2019). Dementia is an organic disease of the brain, emerging as a pattern of cognitive decline, resulting in one or more of amnesia, aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, dyspraxia, spatial disorientation, and other features (LoGiudice & Flicker, 2014). Pathophysiological changes in the brain caused by dementia can have a significant impact on a person’s ability to perceive information within their immediate environment, process ideas logically, and recall information (LoGiudice & Flicker, 2014). Sometimes, people living with dementia will display behaviours such as aggression, irritability, night-time disturbances, aberrant motor behaviour and disinhibition (Hessler et al., 2018), widely recognised as behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) (Finkel, 2000).No Full Tex
Editorial: COVID-19 and what it means for end-of-life care in ICU: Balancing the priorities
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic is challenging health care systems worldwide, described as an unparalleled and extraordinary public health emergency (Jackson et al., 2020). Australian measures designed to contain and minimise the spread and impact of COVID-19 have been relatively successful compared to other countries (Chin et al., 2020). Yet, heightened vigilance and hospital-wide preparations for a COVID-19 surge are ongoing. A recent Australian survey identified that there is capacity to increase the number of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) beds and ventilators by 191% and 121% respectively (Phua et al., 2020). ICU preparedness is a key part of Australia’s response, given that as many as 16% of patients in Lombardy, Italy (Grasselli et al., 2020) and 24% of patients in New York, USA diagnosed with COVID-19 required an ICU admission (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2020). But there is more to an ICU admission than beds and ventilators. ICU clinicians must adapt, evolve and develop new ways to meet the needs of the critically ill and the greater community.No Full Tex
Culturally responsive care in haemodialysis: A scoping review
No full textAim: To describe how clinicians provide culturally responsive care to culturally diverse people with kidney failure in haemodialysis centres. Background: Culturally diverse individuals receiving in-centre maintenance haemodialysis have unique cultural needs. Unmet cultural needs can impair and profoundly affect their experiences. Given culturally responsive care has the potential to enhance the experiences of culturally diverse people, it is vital to understand how clinicians provide culturally responsive care. Method: A scoping review was undertaken using Arksey and OMalleys framework. Five databases: Medline and CINAHL Complete (EBSCO), PsycINFO, Embase (OVID) and ProQuest Theses and Dissertation databases were searched for research literature published in English between 1990 and 2023. Narrative synthesis was used to synthesise the data. Results: From the 17,271 records screened, 17 papers reporting 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. Narrative synthesis revealed two themes: (i) communication enablers and barriers including linguistic differences, professional and lay interpreter use; and (ii) the importance of culture, which encompassed acknowledging cultural priorities, accommodating cultural food preferences and access to cultural training. Conclusion: While competing priorities associated with haemodialysis may be a challenge for clinicians, recognising the significance of cultural care needs and accommodating them in care is important. Demonstrating respect towards cultural diversity and providing person-centred care by facilitating the unique cultural needs of people with kidney failure in haemodialysis is imperative. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Culturally responsive care is complex and multidimensional. Individuals' cultural care needs should be acknowledged, respected, and accommodated in care. Patient or Public contribution: No patient or public contribution. The study protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework. https://osf.io/uv8g3.Full Tex
Critical care nursing workforce: Global imperatives, innovations and future-proofing – A call for papers (Editorial)
No full textThis editorial is a Call for Papers for a special issue dedicated to emerging critical care nursing workforce issues and challenges.
The world’s population is ageing, and the number of persons aged 65 years or over projected to more than double (United Nations, 2019). Meeting the healthcare needs of the growing older population is likely a key concern for governments and health systems around the world (Allen, 2020). Additionally, non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes account for 71% of all global deaths (World Health Organization (World Health Organization., 2019). The 21st century has also seen a potentially fatal combination of newly-discovered diseases, such as SARS, MERS and most recently COVID-19 (Wang et al, 2020) and the re-emergence of infectious diseases once thought eradicated (World Health Organization, 2018).No Full Tex
Trauma-informed care: Why is it so important in primary health care? (Editorial)
No full textIn 2016, the Royal Commission into Family Violence released its findings highlighting the significant health impacts of trauma to the Australian population (State of Victoria, 2016). Trauma, which is often described as a negative emotional response to an event or series of events (Dalenberg, Straus, & Carlson, 2017) can be overwhelming and while many people recover, for others, the effects can be long lasting (Phoenix Australia, 2021). Australia's substantial trauma history includes the suffering Indigenous peoples have experienced through loss of land, disconnection from kin and culture (Dudgeon, Watson, & Holland, 2017), natural disasters such as droughts and bushfires (Dutta, Das, & Aryal, 2016), and may also be associated with family violence or sexual abuse (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2019), adverse childhood experiences (Wickramasinghe, Raman, Garg, & Hurwitz, 2019) and being marginalised or displaced (Taylor & Haintz, 2018). Just as there are many ways in which individuals are exposed to trauma, the impact is also variable; yet every trauma-impacted individual needs appropriate, responsive care to support recovery.No Full Tex
Family-centred care at end of life in critical care: A retrospective descriptive study
No full textBackground: A family-centred approach to care can aid family coping at the end of life in critical care. Yet little is known about how families’ preferences for involvement in care planning and decision-making, are assessed and supported. Aim: To explore how family involvement and assessment of their needs at the end of life are facilitated and supported in critical care Methods: A descriptive study utilising a retrospective audit of the medical records of 50 patients who received end-of-life care in one critical care unit. Findings: Next-of-kin were documented in 96% of records, with the spouse/partner fulfilling the role in 46% of cases. A Goals of Care Summary was completed in 74.0% of cases with 62.2% of patients for treatment limitation, 10.8% for supportive/palliative care, and 21.6% identified as terminal. In 75.7% of cases there was evidence of next-of-kin/family consultation and formal family meetings were held in 90.0% of cases. There was also evidence of supporting family involvement and needs before and after death. 22.0% received bereavement support and in 34.0% cultural/religious practices were facilitated after patient death. Discussion: Clinicians rely on family members to inform care planning and decision-making. Hence, a family-centred approach to care is essential in critical care practice. Conclusion: Opportunities for next-of-kin or extended family to be involved in patient care planning and decision making are key to ensuring family members to be as involved as they wish, kept informed and receive bereavement support. Addressing patients’ and families' cultural/religious needs and other needs that extend beyond the clinical setting are essential to a family-centred approach to care at the end of life.No Full Tex
“At the end, we are all human” – Striving for equity in the care of patients from culturally diverse backgrounds
No full textAs a result of international migration, populations are diverse, amplifying the importance of equity in the provision of critical care. According to the World Health Organization, equity is achieved when every person can achieve their full potential for health and wellbeing (2021).Full Tex
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
What mediates end-of-life care choices?
No full textIn The Lancet Public Health, Joanna Davies and colleagues examine the relationship between socioeconomic position and receipt of hospital-based care towards the end of life for older people,1 showing that lower wealth is associated with increased hospital admissions in the last 2 years of life and a higher probability of death in hospital. This is an important contribution to the literature as it adds weight to the growing understanding of the importance of non-clinical factors such as socioeconomic status to patterns and quality of health care and its usage. These factors have been brought into sharp focus during the COVID-19 syndemic, recognising the biological and social interactions that are important for prognosis, treatment, and health policy.2Full Tex
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